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Palliative Care and Social Practice 2024Palliative care patients desire more symptom management interventions that are complementary to their medical treatment. Within the multi-professional team, nurses could... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Palliative care patients desire more symptom management interventions that are complementary to their medical treatment. Within the multi-professional team, nurses could help support pain management with non-pharmacological interventions feasible for their practice and adaptable to palliative care patients' needs.
OBJECTIVES
The objective was to identify non-pharmacological interventions feasible in the nursing scope of practice affecting pain in palliative care patients.
DESIGN
A systematic review.
DATA SOURCES AND METHODS
A defined search strategy was used in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase. Search results were screened double-blinded. Methodological quality was double-appraised with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Data were extracted from selected studies and the findings were summarized. The methodological quality, quantity of studies evaluating the same intervention, and consistency in the findings were synthesized in a best-evidence synthesis to rank evidence as strong, moderate, limited, mixed, or insufficient.
RESULTS
Out of 2385 articles, 22 studies highlighted non-pharmacological interventions in the nursing scope of practice. Interventions using massage therapy and virtual reality demonstrated most evidentiary support for pain management, while art therapy lacked sufficient evidence. Mindful breathing intervention showed no significant reduction in pain. Hypnosis, progressive muscle-relaxation-interactive-guided imagery, cognitive-behavioral audiotapes, wrapped warm footbath, reflexology, and music therapy exhibited promising results in pain reduction, whereas mindfulness-based stress reduction program, aromatherapy, and aroma-massage therapy did not.
CONCLUSION
Despite not all studies reaching significant changes in pain scores, non-pharmacological interventions can be clinically relevant to palliative care patients. Its use should be discussed for its potential value and nurses to be trained for safe practice. Methodologically rigorous research for non-pharmacological interventions in nursing scope of practice for pain relief in palliative care patients is necessary.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The protocol for this study is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020196781).
PubMed: 38223744
DOI: 10.1177/26323524231222496 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Oct 2019Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent form of chronic joint disease associated with functional restrictions and pain. Activity limitations negatively impact social...
BACKGROUND
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent form of chronic joint disease associated with functional restrictions and pain. Activity limitations negatively impact social connectedness and psychological well-being, reducing the quality of life (QoL) of patients. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing information on QoL in KOA patients and share the reported individual factors, which may influence it.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review examining the literature up to JAN/2017 available at MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and PsycINFO using KOA and QOL related keywords. Inclusion criteria were QOL compared to at least one demographic factor (e.g., age, gender), lifestyle factor (e.g., functional independence), or comorbidity factor (e.g., diabetes, obesity) and a control group. Analytical methods were not considered as part of the original design.
RESULTS
A total of 610 articles were reviewed, of which 62 met inclusion criteria. Instruments used to measure QoL included: SF-36, EQ-5D, KOOS, WHOQOL, HAS, AIMS, NHP and JKOM. All studies reported worse QoL in KOA patients when compared to a control group. When females were compared to males, females reported worse QOL. Obesity as well as lower level of physical activity were reported with lower QoL scores. Knee self-management programs delivered by healthcare professionals improved QoL in patients with KOA. Educational level and higher total mindfulness were reported to improve QoL whereas poverty, psychological distress, depression and lacking familial relationships reduce it. Surgical KOA interventions resulted in good to excellent outcomes generally; although, results varied by age, weight, and depression.
CONCLUSION
KOA has a substantial impact on QoL. In KOA patients, QoL is also influenced by specific individual factors including gender, body weight, physical activity, mental health, and education. Importantly, education and management programs designed to support KOA patients report improved QoL. QoL data is a valuable tool providing health care professionals with a better comprehension of KOA disease to aid implementation of the most effective management plan.
Topics: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Depression; Educational Status; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Knee Joint; Mindfulness; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Patient Selection; Quality of Life; Sex Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31656197
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2895-3 -
European Journal of Neurology Aug 2023Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Mindfulness and meditation therapies have been demonstrated as effective... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Mindfulness and meditation therapies have been demonstrated as effective alternative treatments for patients with neurological disorders. However, the effects of mindfulness and meditation therapies on PD remain unclear. This meta-analysis investigated the effects of mindfulness and meditation therapies in PD patients.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials comparing mindfulness and meditation therapies with control treatments in patients with PD.
RESULTS
Nine articles involving eight trials were included, with a total of 337 patients. Our meta-analysis revealed that mindfulness and meditation therapies significantly improved Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-Part III score (mean difference [MD] = -6.31, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = -8.57 to -4.05) and cognitive function (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.23 to 1.02). However, no significant differences were discovered between mindfulness therapies and control in gait velocity (MD = 0.05, 95% CI = -0.23 to 0.34), Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 Summary Index (MD = 0.51, 95% CI = -1.12 to 2.14), activities of daily living (SMD = -1.65, 95% CI = -3.74 to 0.45), depression (SMD = -0.43, 95% CI = -0.97 to 0.11), anxiety (SMD = -0.80, 95% CI = -1.78 to 0.19), pain (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI = -1.06 to 2.63), or sleep disturbance (SMD = -0.67, 95% CI = -1.58 to 0.24).
CONCLUSION
Mindfulness and meditation therapies may serve as complementary and alternative treatments for PD patients.
Topics: Humans; Mindfulness; Parkinson Disease; Meditation; Activities of Daily Living; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37158296
DOI: 10.1111/ene.15839 -
Journal of School Psychology Apr 2023Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) are increasingly used in educational institutions to enhance students' mental health and resilience. However, reviews of the literature... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) are increasingly used in educational institutions to enhance students' mental health and resilience. However, reviews of the literature suggest this use may have outpaced the evidence base and further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying these programs' effectiveness and which outcomes are being affected. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the strength of MBPs' effects on school adjustment and mindfulness outcomes while also considering the potential influence of study and program characteristics, including the role of comparison groups, students' educational level, the type of program being used, and the facilitator's training and previous mindfulness experience. Following a systematic review of five databases, 46 studies using a randomized controlled design with students from preschool to undergraduate levels were selected. At post-program, the effect of MBPs compared to control groups was (a) small for overall school adjustment outcomes, academic performance, and impulsivity; (b) small to moderate for attention; and (c) moderate for mindfulness. No differences emerged for interpersonal skills, school functioning, or student behaviour. The effects of MBPs on overall school adjustment and mindfulness differed based on students' educational level and the type of program being delivered. Moreover, only MBPs delivered by outside facilitators with previous experience of mindfulness had significant effects on either school adjustment or mindfulness. This meta-analysis provides promising evidence of the effectiveness of MBPs in educational contexts to improve students' school adjustment outcomes beyond typically assessed psychological benefits, even when using randomized controlled designs.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Humans; Mindfulness; Adaptation, Psychological; Students; Mental Health; Schools
PubMed: 36914366
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2022.10.007 -
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Feb 2023Mindfulness has generated considerable interest in the last two decades in clinical and research settings. The efficacy of mindfulness has been evaluated for the sexual...
INTRODUCTION
Mindfulness has generated considerable interest in the last two decades in clinical and research settings. The efficacy of mindfulness has been evaluated for the sexual dysfunctions recognized by the DSM-5 and other sexual problems, such as compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), also known as sex addiction or hypersexuality. Here, we review the evidence for various mindfulness-based treatments as mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral treatment or mindfulness-based relapse prevention for different problems related to sexuality to respond our question: "Are Mindfulness-Based Treatments (MBT) effective in reducing the symptomatology of sexuality-related disorders?".
METHODS
Through a systematic search conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, we found 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria: (I) articles using MBT for sexuality-related problems, (II) clinical population, (III) no date range limits were applied, (IV) only empirical studies were included, (V) language and (VI) quality of studies.
RESULTS
Evidence shows that mindfulness practice could be effective for some sexual disorders, such as female sexual arousal/desire disorder. However, due to scarcity of studies on other sexual problems such as situational erectile dysfunction, genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder, childhood sexual abuse or compulsive sexual behavior disorder, the findings cannot be generalized.
CONCLUSIONS
Mindfulness-based therapies provides evidence to reduce the symptomatology associated with various sexual problems. However more studies are needed for these sexual problems. By last, future directions and implications are discussed.
PubMed: 36803998
DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0459 -
Hong Kong Journal of Occupational... Jun 2022Literature shows that there is a circular relationship between children's ADHD-related behaviors and parenting stress. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Literature shows that there is a circular relationship between children's ADHD-related behaviors and parenting stress. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand if mindfulness parent trainings have benefits for both parenting stress and the problem behaviors in children with ADHD.
METHODS
Five databases, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMED, and Web of Science, were searched. Within-group effects at post-treatment and follow-up assessment, and between-group effects at post-treatment were analyzed. Effect sizes (Hedges' g) were also calculated.
RESULTS
Ten studies (5 RCTs and 5 non-RCTs) met the selection criteria and were selected for systematic review, and nine of them were included for meta-analysis. Among these 10 studies, five studies involved mindfulness training for both parents and children, while the other five studies involved mindfulness training for parents only. Within-group effects at post-treatment were small-to-large for all outcomes. Hedges' g ranged between -0.17 [95% CI (-0.98, 0.64)] and 4.70 [95% CI (3.59, 5.81)] for parenting stress; 0.17 [95% CI (-0.03, 0.37)] and 4.03 [95% CI (2.97, 5.09)] for children's problem behaviors; and 0.20 [95% CI (-0.10, 0.50)] and 2.98 [95% CI (2.16, 3.80)] for children's ADHD symptoms. Between-group comparisons showed mindfulness parent training was superior to other active controls on all outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that mindfulness parent training may be beneficial for parenting stress and children's ADHD-related behaviors, and due to the small number of studies reviewed, cautions should be taken when interpreting the results.
PubMed: 35847187
DOI: 10.1177/15691861211073826 -
Schizophrenia Research Nov 2021Mindfulness meditation (MM) and its alignment with the mind-body perspective of health in Chinese cultures indicate its potential to benefit Chinese patients with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Mindfulness meditation (MM) and its alignment with the mind-body perspective of health in Chinese cultures indicate its potential to benefit Chinese patients with psychosis. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to address the following questions: (1) Does MM improve clinical, well-being, and third-wave outcomes (i.e., mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion levels) among Chinese patients with psychosis? (2) What are the patient- and/or intervention-specific factors that moderate the efficacy of MM? (3) Are improvements on third-wave outcomes associated with improvements on clinical and well-being outcomes? (4) What are the mechanisms underlying the effects of MM? Evidence synthesized from 23 relevant articles (20 studies) involving 1749 patients showed that (1) MM improved a wide range of patients' outcomes, most consistently and sustainably for insight, rehospitalization duration, recovery rate, and social functioning; (2) age and duration of illness, but not the cumulated intervention hours, moderated the overall efficacy of MM; (3) post-MM improvements on mindfulness and on clinical and well-being outcomes were related, and (4) the effects of MM on patients' outcomes may be driven by its ability to promote positive changes in personal growth and enhance one's coping with the illness and its symptoms. Our data showed preliminary support for the benefits of MM in Chinese patients with psychosis. However, results should be considered in light of the varying quality of included studies and their heterogeneity in multiple aspects. Further research is needed to deduce the sustainability of MM's effects, its active ingredients, underlying mechanisms, and additional moderators of its efficacy.
Topics: China; Humans; Meditation; Mindfulness; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 34509897
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.033 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2023Higher education's expectations place demands on students' attainment, leading them to experience stress and anxiety, which negatively affect their academic improvement...
Higher education's expectations place demands on students' attainment, leading them to experience stress and anxiety, which negatively affect their academic improvement and life satisfaction. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate (a) if mindfulness as an inner ability is related to academic attainment, through dependent variables, including compassion, engagement, stress or anxiety state, depression, self-efficacy, mindfulness's facets (non-reactivity, acting with awareness) and (b) if mindfulness-based interventions positively affect the academic performance of college and university students. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Wiley were screened to identify studies published relevant to the topic. In total, 568 papers were retrieved in the initial search. Five papers met the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review: a randomized controlled trial, a non-randomized controlled trial, a quasi-experimental study, a quantitative exploratory pilot study, and a longitudinal randomized controlled study. Most interventional studies revealed a non-significant direct effect of practicing mindfulness technique on academic attainment. Further research, especially randomized controlled trials are necessary to clarify the effect of mindfulness on academic performance of college and university students.
Topics: Humans; Academic Performance; Depression; Mindfulness; Pilot Projects; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stress, Psychological; Students; Universities
PubMed: 37581795
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_20 -
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy May 2022Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed in December 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SciELO, Pepsic, and LILACS databases with no year restrictions. The search strategy included the terms ('mindfulness' OR 'mindfulness-based') AND ('suicide' OR 'suicidal' OR 'suicide risk' OR 'suicide attempt' OR 'suicide ideation' OR 'suicide behavior'). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020219514.
RESULTS
A total of 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies presented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as the MBI assessed (n=10). An emerging and rapidly growing literature on MBI presents promising results in reduction of suicide risk, particularly in patients with MDD. Four studies assessing other MBI treatment protocols (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction; Daily Mindfulness Meditation Practice; Mind Body Awareness and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy) all demonstrated that MBI reduces factors associated with suicide risk.
CONCLUSION
MBI might target specific processes and contribute to suicide risk reduction.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Mindfulness; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34551465
DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0316 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2022Mind-body interventions have shown efficacy in many conditions that have psychosomatic mechanisms, as well as for other pathologies. The aim of this study was to assess... (Review)
Review
Mind-body interventions have shown efficacy in many conditions that have psychosomatic mechanisms, as well as for other pathologies. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of meditation/mindfulness at improving the symptoms severity, quality of life and other associated mood and mental conditions, measured in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A systematic review of randomized controlled trials in adult participants with IBS was conducted. Eight databases were searched for articles. We performed a meta-analysis evaluating the effects of meditation-based therapy on symptomatology, quality of life, anxiety and depression. Out of 604 articles screened, six were selected for quantitative review. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of the mindfulness group and the control group was of -36.95 (95% CI -74.61-0.7), = 0.054 regarding the IBS symptom score; of 12.58 (95% CI 4.42-20.74), = 0.003 regarding the IBS quality of life; SMD = 2.8 (95% CI 1.01-4.6), = 0.002 for spiritual scale; and of 15.49 (95% CI -28.43--2.55), = 0.019 regarding the pain score in IBS. Our study found that the quality of life and the spiritual scale scores (i.e., mindful awareness) were statistically significantly higher in the mindfulness group, while the pain score was statistically significantly lower in the mindfulness group.
PubMed: 36362745
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216516