-
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Jul 2022Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided intranodal forceps biopsy (IFB) is considered complementary to EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) (EBUS-TBNA) for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided intranodal forceps biopsy (IFB) is considered complementary to EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) (EBUS-TBNA) for patients with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy either when additional tissue is requested for comprehensive molecular testing or for suspected lymphoma and sarcoidosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the diagnostic yield and complications of combined EBUS-IFB and EBUS-TBNA compared with EBUS-TBNA alone.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed of Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar for studies evaluating the use of EBUS-IFB for diagnosis of intrathoracic adenopathy, and the quality of each study was assessed using the Quality Assessment, Data abstraction and Synthesis-2 tool. Using inverse variance weighting, a meta-analysis of diagnostic yield estimations was performed. The complications related to the procedure were also reviewed.
RESULTS
Six observational studies with 443 patients undergoing 467 biopsies were included in the final analysis. Meta-analysis yielded a pooled overall diagnostic yield of 67% (312 of 467) for EBUS-TBNA and 92% (428 of 467) for EBUS-TBNA in combination with EBUS-IFB, with an inverse variance-weighted odds ratio of 5.87 (95% confidence interval, 3081 to 9.04; P < .00001) and an I of 15%. The overall complications included pneumomediastinum (1%), bleeding (0.8%), and respiratory failure (0.6%). The funnel plot analysis illustrated no major publication bias. Subgroup analysis showed increased diagnostic yield for lymphoma (86% vs 30%; P = .03) and sarcoidosis (93% vs 58%; P < .00001).
CONCLUSIONS
The addition of EBUS-IFB to EBUS-TBNA improves the overall diagnostic yield of sampling intrathoracic adenopathy when compared with EBUS-TBNA alone. The complication rates of the combined approach are higher than with EBUS-TBNA, but they are reportedly lower than with transbronchial or surgical biopsies.
Topics: Bronchoscopy; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphadenopathy; Lymphoma; Sarcoidosis
PubMed: 33485918
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.12.049 -
CNS Spectrums Feb 2023The aim of this paper is to review evidence on Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) administered via telephone (IPT-T). (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The aim of this paper is to review evidence on Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) administered via telephone (IPT-T).
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of studies published between January 1, 1990 and June 30, 2020, assessing the efficacy of IPT administered by phone, using PubMed.
RESULTS
Originally, we found 60 papers; the final selection led to 13 papers. Six studies were performed using a randomized clinical trial methodology (6/13, 46.2%), three were prospective open-label not randomized studies (3/13, 15.7%), three were pilot studies (3/13, 23.1%), and one was a feasibility/acceptance study (1/13, 7.7%). The number of subjects included in the studies ranged between 14 and 442 (mean: 140.0 ± 124.9), for a total of 1850 patients. The mean age of the enrolled subjects was 47.8 ± 9.3 years (range: 27.4-70.4). Thirty-four different instruments were utilized. Qualitative synthesis was conducted only on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), namely on six studies. RCTs were almost all of good quality (mean score/standard deviation of the RCT-Psychotherapy Quality Rating Scale omnibus rating: 5.6 ± 1.2 points; range: 3-7).
CONCLUSIONS
IPT-T showed response rates similar to IPT administered in the usual way. Results are limited by small samples sizes, selection bias of the less severe depressed patients, and the heterogeneity of rating scales.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Interpersonal Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy; Depression; Telephone; Treatment Outcome; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 34657641
DOI: 10.1017/S1092852921000948 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews... Jul 2023Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer showing poor prognosis. Currently, treatment methods of GBM are limited with adverse outcomes and low... (Review)
Review
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer showing poor prognosis. Currently, treatment methods of GBM are limited with adverse outcomes and low survival rate. Thus, advancements in the treatment of GBM are of utmost importance, which can be achieved in recent decades. However, despite aggressive initial treatment, most patients develop recurrent diseases, and the overall survival rate of patients is impossible to achieve. Currently, researchers across the globe target signaling events along with tumor microenvironment (TME) through different drug molecules to inhibit the progression of GBM, but clinically they failed to demonstrate much success. Herein, we discuss the therapeutic targets and signaling cascades along with the role of the organoids model in GBM research. Moreover, we systematically review the traditional and emerging therapeutic strategies in GBM. In addition, we discuss the implications of nanotechnologies, AI, and combinatorial approach to enhance GBM therapeutics.
Topics: Humans; Glioblastoma; Signal Transduction; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37182666
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188913 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology May 2023Pancreato-biliary and gynecological adenocarcinomas need better tools to predict clinical outcome. Potential prognostic mesenchymal(-like) transcriptome-based subtypes... (Review)
Review
Pancreato-biliary and gynecological adenocarcinomas need better tools to predict clinical outcome. Potential prognostic mesenchymal(-like) transcriptome-based subtypes have been identified in these cancers. In this systematic review, we include studies into molecular subtyping and summarize biological and clinical features of the subtypes within and across sites of origin, searching for suggestions to improve classification and prognostication. PubMed and Embase were searched for original research articles describing potential mesenchymal(-like) mRNA-based subtypes in pancreato-biliary or gynecological adenocarcinomas. Studies limited to supervised clustering were excluded. Fourty-four studies discussing cholangiocarcinomas, gallbladder, ampullary, pancreatic, ovarian, and endometrial adenocarcinomas were included. There was overlap in molecular and clinical features in mesenchymal(-like) subtypes across all adenocarcinomas. Approaches including microdissection were more likely to identify prognosis-associated subtypes. To conclude, molecular subtypes in pancreato-biliary and gynecological adenocarcinomas share biological and clinical characteristics. Furthermore, separation of stromal and epithelial signals should be applied in future studies of biliary and gynecological adenocarcinomas.
Topics: Humans; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Prognosis; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic
PubMed: 37004743
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103982 -
Archives of Oral Biology Apr 2022This living systematic review aims to integrate the morphological and tissue-based molecular characterization of oral lesions occurring in individuals infected by... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This living systematic review aims to integrate the morphological and tissue-based molecular characterization of oral lesions occurring in individuals infected by COVID-19 (OLICs).
MATERIALS AND DESIGN
This study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, and LILACS were searched to identify reports on OLICs with morphological and/or tissue-based molecular data.
RESULTS
Four studies reporting five cases were included. Three patients were male, and the mean age of the individuals was 47.6 years. The most reported anatomical location was the palate (n = 4), whereas ulcers were the most frequent clinical presentation (n = 3). Histopathologically, all cases revealed cell vacuolization and exocytosis in the epithelial layer. In the mesenchymal layer, inflammatory cell infiltrate and thrombi/microvascular thrombosis were observed in three cases. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed in two cases. Both cases were negative for HHV-1, HHV-2, and CMV. One case revealed positivity for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. No other molecular tests were found for the characterization of OLIC.
CONCLUSIONS
The pathological characteristics of OLICs are still unspecific. However, with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and well-documented new cases, whether OLICs are due to coinfections or has a primary origin can be determined.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
PubMed: 35180550
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105374 -
Biochemistry. Biokhimiia Jan 2024Mutations that disrupt the function of the DNA/RNA-binding protein FUS could cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. One of the... (Review)
Review
Mutations that disrupt the function of the DNA/RNA-binding protein FUS could cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. One of the key features in ALS pathogenesis is the formation of insoluble protein aggregates containing aberrant isoforms of the FUS protein in the cytoplasm of upper and lower motor neurons. Reproduction of human pathology in animal models is the main tool for studying FUS-associated pathology and searching for potential therapeutic agents for ALS treatment. In this review, we provide a systematic analysis of the role of FUS protein in ALS pathogenesis and an overview of the results of modelling FUS-proteinopathy in animals.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; RNA-Binding Protein FUS; Motor Neurons; Cytoplasm; Mutation; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38621743
DOI: 10.1134/S0006297924140037 -
Brain Tumor Pathology Jul 2023The WHO 2021 classification defines IDH wild type (IDHw) histologically lower-grade glioma (hLGG) as molecular glioblastoma (mGBM) if TERT promoter mutation (pTERTm),... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The WHO 2021 classification defines IDH wild type (IDHw) histologically lower-grade glioma (hLGG) as molecular glioblastoma (mGBM) if TERT promoter mutation (pTERTm), EGFR amplification or chromosome seven gain and ten loss aberrations are indicated. We systematically reviewed articles of IDHw hLGGs studies (49 studies, N = 3748) and meta-analyzed mGBM prevalence and overall survival (OS) according to the PRISMA statement. mGBM rates in IDHw hLGG were significantly lower in Asian regions (43.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI: 35.8-52.0]) when compared to non-Asian regions (65.0%, [CI: 52.9-75.4]) (P = 0.005) and were significantly lower in fresh-frozen specimen when compared to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples (P = 0.015). IDHw hLGGs without pTERTm rarely expressed other molecular markers in Asian studies when compared to non-Asian studies. Patients with mGBM had significantly longer OS times when compared to histological GBM (hGBM) (pooled hazard ratio (pHR) 0.824, [CI: 0.694-0.98], P = 0.03)). In patients with mGBM, histological grade was a significant prognostic factor (pHR 1.633, [CI: 1.09-2.447], P = 0.018), as was age (P = 0.001) and surgical extent (P = 0.018). Although bias risk across studies was moderate, mGBM with grade II histology showed better OS rates when compared to hGBM.
Topics: Humans; Glioblastoma; Brain Neoplasms; Mutation; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Telomerase; Glioma; Prognosis
PubMed: 37212969
DOI: 10.1007/s10014-023-00463-8 -
Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie,... Dec 2023Lipoedema is a symmetrically localised, painful hypertrophy of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the extremities with marked disproportion to the trunk, and almost...
BACKGROUND
Lipoedema is a symmetrically localised, painful hypertrophy of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the extremities with marked disproportion to the trunk, and almost exclusively affects females. Despite being first described over 80 years ago, the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease are largely unknown and are currently the subject of intensive research efforts.
METHODS
To summarise the current evidence-based literature on the cellular pathologies and aetiology of lipoedema, a PRISMA-based systematic review was conducted within the National Library of Medicine and Cochrane databases.
RESULTS
A total of 53 studies were identified and included in this review. The results were classified and summarised into categories.
CONCLUSION
Although there has been a significant increase in research activity and recent publication of extensive studies with a histological and molecular genetic focus, the fundamental aetiology and pathology of lipoedema remains largely unclear. The current data shows discrepancies across studies, particularly with regard to the "oedematous" component of lipoedema. The frequently present comorbidities "lymphoedema" and "obesity", primarily in advanced stages of lipoedema, complicate the diagnostic differentiation and clear definition of study cohorts in scientific research.
Topics: United States; Female; Humans; Lipedema; Lymphedema; Obesity; Extremities; Pain
PubMed: 37984363
DOI: 10.1055/a-2183-7414 -
The Journal of Pathology. Clinical... May 2021The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2013 Statement was developed to provide guidance for inclusion of key methodological... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2013 Statement was developed to provide guidance for inclusion of key methodological components in clinical trial protocols. However, these standards do not include guidance specific to pathology input in clinical trials. This systematic review aims to synthesise existing recommendations specific to pathology practice in clinical trials for implementation in trial protocol design. Articles were identified from database searches and deemed eligible for inclusion if they contained: (1) guidance and/or a checklist, which was (2) pathology-related, with (3) content relevant to clinical trial protocols or could influence a clinical trial protocol design from a pathology perspective and (4) were published in 1996 or later. The quality of individual papers was assessed using the AGREE-GRS (Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation - Global Rating Scale) tool, and the confidence in cumulative evidence was evaluated using the GRADE-CERQual (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation-Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) approach. Extracted recommendations were synthesised using the best fit framework method, which includes thematic analysis followed by a meta-aggregative approach to synthesis within the framework. Of the 10 184 records screened and 199 full-text articles reviewed, only 40 guidance resources met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. Recommendations extracted from 22 guidance documents were generalisable enough for data synthesis. Seven recommendation statements were synthesised as follows: (1) multidisciplinary collaboration in trial design with early involvement of pathologists, particularly with respect to the use of biospecimens and associated biomarker/analytical assays and in the evaluation of pathology-related parameters; (2) funding and training for personnel undertaking trial work; (3) selection of an accredited laboratory with suitable facilities to undertake scheduled work; (4) quality assurance of pathology-related parameters; (5) transparent reporting of pathology-related parameters; (6) policies regarding informatics and tracking biospecimens across trial sites; and (7) informed consent for specimen collection and retention for future research.
Topics: Biomarkers; Biopsy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Pathology, Clinical; Pathology, Molecular; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Predictive Value of Tests; Research Design; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33635586
DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.199 -
International Journal of Oral and... Jan 2021The purpose of this review was to integrate the clinical, radiological, microscopic, and molecular data of published cherubism cases, in addition to therapeutic...
The purpose of this review was to integrate the clinical, radiological, microscopic, and molecular data of published cherubism cases, in addition to therapeutic approaches, to provide more concise information about the disease. An electronic search was undertaken in September 2019. Eligibility criteria included publications having enough clinical, radiological, and histological information to confirm the diagnosis. A total of 260 publications reporting 513 cherubism cases were included. Familial history was observed in 310/458 cases (67.7%). SH3BP2 mutations were reported in 101/108 cases (93.5%) and mainly occurred at protein residues 415, 418, 419, and 420. Retrospective clinical grading was possible in 175 cases. Advanced clinical grading was associated with tooth agenesis, but not with other clinical, radiological, and genetic features. Specific amino acid substitutions of SH3BP2 mutations were not associated with the clinical grading of the disease. 'Wait and see' was the most common therapeutic approach. In a small number of cases, drugs were used in the treatment, with variable response. In conclusion, there is no clear correlation between the genotype and the phenotype of the disease, but additional genomic and gene expression regulation information is necessary for a better understanding of cherubism.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Cherubism; Humans; Mutation; Phenotype; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32620450
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.05.021