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Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of : a systematic review and meta-analysis.Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Jan 2024The prevalence of diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including , is increasing, necessitating further information to guide prevention, control, and... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The prevalence of diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including , is increasing, necessitating further information to guide prevention, control, and treatment strategies.
AREAS COVERED
A comprehensive analysis of articles published until February 2023 was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to investigate antibiotic resistance in species. Stata software version 17 was employed for all analyses.
EXPERT OPINION
A total of 1647 articles were obtained through database search. After removing duplicates and unrelated studies, 17 cross-sectional studies that examined the breakpoints proposed by CLSI were included. The rates of resistance of to various antibiotics were as follows: clarithromycin (0%), rifampin (1%), amikacin (0%), ciprofloxacin (14%), linezolid (0%), moxifloxacin (0%), rifabutin (1%), doxycycline (96%), and SXT (49%). Our findings underscore the importance of managing and monitoring the use of these antibiotics, as well as the need for further studies to elucidate the exact mechanism of resistance to these antibiotics.
PubMed: 38294514
DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2313051 -
Tuberkuloz Ve Toraks Dec 2023Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause diseases not only in individuals with compromised immune systems but also in those with normal immune function. This study...
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause diseases not only in individuals with compromised immune systems but also in those with normal immune function. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of NTM in Türkiye and worldwide between 2012 and 2022. This study was designed following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedure. A systematic search was conducted between January 2012 and September 2022 using different electronic databases, including Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Ebsco, Scopus, Türk Medline, and Google Scholar. During the literature review process, titles and abstracts were examined and the full texts of the studies were accessed. In 13 research articles from Türkiye included in the study, a total of 17.293 samples were studied and a total of 1304 NTM (7.54%) strains were isolated from these samples. Among the 1304 NTM strains reported from Türkiye, the top three most frequently isolated species were M. abscessus (29.83%), M. lentiflavum (14.97%), M. fortuitum (14.38%). In 35 studies included from around the world, a total of 512.626 samples were studied and a total of 12.631 NTM (2.46%) strains were isolated from these samples. Among the 12631 NTM strains isolated, the top three most frequently isolated species were M. intracellulare (28.13%), M. avium (17.70%) and M. abscessus (14.88%). This study unveiled the global prevalence of NTM-infected patients, detailing species distribution and microbiological diagnostic methods. Variations in NTM spread were observed, influenced by diverse factors.
Topics: Humans; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Prevalence; Turkey
PubMed: 38152011
DOI: 10.5578/tt.20239609 -
European Journal of Clinical... Oct 2023The actual positive rate of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) in patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections remains unclear. This review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The actual positive rate of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) in patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections remains unclear. This review and meta-analysis present the prevalence of positive IGRAs (T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON [QFT] tests) among patients infected with NTM isolates (with or without ESAT-6/CFP-10).
METHODS
Several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched (until June 18th, 2022). Studies that had the following data were included: (1) results of T-SPOT.TB, QuantiFERON (QFT) test, or both, (2) NTM species, and (3) NTM diseases, or NTM colonization. The metaprop command that incorporates a Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation is used for pooling proportions.
RESULTS
A total of 11 articles (n = 929) were deemed eligible for inclusion. Meta-analysis identified that the overall pooled positive and indeterminate rates of IGRA results in patients with NTM infections was 16% and 5%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the positive rate of IGRAs in patients infected with NTM (without ESAT-6/CFP-10) was 7% (95% CI, 1%-18%), and 44% (95%CI, 22%-68%) in patients infected with NTM (with ESAT-6/CFP-10). In addition, the indeterminate rate of QFT (7%, 95% CI: 4%-12%) was higher than that of T-SPOT.TB (0%; 95% CI, 0%-2%) among the overall population with NTM infections.
CONCLUSIONS
The IGRAs have a moderate positive rate for the diagnosis of NTM (expressing ESAT-6/CFP-10) infections, and a significant indeterminate rate is observed among the overall population infected with NTM. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution because of the high heterogeneity among studies.
Topics: Humans; Interferon-gamma Release Tests; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Patients; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37702955
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04662-1 -
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Mar 2020: The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease is increasing worldwide. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
: The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease is increasing worldwide. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the treatment success rate of antibiotic therapy in MAC pulmonary disease and evaluate the effectiveness of aminoglycoside-containing regimens.: We searched literature between 1 January 1980 to 19 June 2019. Studies with diagnosis criteria based on the current guidelines that reported treatment outcomes were included. We defined treatment success as the achievement of culture conversion and completion of the planned treatment without relapse while on treatment.: We retrieved 45 studies including 3862 patients. The estimated pooled treatment success rate was 68.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 64.7-71.4%]. Based on the Cochrane tool, the included studies had a low risk of bias. Forty-two studies reported macrolide-containing regimens, while 6 studies included aminoglycoside-containing regimens. Macrolide-containing regimens led to better treatment success rates comparing to non-macrolide-containing regimens; 69% vs 58.5%, respectively. Treatment duration of 12 months or more showed better results.: Poor treatment success rate of MAC pulmonary disease calls for more randomized clinical trials designed based on consensus definitions of the disease diagnosis and treatment. New drugs with a better adherence rate need to be developed.: PROSPERO (pending registration ID: 151674).
Topics: Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Lung Diseases; Macrolides; Mycobacterium avium Complex; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31986933
DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1720650 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Apr 2020Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing skin disease, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, with poorly understood acquisition risk factors. This review aims at evaluating the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing skin disease, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, with poorly understood acquisition risk factors. This review aims at evaluating the importance of individual-sex, age, family ties with history of BU, gene variants-and clinical-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunization, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection-variables in this process.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed considering the following databases: ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), Current Contents Connect, Embase, MEDLINE, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science. Eligible studies were critically appraised with The Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran Q-test and I2 statistic. Published demographic data was descriptively analysed and clinical data pooled within random-effects modelling for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 29 studies were included in the systematic review. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 case-control studies were selected for meta-analysis. Studies show that BU mainly affects age extremes, more preponderately males among children. Data pooled from RCTs do not reveal BCG to be protective against BU (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.38-1.05; I2 = 56%), a finding case-control studies appear to corroborate. HIV infection (OR = 6.80; 95% CI = 2.33-19.85; I2 = 0%) and SLC11A1 rs17235409 A allele (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.25-2.77; I2 = 0%) are associated with increased prevalence of the disease. No definite conclusions can be drawn regarding the influence of previous family history of BU.
DISCUSSION
While available evidence warrants further robustness, these results have direct implications on current interventions and future research programs, and foster the development of more cost-effective preventive and screening measures.
REGISTRATION
The study was registered at PROSPERO with number CRD42019123611.
Topics: BCG Vaccine; Buruli Ulcer; Databases, Factual; Genetic Variation; HIV Infections; Humans; Medical History Taking; Mycobacterium ulcerans
PubMed: 32267838
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008161 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2021Non-lactational infectious mastitis (NLIM) is an inflammatory breast disease with broad clinical presentation. Inadequate treatment can lead to chronic infections that...
Non-lactational infectious mastitis (NLIM) is an inflammatory breast disease with broad clinical presentation. Inadequate treatment can lead to chronic infections that cause breast deformities. NLIM information is limited, especially in the Americas. A systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted here. Literature search was conducted in three databases (Lilacs, PubMed, and Scielo) on NLIM cases in the Americas. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were extracted. The main characteristics and results were also compared according to the country's gross national income. A total of 47 articles were included, resulting in 93 cases. The etiological agent was described in 86 (92.5%) patients. Bacteria were the most prevalent etiology (73; 84.8%). Amongst bacterial diagnoses, more frequent cases were (28; 38.4%); spp. (15; 20.5%); non-tuberculous mycobacteria (13; 17.8%). The cases were reported in eight different countries, with the USA being the country with the highest number of cases (35; 37.6%). Patients from high-income countries group presented a shorter diagnostic time when compared to low, low-middle, and upper-middle-income countries. A greater number of radiographic studies with pathological findings were described in high-income countries. Non-lactational infectious mastitis is a complex public health problem with diagnostic and treatment challenges. Hence, multi-professional approach-based additional studies are recommended on its epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control.
PubMed: 34422853
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.672513 -
Thorax Nov 2021The heterogeneity in efficacy observed in studies of BCG vaccination is not fully explained by currently accepted hypotheses, such as latitudinal gradient in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
RATIONALE
The heterogeneity in efficacy observed in studies of BCG vaccination is not fully explained by currently accepted hypotheses, such as latitudinal gradient in non-tuberculous mycobacteria exposure.
METHODS
We updated previous systematic reviews of the effectiveness of BCG vaccination to 31 December 2020. We employed an identical search strategy and inclusion/exclusion criteria to these earlier reviews, but reclassified several studies, developed an alternative classification system and considered study demography, diagnostic approach and tuberculosis (TB)-related epidemiological context.
MAIN RESULTS
Of 21 included trials, those recruiting neonates and children aged under 5 were consistent in demonstrating considerable protection against TB for several years. Trials in high-burden settings with shorter follow-up also showed considerable protection, as did most trials in settings of declining burden with longer follow-up. However, the few trials performed in high-burden settings with longer follow-up showed no protection, sometimes with higher case rates in the vaccinated than the controls in the later follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS
The most plausible explanatory hypothesis for these results is that BCG protects against TB that results from exposure shortly after vaccination. However, we found no evidence of protection when exposure occurs later from vaccination, which would be of greater importance in trials in high-burden settings with longer follow-up. In settings of declining burden, most exposure occurs shortly following vaccination and the sustained protection observed for many years thereafter represents continued protection against this early exposure. By contrast, in settings of continued intense transmission, initial protection subsequently declines with repeated exposure to or other pathogens.
Topics: BCG Vaccine; Child; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis; Vaccination
PubMed: 33893231
DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216794 -
JB & JS Open Access 2023Although infection following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is rare, these cases have potentially catastrophic ramifications. Nontuberculous...
UNLABELLED
Although infection following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is rare, these cases have potentially catastrophic ramifications. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous, located in the water supply and soil. Our objective was to review the literature to characterize NTM infection following ACL reconstruction.
METHODS
A database search was performed for arthroscopic ACL reconstructions that resulted in a postoperative diagnosis of NTM infection.
RESULTS
The literature search returned 6 case reports that met the inclusion criteria. The initial postoperative presentation occurred after 3 to 52 weeks, which is consistent with reports of postoperative NTM infection.
CONCLUSIONS
The common indolent course of NTM infection hinders prompt diagnosis and treatment. Organism susceptibility testing is crucial for effective treatment and limiting unnecessary antibiotic exposure.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The duration of medical treatment for NTM infection is 4 to 6 months, depending on the severity of disease and species. Based on the aggregate literature, we recommend removal of local implants if the infection is localized and without articular involvement. However, in cases of articular involvement, all fixation and graft material should be removed.
PubMed: 37123505
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.23.00030 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Nov 2020In industrialized countries, Mycobacterium avium complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are major causes of opportunistic infection-related deaths in HIV... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
In industrialized countries, Mycobacterium avium complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are major causes of opportunistic infection-related deaths in HIV patients. However, in resource-limited regions, data on NTM are scarce, and tuberculosis (TB) was often assumed to be the cause of death in HIV patients with a positive acid-fast smear. We searched MEDLINE and Embase databases for studies on autopsied HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa published between January 1997 and April 2020. We included studies that reported histopathological or microbiological evidences for diagnosis of TB and NTM infection. We excluded articles without mycobacterial evidence from culture or molecular testing, such as those that used verbal autopsy, death certificates, or national registry data (systematic review registration number: CRD42019129836 at PROSPERO). We included six eligible studies that reported 391 autopsies in sub-Saharan African HIV patients. The prevalence of NTM and TB at autopsy ranged from 1.3% to 27.3% and 11.8% to 48.7%, respectively. The weighted prevalence ratio of NTM versus TB was 0.16 indicating that for every seven HIV patients died with mycobacterial infections, there was one died with NTM infection. Of the 13 NTM infections, six were caused by M. avium complex. Mycobacterium avium complex and other NTM infections are important differential diagnoses of TB at the time of death among HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings highlight the need to systematically survey the prevalence of NTM infections among HIV patients seeking medical care in resource-limited regions.
Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; Autopsy; Humans; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Mycobacterium avium Complex; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Prevalence; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 33241786
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0973 -
Heliyon Jun 2024The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease in children is increasing worldwide. The clinical manifestations of pediatric NTM patients are significantly...
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease in children is increasing worldwide. The clinical manifestations of pediatric NTM patients are significantly different from those of adult patients, but the knowledge of the disease is generally poor.
METHODS
English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, BIOSIS) and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfan, VIP) were searched on October 15th, 2022. All the articles of cross-sectional and cohort studies reporting the species composition and lesion site of the NTM disease in children using well-recognized NTM species identification methods were taken into account. Using a random effects model, we assessed the disease lesion sites and the prevalence of different NTM species in pediatric NTM disease. Sources of heterogeneity were analyzed using Cochran's Q and the I statistic. All analyses were performed using CMA V3.0.
RESULTS
The prevalence rates of NTM disease in children ranged between 0.6 and 5.36/100,000 in different countries, and Europe reported the highest prevalence rate. The most common clinical lesion site was lymph node, accounting for 71.1 % (55.0 %-83.2 %), followed by lung (19.3 %, 9.8%-34.4 %)and then skin and soft tissue (16.6 %,13.5%-20.3 %). complex (MAC) was the most isolated NTM pathogen in children, accounting for 54.9 % (39.4%-69.6 %). Inconsistent with adult patients, accounted for a dominant proportion in MAC than .
CONCLUSIONS
The lymph node was the most affected organ in pediatric NTM disease, while was the most isolated pathogenic species in children.
PubMed: 38845977
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31757