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Pharmacological Research Jun 2020Resveratrol, a phytoalexin, is a natural polyphenol synthesized exclusively by plants in response to environmental stresses. However, the molecule has also many...
Resveratrol, a phytoalexin, is a natural polyphenol synthesized exclusively by plants in response to environmental stresses. However, the molecule has also many exogenous bioactivities in animal cells. These bioactivities may lead to anti-cancer and cardio-protective health benefits. Because cellular responses to the treatment with resveratrol include the changes of expression patterns, functional genomics is an attractive tool to study them. In recent and today's experimental practice, this mostly means microarray profiling of gene expression (using RNAs isolated from bulk tissues). Herein, we review such published studies undertaken in the context of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). CVDs are a number one public health problem in developed countries, outweighing in magnitude even cancer. In particular, we review the studies of resveratrol in several animal models relevant to CVDs. These models included: normal and pre-mature aging in mice, as well as atherogenic diet in mice / pigs / non-human primates. Additionally, there were few clinical studies published in the context of the comorbidities of atherosclerosis in humans (e.g. obesity, diabetes, hypertension). For the purposes of these studies, three types of samples were most commonly profiled with microarrays: the liver, the skeletal muscle, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Resveratrol-induced changes of gene expression typically mimicked those associated with calorie restriction and lifespan extension. They also opposed changes induced by the atherogenic diet. We conclude by discussing few experimental factors that were relatively neglected thus far, but which could be interesting to investigate in the future. These factors include sex and the exact formulation of resveratrol (plant extract, or synthetic chemical).
Topics: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks; Genomics; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Liver; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Resveratrol; Species Specificity; Transcriptome
PubMed: 32067842
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104598 -
Value in Health Regional Issues Jul 2024This study aims to systematically collect data on cost-effectiveness analyses that assess technologies to treat type I and II spinal muscular atrophy and evaluate their...
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to systematically collect data on cost-effectiveness analyses that assess technologies to treat type I and II spinal muscular atrophy and evaluate their recommendations.
METHODS
A structured electronic search was conducted in 4 databases. Additionally, a complementary manual search was conducted. Complete economic studies that evaluated nusinersen, risdiplam, onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA), and the best support therapy (BST) from the health system's perspective were selected. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were compared with various thresholds for the analysis. The review was registered a priori in PROSPERO (CRD42022365391).
RESULTS
Twenty studies were included in the analyses. They were all published between 2017 and 2022 and represent the recommendations in 8 countries. Most studies adopted 5, 6, or 10-state Markov models. Some authors took part in multiple studies. Four technologies were evaluated: BST (N = 14), nusinersen (N = 19), risdiplam (N = 5), and OA (N = 9). OA, risdiplam, and nusinersen were considered inefficient compared with the BST. Risdiplam and OA were generally regarded as cost-effective when compared with nusinersen. Because nusinersen is not a cost-effective drug, no recommendation can be derived from this result. Risdiplam and OA were compared in 2 studies that presented opposite results.
CONCLUSIONS
Nusinersen, risdiplam, and OA are being adopted worldwide as a treatment for spinal muscular atrophy. Despite that, the pharmacoeconomic analyses show that the technologies are not cost-effective compared with the BST. The lack of controlled studies for risdiplam and OA hamper any conclusions about their face-to-face comparison.
Topics: Humans; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal; Oligonucleotides; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Azo Compounds; Pyrimidines
PubMed: 38669792
DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2024.02.002