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Journal of Education and Health... 2020Pap smear test is one of the most important actions in preventing cervical cancer. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis on all related literature about the...
CONTEXT
Pap smear test is one of the most important actions in preventing cervical cancer. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis on all related literature about the effects of health belief model (HBM)-based training on Pap smear screening test performance of Iranian women.
METHODS
The search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria were limited to English and Persian language articles with experimental or semi-experimental methods until October 2019 that evaluated the effect of HBM-based training on Iranian women's performance of Pap smear test. We excluded studies that used both cervical and breast cancer screening together.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were performed on totally 1605 participants. This meta-analysis showed that all of Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs improved significantly among HBM-based trained women, perceived susceptibility (standard mean division [SMD] =0.785; = 0.002; confidence interval [CI] = 0.005 to 1.56; Heterogeneity; = 0.013; = 97%)., perceived severity (SMD = 1.14; = 0.001; CI = 0.66-1.62; heterogeneity; < 0.001; = 92%), perceived benefits (SMD = 1.25; = 0.001; CI = 0.545-0.135 heterogeneity; = 0.003; = 97%), perceived barrier (SMD = 0.20; = 0.001; CI = 0.44-1.24; heterogeneity; < 0.001; = 92%) and perceived self-efficacy (SMD = 0.638; < 0.001; CI =1.76-0.426; heterogeneity; < 0.001; = 97%).
CONCLUSION
Cervical screening education program based on the HBM can be effective on Iranian women's performance in their perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, and perceived self-efficacy about Pap smear test.
PubMed: 32953907
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_684_19 -
Preventive Medicine Jun 2020Cervical cancer mortality in the United Kingdom (UK) has decreased over the last decade, largely due to uptake of cervical cancer screening. However, only those with a...
Cervical cancer mortality in the United Kingdom (UK) has decreased over the last decade, largely due to uptake of cervical cancer screening. However, only those with a female gender marker on their health records are invited, creating a significant barrier to gender minorities accessing screening. We undertook a systematic review to synthesise published literature on cervical cancer screening among eligible gender minorities, aiming to identify barriers and facilitators that might inform changes in UK policy and clinical practice. We conducted a broad search across Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and Global Health databases to 3rd January 2020 and included any original, peer-reviewed research, published in the English language that reported on cervical cancer screening among gender minorities assigned female at birth (AFAB). Twenty-seven studies were critically appraised and included in the final synthesis, which identified significant disparities in cervical cancer screening uptake between gender minorities AFAB and cis women. It revealed a lack of knowledge surrounding the relationship between gender minority status and cervical cancer risk among both service users and providers and highlighted significant barriers to access for gender minorities AFAB. Cervical cancer screening was not universally associated with dysphoria among gender minorities AFAB and we recommend that providers explore patients' preferences around screening, while avoiding assumptions. Providers should be proficient in examination techniques that maximise patient autonomy and minimise gender dysphoria or pain. Self-swabs for high-risk HPV may provide a more acceptable, evidence-based, alternative to Pap smears but there remains a need for further UK-specific research, to inform changes in policy.
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Male; Papanicolaou Test; Sexual and Gender Minorities; United Kingdom; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 32243938
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106071 -
Journal of Women's Health (2002) Dec 2019Incarcerated women often access health care primarily through contact with correctional systems. Cervical cancer screening within the correctional system can address...
Incarcerated women often access health care primarily through contact with correctional systems. Cervical cancer screening within the correctional system can address the preventable outcome of cervical dysplasia and cancer in this high-risk population. A search of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted for articles published between January, 1966 and December, 2018. All studies on a population of jailed or incarcerated females and at least one of the following outcomes: cervical cancer or dysplasia, pap smear screening, knowledge about screening, treatment of cervical dysplasia, and compliance with follow-up were analyzed. Forty-two studies met inclusion criteria. All 21 studies with prevalence outcomes described a higher prevalence of cervical dysplasia and cancer in the women involved with corrections, compared to a variety of different sources that served as community control groups. The data on screening outcomes were inconsistent. Follow-up compliance for abnormal results was poor, with a study finding that only 21% of women were rescreened within 6 months of the recommended time period. Knowledge about cervical cancer and screening was evaluated in eight studies and was poor across all studies. Women involved in correctional systems have a higher prevalence of cervical dysplasia and cancer than women in the general population. Acceptance of screening varies, and no published interventions have been shown to improve screening within the prison system. Treatment and compliance with follow-up recommendations are extremely poor and should be a focus of future research.
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Papanicolaou Test; Prevalence; Prisoners; Prisons; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Smears
PubMed: 30939063
DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7440 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... May 2020Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing may be feasible for primary cervical cancer screening in low-resource countries.
BACKGROUND
Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing may be feasible for primary cervical cancer screening in low-resource countries.
OBJECTIVE
To compare self-sampling by women with clinician-performed sampling for HPV testing in Africa.
SEARCH STRATEGY
MEDLINE, Google scholar, EMBASE, and several journals were searched from 2000 until 2015 using relevant terms.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Selected studies compared self-sampled and clinician-sampled HPV tests.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data extraction forms included description of the type of HPV screening, description of any additional intervention components, study design, sample size, follow-up periods, analytic approach, reported numerical outcomes, results, and limitations.
RESULTS
Twenty-five studies were identified. Women of a wide age range were successful at self-sampling in many African countries. More than 95% of self-samples yielded HPV DNA results. The concordance in test results between self-collected samples and clinician-collected samples was reasonably high in most studies. In all studies, the quality of cytology from self-sampling matched that of clinician-sampling. Women were generally positive about self-collection, but noted some concerns.
CONCLUSION
Self-sampling for HPV DNA testing seems to represent a feasible alternative to the Pap test. Further research is needed to provide a solid evidence base to inform using of self-sampling for HPV DNA testing for primary cervical cancer screening.
Topics: Adult; Africa; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Self Care; Specimen Handling; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 32037532
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13112 -
Acta Cytologica 2023The WHO Reporting System for Pancreaticobiliary Cytopathology revised the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology guidelines in alignment with the WHO classification of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Diagnostic Performance of Bile Duct Brush Cytology with Risk of Malignancy of Standardized Categories in the Wake of World Health Organization Reporting System for Pancreaticobiliary Cytopathology: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
INTRODUCTION
The WHO Reporting System for Pancreaticobiliary Cytopathology revised the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology guidelines in alignment with the WHO classification of digestive system tumors, 5th edition. The current systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted to accurately assess the performance of bile duct brush cytology and report the risk of malignancy (ROM) of each standard category by following the guidelines of diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.
METHODS
Medline/Pubmed and Cochrane databases were searched till June 8, 2023, with a strategy that included target site (pancreaticobiliary and related terms), diagnostic method (bile duct brushing and related terms), and keywords for diagnostic performance (for Cochrane database). Inclusion criteria included studies that have assessed bile duct cytology (BDC) for pancreaticobiliary duct stricture with a sample size of over 50, provided cytological diagnoses similar to the WHO system with details to deduce true positives, true negatives, false positives, and false negatives through subsequent final diagnoses (benign vs. malignant). The exclusion criteria were the fewer sample size, assessment through other cytological categories, limited data, and clinical setting. Two authors independently reviewed the result of the search strategy. The quality of the selected articles was assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. Bivariate random-effects model was used to get the pooled sensitivity and specificity. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed using I-squared statistics, and potential sources were found using meta-regression. Pooled and a range of ROM in each category was analyzed.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies were included with 4,398 bile duct brushings. The pooled sensitivity is 0.437 (95% CI: 0.371-0.504), and the pooled specificity is 0.972 (95% CI: 0.943-0.987). The ROM in various categories are as follows: inadequate/nondiagnostic: 23-100% (pooled: 50.15%), benign/negative for malignancy: 22-70% (38%), atypical: 0-95% (66%), suspicious for malignancy: 74-100% (89%), malignant: 91-100% (98%).
CONCLUSION
Even with standard cytological categories, the sensitivity of BDC remains low. The review has analyzed and discussed potential causes of heterogeneity that will be helpful for future diagnostic studies.
Topics: Humans; Bile Ducts; Cytodiagnosis; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 37879315
DOI: 10.1159/000534764 -
Health Care For Women International 2024We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of screening cervical cancer tests as alternative standalone methods. The combined estimates... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of screening cervical cancer tests as alternative standalone methods. The combined estimates of sensitivity of visual inspection with acetic acid, visual inspection with lugol's iodine, conventional pap smear, liquid-based cytology, High risk HPV testing by clinician, High risk HPV testing by self- sampling, cervicography were 64%, 80%, 55%, 70%, 70% and 67% respectively; the combine values of specificity of these screening strategies were 88%, 88%, 96%, 59%, 94%, and 95% respectively. Our findings draw attention to an attractive opinion to facilitate the collection of specimens for DNA HPV by patients in settings where they don't have access to a regular screening programs.
Topics: Female; Humans; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Vaginal Smears; Early Detection of Cancer; Papillomavirus Infections; Mass Screening; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 35084291
DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1998059 -
International Journal of STD & AIDS Nov 2019
Meta-Analysis
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cervix Uteri; Condylomata Acuminata; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Papanicolaou Test; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Uterine Cervical Diseases; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Smears
PubMed: 31640474
DOI: 10.1177/0956462418824441