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Journal of Occupational Health 2023To assess the prevalence of bullying in medical residents and its associated factors. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of bullying in medical residents and its associated factors.
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, PsycInfo, Cochrane databases, and Web of Science were searched. Published and unpublished cross-sectional studies were included. Cochrane's Q test and I statistics were used to assess the existence of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed on evidence of heterogeneity. Egger's test and funnel plots were performed to investigate publication bias.
RESULTS
A total of 13 cross-sectional studies with a total of 44 566 study participants from different medical residencies were analyzed. The overall prevalence of bullying was 51% (95% CI 36-66). Furthermore, female residents and residents that belong to a minority group had higher odds of experiencing bullying compared to their peers.
CONCLUSION
A high prevalence of bullying in medical residents exists around the world. There is a need for education, dissemination, and more effective interventions among the residents and authorities about bullying to build and promote adequate behaviors and diminish bullying prevalence.
Topics: Humans; Female; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Internship and Residency; Research Design
PubMed: 37443455
DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12418 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023The performance in evaluating thyroid nodules on ultrasound varies across different risk stratification systems, leading to inconsistency and uncertainty regarding... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The performance in evaluating thyroid nodules on ultrasound varies across different risk stratification systems, leading to inconsistency and uncertainty regarding diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.
OBJECTIVE
Comparing diagnostic performance of detecting thyroid cancer among distinct ultrasound risk stratification systems proposed in the last five years.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
Systematic search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to find relevant research up to December 8, 2022, whose study contents contained elucidation of diagnostic performance of any one of the above ultrasound risk stratification systems (European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System[Eu-TIRADS]; American College of Radiology TIRADS [ACR TIRADS]; Chinese version of TIRADS [C-TIRADS]; Computer-aided diagnosis system based on deep learning [S-Detect]). Based on golden diagnostic standard in histopathology and cytology, single meta-analysis was performed to obtain the optimal cut-off value for each system, and then network meta-analysis was conducted on the best risk stratification category in each system.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
This network meta-analysis included 88 studies with a total of 59,304 nodules. The most accurate risk category thresholds were TR5 for Eu-TIRADS, TR5 for ACR TIRADS, TR4b and above for C-TIRADS, and possible malignancy for S-Detect. At the best thresholds, sensitivity of these systems ranged from 68% to 82% and specificity ranged from 71% to 81%. It identified the highest sensitivity for C-TIRADS TR4b and the highest specificity for ACR TIRADS TR5. However, sensitivity for ACR TIRADS TR5 was the lowest. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under curve (AUC) were ranked first in C-TIRADS.
CONCLUSION
Among four ultrasound risk stratification options, this systemic review preliminarily proved that C-TIRADS possessed favorable diagnostic performance for thyroid nodules.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, CRD42022382818.
Topics: Humans; Thyroid Nodule; Network Meta-Analysis; Thyroid Neoplasms; Area Under Curve
PubMed: 37720531
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1227339 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Nov 2023There is no consensus on the role of surgery in the treatment of chronic rhinitis (CR). Should it be considered when nasal symptoms are not controlled by medical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
There is no consensus on the role of surgery in the treatment of chronic rhinitis (CR). Should it be considered when nasal symptoms are not controlled by medical treatment? Various targets (turbinates and secretory nerves) and techniques (surgical, laser, cryotherapy, radiofrequency and phototherapy) have been reported, but benefit varies between reports. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate results of surgical and instrumental procedures in CR care.
METHODS
Two systematic reviews of the US National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases were conducted in October 15, 2021 (registration numbers CRD42021284257 and CRD42021295227). A database watch was performed until submission of the manuscript. The review focuses on total nasal symptom score (TNSS) and quality of life (QoL) after treatment. All controlled studies reporting nasal surgery/instrumental procedures in adult patients with CR were included.
RESULTS
The database search yielded a total of 5628 articles; after eligibility screening, 2091 patients were included from 21 studies. QoL results favored surgery/instrumental procedures over medical treatment (SMD -1.27; 95% CI [-2.38; -0.16]; I=97%), as did TNSS (SMD -1.40; 95% CI [-2.30; -0.50]; I=98%). The small number of studies and their heterogeneity did not allow meta-regression to be performed.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review supports the use of surgical/instrumental procedures to improve nasal symptom score and QoL of adult patients with CR poorly controlled by medical treatment.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Rhinitis; Quality of Life; Research Design; Nose; Rhinitis, Allergic
PubMed: 37867008
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2023.10.009 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Nov 2022: Pregnancies that occur with an intrauterine device (IUD) in situ are at increased risk for developing severe conditions which may affect the fetus and the mother. The... (Review)
Review
: Pregnancies that occur with an intrauterine device (IUD) in situ are at increased risk for developing severe conditions which may affect the fetus and the mother. The incidence of such adverse consequences significantly drops after device removal. A scoping review of the literature was performed to highlight the risks, benefits, and outcomes of hysteroscopic removal of intrauterine devices in early pregnancy. : PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. The review included all reports from 1990 to October 2022. The research strategy adopted included different combinations of the following terms: ("hysteroscopy") AND ("pregnancy") AND ("intrauterine device" or "IUD") AND ("intrauterine system" or "IUS"). A scoping review of the hysteroscopic removal of IUDs during pregnancy was performed. All studies identified were listed by citation, title, authors, and abstract. Duplicates were identified by an independent manual screening performed by two researchers and then removed. For the eligibility process, two authors independently screened the titles and abstracts of all non-duplicated papers and excluded those not pertinent to the topic. : PRISMA guidelines were followed. Nine manuscripts were detected, accounting for 153 patients. Most IUD removals occurred during the first trimester of pregnancy. Most of the time, the procedure was safe and without consequences. : This review highlights the safety and efficacy of operative hysteroscopy as a method of IUD removal in early pregnancy. We recommend using a 3 to 5 mm hysteroscope, avoiding cervical dilation, and maintaining low infusion pressure during the procedure to avoid potential damage to the gestational sac and IUD fragment displacement. Heating the distension media to 30 °C should be considered.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Hysteroscopy; Research Design; Fetus
PubMed: 36422228
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111688 -
World Journal of Emergency Surgery :... Jan 2023A series of randomized controlled trials have investigated the efficacy and safety of different timings of interventions and methods of intervention. However, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
A series of randomized controlled trials have investigated the efficacy and safety of different timings of interventions and methods of intervention. However, the optimal treatment strategy is not yet clear.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Library until November 30, 2022. A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis were performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Trials comparing different treatment strategies for necrotizing pancreatitis were included. This study was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42022364409) to ensure transparency.
RESULTS
We analyzed a total of 10 studies involving 570 patients and 8 treatment strategies. Although no statistically significant differences were identified comparing odds ratios, trends were confirmed by the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) scores. The interventions with a low rate of mortality were delayed surgery (DS), delayed surgical step-up approach (DSU) and delayed endoscopic step-up approach (DEU), while the interventions with a low rate of major complications were DSU, DEU and DS. According to the clustered ranking plot, DSU performed the best overall in reducing mortality and major complications, while DD performed the worst. Analysis of the secondary endpoints confirmed the superiority of DEU and DSU in terms of individual components of major complications (organ failure, pancreatic fistula, bleeding, and visceral organ or enterocutaneous fistula), exocrine insufficiency, endocrine insufficiency and length of stay. Overall, DSU was superior to other interventions.
CONCLUSION
DSU was the optimal treatment strategy for necrotizing pancreatitis. Drainage alone should be avoided in clinical practice. Any interventions should be postponed for at least 4 weeks if possible. The step-up approach was preferred.
Topics: Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Bayes Theorem; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; Drainage
PubMed: 36707836
DOI: 10.1186/s13017-023-00479-7 -
BMJ Open Nov 2023The optimal puncture technique for neuraxial anaesthesia in different populations is unclear. We sought to obtain data from randomised controlled trials comparing the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
The optimal puncture technique for neuraxial anaesthesia in different populations is unclear. We sought to obtain data from randomised controlled trials comparing the impact of ultrasound-guided technology and traditional positioning technology on the success rate of neuraxial anaesthesia.
DESIGN
Systematic review and network meta-analysis using study populations, interventions, intervention comparisons, outcome measures and study types.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of science were searched until 31 September 2022.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials comparing three types of neuraxial anaesthesia: ultrasound-assisted, ultrasound real-time guidance and conventional positioning to describe which neuraxial anaesthesia modality is best for patients and to recommend the appropriate one for different populations.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Five independent reviewers retrieved, screened and edited included studies using standardised methods. Assess risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration and Evidence Project tools. Network meta-analysis was performed using STATA V.15 statistical software.
RESULTS
Twenty-two studies containing three different interventions were included. The SUCRA values of first-pass success rates for the three neuraxial anaesthesia methods were real-time guidance (82.8%), ultrasound-assisted (67.1%) and traditional positioning (0.1%). Both ultrasound techniques improved first-pass success rates compared with traditional localization, but there was no significant difference between the two. Subgroup analysis showed that the use of real-time ultrasound guidance for neuraxial anaesthesia in pregnant and patients with obesity improved first-pass success rates. Ultrasound-assisted technology can improve first-attempt success rates in older patients with abnormal lumbar spine anatomy.
CONCLUSION
Compared with conventional positioning, ultrasound guidance technology can improve the first-pass success rate of neuraxial anaesthesia, but there is no significant difference between ultrasound-assisted and real-time guidance technology. The results of subgroup analysis tell us that the most suitable neuraxial anaesthesia method is different for different groups of people.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
PROSPERO number: CRD42022376041.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Network Meta-Analysis; Spinal Puncture; Anesthesia, Epidural; Lumbar Vertebrae; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 37918920
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071253 -
Medicine Sep 2020Unintended pregnancy is popular all over the world, accounting for 40% to 50% of all pregnancies. The condition not only exerts pressure on the relationship of couples... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Unintended pregnancy is popular all over the world, accounting for 40% to 50% of all pregnancies. The condition not only exerts pressure on the relationship of couples and severely impacts the quality of life, but also imposes a heavy burden on the health of women and child. Recently, more than 220 million couples have chosen to be sterilized to obtain contraception, 47.3% of married couples select sterilization, of which vasectomy accounts for 17.1%. Vasectomy is currently the most convenient and effective method of male contraception. We will perform the systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the correlation between vasectomy and male sex dysfunction and provide evidence-based evidence for the couple METHODS:: The electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Clinicaltrials.org., China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wan fang Database, China Biology Medicine Database (CBM), VIP Science Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and Cochrane Library will be retrieved before November 20, 2021. We will search English literature and Chinese literature with proper Medical Subject Heading or text key words. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 will be used for Systematic review and Meta-analysis. This protocol reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement, and we will report the systematic review by following the PRISMA statement.
CONCLUSION AND DISSEMINATION
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vasectomy on the sexual function of patients after operation. The results will be published in a public issue journal to provide evidence-based medical evidence for urologists and andrologists to make clinical decisions.
REGISTRATION INFORMATION
INPLASY202080014.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Mental Health; Postoperative Complications; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological; Vasectomy
PubMed: 32925772
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022149 -
Journal of Tissue Viability May 2023The aim of this network meta-analysis is to analyze the difference in therapeutic effects between moist dressings and traditional dressings in the treatment of pressure... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIMS
The aim of this network meta-analysis is to analyze the difference in therapeutic effects between moist dressings and traditional dressings in the treatment of pressure injury (PI), explore the healing, healing time, direct cost, and number of dressing changes of different moist dressings for the management of pressure injuries.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of pressure injury is high and the burden of disease is high, but there is no consensus on how to choose moist dressing treatment.
DESIGN
A systematic review with network meta-analysis was performed.
DATA SOURCES
We searched the Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP database, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE.com, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and CINAHL to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of PI with moist dressings.
REVIEW METHODS
R studio software and Stata 16.0 software were used to compare different moist dressings and traditional dressings.
RESULTS
41 RCTs of moist dressings in the treatment of PI were included. A total of seven kinds of moist dressings, Vaseline gauze and traditional gauze dressing were involved. All RCTs were at a medium to high risk of bias. Overall, moist dressings had more advantages than traditional dressings in terms of various outcome indicators.
CONCLUSION
The effect of moist dressings in treating PI is more advantageous than traditional dressings. However, in terms of direct cost and the number of dressings changes, more research is needed to improve the credibility of the network meta-analysis. The results of the network meta-analysis show that the silver ion dressing and alginate dressing are the best choices in the treatment of PI.
NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
This study is a network meta-analysis, which does not require the participation of patients and the public.
Topics: Humans; Pressure Ulcer; Network Meta-Analysis; Bandages; Wound Healing; Surgical Wound Infection
PubMed: 37012120
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2023.03.003 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jan 2024The multifactorial aspect of malocclusions and their consequences on ingestion function is rarely described in the literature. The aims of this review are (i) to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The multifactorial aspect of malocclusions and their consequences on ingestion function is rarely described in the literature. The aims of this review are (i) to investigate the relationship between oral ingestion and malocclusion and (ii) to gather malocclusion tools that could help screen subjects at risk of malocclusion-related ingestion disorders.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P 2015) guidelines. The analysis methods and inclusion criteria have been documented in a protocol published in the Prospective International Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration number CRD42023395840. The bibliographic search involved the PubMed®, Cochrane and PROSPERO databases.
RESULTS
A total of 29 articles published between 2007 and 2023 were retained by the search criteria for the qualitative synthesis. Twenty of the studies found that the severity of malocclusion has a negative impact on oral ingestion. This review highlights that malocclusion and ingestion impairments are associated but it is not possible to determine causality due to the observational approach of many of the studies.
CONCLUSION
Malocclusion has a negative impact on ingestion function. During orthodontic consultations, particular interest should be directed towards chewing, biting, and swallowing disorders, which can affect patients' nutritional status. This review offers arguments for designing further studies assessing the extent to which malocclusions may affect nutritional status.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Orthodontic treatment should focus on improving patients' ingestion.
Topics: Humans; Malocclusion; Mastication; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Prospective Studies; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 38265668
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05508-6 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2023With the advancement of spatial analysis approaches, methodological research addressing the technical and statistical issues related to joint spatial and spatiotemporal... (Review)
Review
With the advancement of spatial analysis approaches, methodological research addressing the technical and statistical issues related to joint spatial and spatiotemporal models has increased. Despite the benefits of spatial modelling of several interrelated outcomes simultaneously, there has been no published systematic review on this topic, specifically when such models would be useful. This systematic review therefore aimed at reviewing health research published using joint spatial and spatiotemporal models. A systematic search of published studies that applied joint spatial and spatiotemporal models was performed using six electronic databases without geographic restriction. A search with the developed search terms yielded 4077 studies, from which 43 studies were included for the systematic review, including 15 studies focused on infectious diseases and 11 on cancer. Most of the studies (81.40%) were performed based on the Bayesian framework. Different joint spatial and spatiotemporal models were applied based on the nature of the data, population size, the incidence of outcomes, and assumptions. This review found that when the outcome is rare or the population is small, joint spatial and spatiotemporal models provide better performance by borrowing strength from related health outcomes which have a higher prevalence. A framework for the design, analysis, and reporting of such studies is also needed.
Topics: Bayes Theorem; Incidence; Research Design; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37047911
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075295