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International Dental Journal Oct 2021Because of the heterogeneous nature of the evidence regarding dentists' job satisfaction, an overview was necessary to examine dentists' level of job satisfaction and to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Because of the heterogeneous nature of the evidence regarding dentists' job satisfaction, an overview was necessary to examine dentists' level of job satisfaction and to determine related work environmental factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search was conducted using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic database searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science were performed until March 1, 2020. Two independent authors collected data and assessed the methodological quality of primary studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS
Nine studies were included from the 1987 initially retrieved. Among the included studies, 5 exhibited a neutral level of satisfaction and originated from China, South Korea, Egypt, and the United States, and 3 studies from Canada, Lithuania, and the United States showed a high level of satisfaction. Only 1 study did not report the mean job satisfaction score. According to bias evaluation, 9 studies were considered low risk.
CONCLUSION
The findings showed that dentists were satisfied with their jobs at a moderate to high level, and specialists were more satisfied than general dentists. Regarding work environmental factors, the 6 most satisfied factors were patient relationships, respect, delivery of care, staff, professional relationship, and professional environment. Five of the least satisfied factors were personal time, stress, income, practice management, and professional time. However, longitudinal studies would be required to identify changes in these factors. Further studies should be performed in middle- and low-income countries using the Dentist Satisfaction Survey, including stress evaluation.
Topics: Dentists; Humans; Income; Job Satisfaction; Republic of Korea; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33612262
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.018 -
Knowledge and Attitude of Dentists Toward Geriatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus Nov 2023The knowledge and attitude of dentists toward geriatric patients are crucial for providing optimal oral healthcare to this growing population. This systematic review and... (Review)
Review
The knowledge and attitude of dentists toward geriatric patients are crucial for providing optimal oral healthcare to this growing population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between dental professionals' experience and their knowledge and attitude scores toward geriatric patients. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases to identify relevant epidemiological and cross-sectional studies. The selected studies underwent a rigorous screening process, and data extraction was performed systematically. The Assessment of the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Three studies were ultimately selected for further analysis. For dental professionals with less than five years of experience, no significant association was found between knowledge scores and experience (odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.71 to 1.41). However, dental professionals with 5 to 10 years, greater than 10 years, and greater than 15 years of experience showed a statistically significant association between knowledge scores and experience (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.77; OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.89; OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.79, respectively). The overall analysis indicated a significantly positive association between knowledge scores and experience among dental professionals (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.59 to 0.78). The findings provide evidence of a positive association between dental professionals' experience and their knowledge and attitude scores toward geriatric patients. The findings highlight the importance of experience in enhancing dental professionals' understanding and approach to geriatric dental care. These results have implications for improving dental education, training, and policy development to better address the oral health needs of older adults.
PubMed: 38060704
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48339 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2021Rett Syndrome is an x linked developmental disorder which becomes apparent in females after 6 to 18 months of age. It leads to severe impairments including loss of... (Review)
Review
Rett Syndrome is an x linked developmental disorder which becomes apparent in females after 6 to 18 months of age. It leads to severe impairments including loss of speech, loss of hand movements/manual dexterity, characteristic hand movements such as hang wringing and intellectual disability/learning problems. This systematic review was carried out to identify the dental manifestation of Rett syndrome and to shed light on treatment options available for oral health problems associated with Rett syndrome. A systematic literature search was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, Biomed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholars, Cochrane and CINAHL using the following entries: Rett syndrome ( = 3790), Oral health and Rett syndrome ( = 17), dental health of Rett syndrome patients ( = 13), and the MeSH terms listed below: Rett syndrome and Oral Health ( = 17), Rett syndrome and dentistry ( = 29). The final review included 22 search articles. The most common oral findings was bruxism. Masseteric hypertrophy was also reported. Anterior open bite and non-physiological tooth wear was observed. Other oral manifestations of Rett syndrome included mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, digit/thumb sucking, high arch palate. Increased awareness and dental education amongst dentists and assistants regarding the dental manifestations of Rett syndrome and similar neurodevelopmental disorders is required to improve the level of care and empathy they can provide to these differently able patients. Research on dental aspects of Rett is scarce and this remains a neglected topic.
Topics: Bruxism; Female; Hand; Humans; Rett Syndrome; Speech
PubMed: 33525609
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031162 -
Journal of the American Dental... Feb 2022The primary objective of this systematic review was to answer the following question systematically: Is there any association between primary headaches (PHs) and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The primary objective of this systematic review was to answer the following question systematically: Is there any association between primary headaches (PHs) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in adults?
TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED
The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. The authors performed the search in 6 main databases and 3 gray literature sources. The included articles had to have adult samples. PHs must have been diagnosed using the International Classification of Headache Disorders, and TMDs must have been diagnosed using Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, or International Classification of Orofacial Pain. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument tools. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software, Version 5.4. Certainty of evidence was screened according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.
RESULTS
Nine of 2,574 articles reviewed met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis and, of these, 7 met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) for painful TMD and tension-type headache (OR, 1.94 [95% CI, 0.56 to 6.76] to OR, 7.61 [95% CI, 1.84 to 31.48]), migraines (OR, 4.14 [95% CI, 1.38 to 12.43] to OR, 5.44 [95% CI, 3.61 to 8.21]), and chronic headaches (OR, 40.40 [95% CI, 8.67 to 188.15] to OR, 95.93 [95% CI, 12.53 to 734.27]) were calculated. Articular TMDs without pain were evaluated in 2 articles, and both did not show positive association with tension-type headache nor migraine. Three studies were classified as moderate risk of bias and 6 as low risk of bias. The certainty of evidence varied between very low and low.
CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
Recognizing the positive association between painful TMD and PHs can help dentists and physicians treat the pain and avoid it, or recommend the patient to a specialist.
Topics: Adult; Facial Pain; Headache; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Tension-Type Headache
PubMed: 34649707
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2021.07.021 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is an umbrella term that encompasses many musculoskeletal problems that include the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint,... (Review)
Review
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is an umbrella term that encompasses many musculoskeletal problems that include the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint, and other associated structures. TMD can be divided into two large groups: those that affect the musculature and those that affect the joint. The treatment of TMD requires the combined skills of physiotherapists and dentists, as well as sometimes psychologists and other medical specialists. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the interdisciplinary approach using physiotherapy and dental techniques on pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This is a Scoping Review of studies investigating the effects of combined therapy on patients with TMD. PRISMA guidelines were followed during this review's design, search, and reporting stages. The search was carried out in the MEDLINE, CINHAL, and EMBASE databases. A total of 1031 studies were detected and analyzed by performing the proposed searches in the detailed databases. After removing duplicates and analyzing the titles and abstracts of the remaining articles, six studies were ultimately selected for this review. All the included studies showed a positive effect on pain decreasing after a combined intervention. The interdisciplinary approach characterized by the combination of manual therapy and splint or electrotherapy can positively influence the perceived symptoms; positively decrease pain; and reduce disability, occlusal impairments, and perception of change.
Topics: Humans; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Pain; Temporomandibular Joint; Physical Therapy Modalities; Musculoskeletal Manipulations
PubMed: 36833474
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042777 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2022(1) Background and objective: Tooth movements described as unexplained, aberrant, unexpected, unwanted, or undesirable can occur in the presence of an intact orthodontic... (Review)
Review
(1) Background and objective: Tooth movements described as unexplained, aberrant, unexpected, unwanted, or undesirable can occur in the presence of an intact orthodontic retention wire, without detachment or fracture. This iatrogenic phenomenon, known little or not by many practitioners, responsible for significant dental and periodontal complications, both functional and aesthetic, is called "Wire Syndrome" (WS). It is therefore considered an undesirable event of bonded orthodontic retainers, which must be differentiated from an orthodontic relapse. The objective was to perform, for the first time, a systematic review of the literature in order to define the prevalence of WS and to study its associated clinical characteristics. (2) Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed following the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and recommendations using an electronic search strategy on four databases complemented by a manual search. All the prospective and retrospective clinical studies, including case reports and series, written in English or French, clearly mentioning the description, detection, or management of WS were included. Three independent blinding review authors were involved in study selection, data extraction, and bias assessment using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). (3) Results: Of 1891 results, 20 articles published between 2007 and 2021 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with a globally high risk of bias since 16 articles were case report/series. The analysis of each article allowed the highlighting of WS through 13 categories, as follows: prevalence, apparition delay, patient characteristics, arch and tooth involved, families of movements, dental and periodontal consequences, type of wire, risk factors, etiologies, treatment, and preventive approach. (4) Conclusion: This systematic review of the literature elaborated a synthesis on WS, allowing general practitioners, periodontists, and orthodontists to understand this adverse event, to facilitate the diagnostic approach, and to underline preventive measures against WS. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; number CRD42021269297).
PubMed: 35206992
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020379 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2024The oral cavity is a link between of external environment with gastrointestinal tract. Studies are controversial on the presence of Periodontal Disease (PD) and its... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The oral cavity is a link between of external environment with gastrointestinal tract. Studies are controversial on the presence of Periodontal Disease (PD) and its association with Gastric Adenocarcinoma (GAC).
METHODS
The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to verify the association between PD and GAC. Six electronic databases were evaluated between 1961 and 2022. Titles and abstracts were reviewed independently according to the eligibility criteria, assessing full texts of selected studies. The quality of the included research was verified using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case-control and cohort studies. Statistical analyses were performed based on fixed and/or random effects models to calculate the summarized Relative Risk (RR) and its 95 % Confidence Interval (95 % CI).
RESULTS
There were 639 studies, of which nine articles were included (3 case-controls and 6 cohorts). Overall, the authors identified 1,253 cases of GAC 2,501 controls in case-control studies, and 1,631 patients with GAC enrolled in cohort studies. Patients presenting PD increased the risk of developing GAC by 17 % (RR=1.17; 95 % CI 1.03‒1.32), which remained regardless of the diagnostic method for PD, i.e., clinical examination (RR = 1.19; 95 % CI 1.14‒1.24) and self-report (RR = 1.34; 95 % CI 1.06‒1.69). Moreover, Asian patients (RR=1.17; 95 % CI 1.00‒1.36) with PD had a higher risk of having GAC than American and European patients (RR = 1.18; 95 % CI 0.84‒1.66).
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of PD the risk of GAC suggesting that its infectious-inflammatory process of PD may be related to GAC development. Further investigations on the oral-gastric microbiota and its role in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer should be carried out, and the screening of patients with potential risk for GAC should be considered in the clinical practice of dentists.
Topics: Humans; Stomach Neoplasms; Periodontal Diseases; Adenocarcinoma; Cohort Studies; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 38301538
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100321 -
Journal of Taibah University Medical... Apr 2024This research was aimed at assessing comprehension, attitudes, and perspectives regarding artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry. The null hypothesis was a lack of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This research was aimed at assessing comprehension, attitudes, and perspectives regarding artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry. The null hypothesis was a lack of foundational understanding of AI in dentistry.
METHODS
This systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted in May 2023. The eligibility criteria included cross-sectional studies published in English until July 2023, focusing solely on dentists or dental students. Data on AI knowledge, use, and perceptions were extracted and assessed for bias risk with the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.
RESULTS
Of 408 publications, 22 relevant articles were identified, and 13 studies were included in the review. The average basic AI knowledge score was 58.62 % among dental students and 71.75 % among dentists. More dental students (72.01 %) than dentists (62.60 %) believed in AI's potential for advancing dentistry.
CONCLUSIONS
Thorough AI instruction in dental schools and continuing education programs for practitioners are urgently needed to maximize AI's potential benefits in dentistry. An integrated PhD program could drive revolutionary discoveries and improve patient care globally. Embracing AI with informed understanding and training will position dental professionals at the forefront of technological advancements in the field.
PubMed: 38293587
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.12.010 -
JDR Clinical and Translational Research Jan 2022Older adults are at risk for tooth loss and compromised nutritional status. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to answer the following... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Older adults are at risk for tooth loss and compromised nutritional status. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to answer the following question: Among adults aged ≥60 y living in developed countries, what are the associations between tooth loss and nutritional status as assessed by a validated nutrition screening or assessment tool?
METHODS
PRISMA guidelines were followed. PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and MEDLINE were searched for studies published in English between 2009 and 2019 that met inclusion criteria. Data extracted included study and participant characteristics, dentition, and nutritional status. Risk of bias was assessed with a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta-analysis was used.
RESULTS
Of the 588 unduplicated articles identified, 78 were reviewed in full text, and 7 met inclusion criteria. Six studies were combined for a meta-analysis, which revealed that individuals who were completely edentulous or who lacked functional dentition had a 21% increased likelihood of being at risk of malnutrition or being malnourished, as compared with those who were dentulous or had functionally adequate dentition (risk ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.32; I = 70%). Whether the article statistically adjusted for medical history explained most of the heterogeneity in the pooled effect.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Findings suggest that older adults with tooth loss are at greater risk of malnutrition than those with functionally adequate dentition. Use of validated tools to assess risk of malnutrition in older adults with tooth loss is important to promote early intervention and referral to optimize nutrition and oral health status. Findings were limited by heterogeneity, risk of bias, and overall quality of the studies reviewed. Cohort studies that adjust for known confounders and use consistent approaches to assess tooth loss and nutritional status are needed.
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT
The results of this study suggest that older adults with tooth loss are at greater risk of malnutrition than those with functionally adequate dentition. Screening of this population for malnutrition by health care professionals, including dentists and dietitians, may result in corresponding referrals to optimize nutrition and oral health status. Further research is needed with consistent approaches to assess tooth loss and nutritional status.
Topics: Aged; Eating; Humans; Malnutrition; Mouth, Edentulous; Nutritional Status; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 33345687
DOI: 10.1177/2380084420981016 -
Cureus Sep 2023Artificial intelligence (AI) has been cited as being helpful in the diagnosis of diseases, the prediction of prognoses, and the development of patient-specific... (Review)
Review
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been cited as being helpful in the diagnosis of diseases, the prediction of prognoses, and the development of patient-specific therapeutic strategies. AI can help dentists, in particular, when they need to make important judgments quickly. It can eliminate human mistakes in making decisions, resulting in superior and consistent medical treatment while lowering the workload on dentists. The existing studies relevant to the study and application of AI in the diagnosis of various forms of mouth ulcers are reviewed in this work. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards were followed in the preparation of the review. There were no rule violations, with the significant exception of the use of a better search method that led to more accurate findings. Using search terms mainly such as AI, oral health, oral ulcers, oral herpes simplex, oral lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), oral cancer, premalignant and malignant disorders, etc., a comprehensive search was carried out in the reliable sources of literature, namely PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, Global Health, and PsycINFO. For all papers, exhaustive searches were done using inclusion criteria as well as exclusion criteria between June 28, 2018, and June 28, 2023. An AI framework for the automatic categorization of oral ulcers from oral clinical photographs was developed by the authors, and it performed satisfactorily. The newly designed AI model works better than the current convolutional neural network image categorization techniques and shows a fair level of precision in the classification of oral ulcers. However, despite being useful for identifying oral ulcers, the suggested technique needs a broader set of data for validation and training purposes before being used in clinical settings. Automated OCSCC identification using a deep learning-based technique is a quick, harmless, affordable, and practical approach to evaluating the effectiveness of cancer treatment. The categorization and identification of RAU lesions through the use of non-intrusive oral pictures using the previously developed ResNet50 and YOLOV algorithms demonstrated better accuracy as well as adequate potential for the future, which could be helpful in clinical practice. Moreover, the most reliable projections for the likelihood of the presence or absence of RAU were made by the optimized neural network. The authors also discovered variables associated with RAU that might be used as input information to build artificial neural networks that anticipate RAU.
PubMed: 37842407
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45187