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Archives of Oral Biology Jul 2021The ratio between molecules which acts towards the diseased or healthy phenotype determine whether the periodontitis lesions will progress or stabilize. Considering... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The ratio between molecules which acts towards the diseased or healthy phenotype determine whether the periodontitis lesions will progress or stabilize. Considering gingival tissue and biofluids, we aimed to present a systematic review (qualitative analysis) on the ratios between disease/health periodontitis modulators, and a meta-analysis (quantitative analysis) of their levels in individuals with periodontitis compared to controls.
DESIGN
Electronic searches of the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were conducted for publications up to May 2020.
RESULTS
A total of 53 publications were included in the systematic review, being 22 of them focusing on the ratios between Interleukin [IL]-1/IL-10, IL-6/IL-10, IL-1/IL-1RA and RANKL/OPG. Twenty-one publications were eligible for meta-analyses. The ratios of IL-1, IL-6 and RANKL mRNA levels were significantly higher in diseased gingival tissue, as well as their protein levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontitis individuals. Considering the saliva levels, the RANKL/OPG ratio was higher in periodontitis subjects in comparison to controls. Meta-analyses showed higher IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6 and IL-10 gene expressions in gingival tissue and protein levels in GCF, while RANKL was higher in GCF of periodontitis individuals in comparison to controls.
CONCLUSIONS
Both the ratios and meta-analyses showed higher levels of modulators in gingival tissue and GCF of diseased individuals.
Topics: Chronic Periodontitis; Gingiva; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Periodontitis; Saliva
PubMed: 34044319
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105147 -
BMC Women's Health Feb 2021Previous studies indicated an impact of hormonal contraceptive use on oral health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence supporting the impact of the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Previous studies indicated an impact of hormonal contraceptive use on oral health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence supporting the impact of the use of hormonal contraceptives and periodontal diseases.
METHODS
This study is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and based on the PECO acrostic. Inclusion criteria comprised observational studies including women (P), which evaluated hormonal contraceptive users (E) and hormonal contraceptive non-users (C), to verify the association between this hormonal therapy and the periodontal diseases (O). Searches were performed on 5 databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS and grey literature (OpenGrey and Google Scholar). After the selection process, the included studies were evaluated qualitatively. Moreover, quantitative data were analyzed in two meta-analyses for clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD). Finally, the level of certainty was measured with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) tool between periodontal clinical parameters.
RESULTS
18 articles were eligible for the qualitative synthesis and 7 of them were selected for quantitative analysis. Hence, 15 of the eligible articles reported an association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and severity of periodontal disease. However, 6 articles demonstrated high risk of bias and were excluded from quantitative synthesis. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant difference for CAL (MD 0.24 [0.09, 0.40]; p = 0.002), but in PD (MD 0.05 [- 0.05, 0.15]; p = 0.33) such difference was not identified. A very low level of evidence was found between the clinical parameters.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of hormonal contraceptives may be associated to severity of periodontal diseases. However, the quantitative analysis points to an inconclusive outcome due to the high level of heterogeneity. The association is biologically plausible, however additional studies are warranted to better elucidate the clinical significance of this possible association.
Topics: Contraceptive Agents; Female; Humans; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 33526027
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01180-0 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Dec 2019Sickle cell disease is the most common single gene disorder and the commonest haemoglobinopathy found with high prevalence in many populations across the world.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Sickle cell disease is the most common single gene disorder and the commonest haemoglobinopathy found with high prevalence in many populations across the world. Management of dental complications in people with sickle cell disease requires special consideration for three main reasons. Firstly, dental and oral tissues are affected by the blood disorder resulting in several oro-facial abnormalities. Secondly, living with a haemoglobinopathy and coping with its associated serious consequences may result in individuals neglecting their oral health care. Finally, the treatment of these oral complications must be adapted to the systemic condition and special needs of these individuals, in order not to exacerbate or deteriorate their general health. Guidelines for the treatment of dental complications in this population who require special care are unclear and even unavailable in many aspects. Hence this review was undertaken to provide a basis for clinical care by investigating and analysing the existing evidence in the literature for the treatment of dental complications in people with sickle cell disease. This is an update of a previously published review.
OBJECTIVES
To assess methods of treating dental complications in people with sickle cell disease.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Review Group's Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. Date of last search: 01 August 2019. Additionally, we searched nine online databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Literature in the Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean database, African Index Medicus, Index Medicus for South East Asia Region, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Indexing of Indian Medical Journals). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews and contacted haematologists, experts in fields of dentistry, organizations, pharmaceutical companies and researchers working in this field. Date of last search: 07 November 2019.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We searched for published or unpublished randomised controlled studies of treatments for dental complications in people with sickle cell disease.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors intended to independently extract data and assess the risk of bias of the included studies using standard Cochrane methodologies; however, no studies were identified for inclusion in the review.
MAIN RESULTS
No randomised controlled studies were identified.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
This Cochrane Review did not identify any randomised controlled studies assessing interventions for the treatment of dental complications in people with sickle cell disease. There is an important need for randomised controlled studies in this area, so as to identify the most effective and safe method for treating dental complications in people with sickle cell disease.
Topics: Anemia, Sickle Cell; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Dental Care; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 31841224
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011633.pub3 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Mar 2021The course of periodontal disease is affected by many factors; however, the most significant are the dysbiotic microflora, showing different pathogenicity levels. Rapid... (Review)
Review
The course of periodontal disease is affected by many factors; however, the most significant are the dysbiotic microflora, showing different pathogenicity levels. Rapid colonization in the subgingival environment can radically change the clinical state of the periodontium. This systematic review aims to present an innovative technique of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid panel identification of bacteria in periodontal diseases. The decisive advantage of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique in relation to molecular methods based on the identification of nucleic acids (such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR or qPCR) is the ability to determine more pathogens simultaneously, as well as with higher sensitivity. In comparison with classical microbiological seeding techniques, the use of the LAMP method shortens a few days waiting time to a few minutes, reducing the time necessary to identify the species and determine the number of microorganisms. The LAMP technology requires only a small hardware base; hence it is possible to use it in outpatient settings. The developed technique provides the possibility of almost immediate assessment of periodontal status and, above all, risk assessment of complications during the treatment (uncontrolled spread of inflammation), which can certainly be of key importance in clinical work.
PubMed: 33809163
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061189 -
PANoptosis is a compound death in periodontitis: A systematic review of ex vivo and in vivo studies.Oral Diseases May 2024The purpose of the systematic review is to verify the presence of PANoptosis in periodontitis based on the published literatures studying cell death in periodontitis. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the systematic review is to verify the presence of PANoptosis in periodontitis based on the published literatures studying cell death in periodontitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive review of literature studying the types of cell death in vitro cellular experiments, in vivo rodent studies and clinical studies from three major databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The present systematic review was recorded in the PROSPERO database, under registration number CRD42022383456.
RESULTS
In total, 51 articles were included in this study. Our analysis of in vitro cell models revealed that pyroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis could be induced by periodontal pathogens in macrophages, fibroblasts, stem cells, and periodontal ligament cells. Furthermore, three types of cell death were detected in in vivo rodent periodontitis models. Clinical studies on human periodontitis tissue specimens and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) showed that some key proteins related to pyroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis were elevated in periodontitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Various studies have established similar in vivo and in vitro models with three modes of death detected under the same conditions, revealing complex interactions between different types of cell death pathways in periodontitis and the potential for PANoptosis to occur in periodontitis.
Topics: Humans; Periodontitis; Pyroptosis; Animals; Necroptosis; Apoptosis; Fibroblasts; Macrophages; Periodontal Ligament; Cell Death
PubMed: 37650218
DOI: 10.1111/odi.14726 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Mar 2022The aim of this study was to systematically update the evidence for associations between host genetic variants and subgingival microbial detection and counts.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to systematically update the evidence for associations between host genetic variants and subgingival microbial detection and counts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Following a previous systematic review (Nibali et al. J Clin Periodontol 43(11): 889-900, 15), an update of a systematic search of the literature was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS, and Cochrane Library for studies reporting data on host genetic variants and detection of microbes subgingivally published in the last 6 years.
RESULTS
A total of 19 studies were included in the review, from an initial search of 2797 titles. Studies consisted mainly of candidate gene studies and of one genome-wide analysis. A total of 62 studies were considered for summary findings, including 43 identified in the previous systematic review of studies published up to 2015. Meta-analyses were done when appropriate including both papers in the original review and in the update. Meta-analyses revealed lack of associations between IL1 composite genotype and subgingival detection of Aggregatibacter acinomycetemcomitans, Poprhyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia. Promising evidence is emerging from other genetic variants and from sub-analyses of data from genome-association studies. Among other studies with candidate-gene, target SNPs were mainly within the IL10, IL6, IL4, IL8, IL17A, and VDR gene.
CONCLUSIONS
IL1 composite genotype does not seem to be associated with subgingival microbial detection. Promising associations should be pursued by future studies, including studies employing -OMICS technologies.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A better knowledge of which host genetic variant predispose to subgingival microbial colonization and to the development of progression of periodontal disease could potentially help to better understand periodontal disease pathogenesis and help with its management.
Topics: Genotype; Gingiva; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Interleukin-1
PubMed: 35122548
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04233-8 -
Journal of International Society of... 2021The aim of this study was to systematically review the applications of adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) in regenerative dentistry. (Review)
Review
AIM
The aim of this study was to systematically review the applications of adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) in regenerative dentistry.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search was conducted in Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases. The original research associated with the role of ADSCs in regeneration of alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum as well as the dental pulp was evaluated. Among the included studies, three animal studies and one human study had low risk of bias.
RESULTS
A total of 33 relevant studies were included in the review. The animal models, human, and studies revealed that ADSCs had a significant osteogenic differentiation potential. Besides, they had potential to differentiate into PDL, cementum, and dental pulp tissue.
CONCLUSION
The ADSCs may be specifically applied for bone tissue engineering in the management of alveolar bone defects, specifically in dental implants and periodontal disease. However, their role in regeneration of PDL, cementum, and dental pulp requires further investigations. Overall, their applications in regenerative dentistry needs further verification through human clinical trials.
PubMed: 34268188
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_43_21 -
Quintessence International (Berlin,... Apr 2022To systematically review indexed literature that assessed the association between periodontal diseases and the ABO blood group. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To systematically review indexed literature that assessed the association between periodontal diseases and the ABO blood group.
METHOD AND MATERIALS
The addressed focused question was "Is there an association between periodontal diseases and the ABO blood group?" Indexed databases were searched without time and language restrictions using different key words. Original studies, case reports, and case series that assessed the association between periodontal diseases and the ABO blood group were included in a meta-analysis. The risk of bias was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health tool. Letters to the Editor, commentaries, and historical reviews were excluded.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies including 8,543 individuals were included; periodontitis (n = 4,476), gingivitis (n = 1,582), and healthy (n = 1,610). The most frequent event rate of blood group phenotype in periodontitis was blood group type O 39.0 % (95% CI 0.35 to 0.43). The event rate of positive Rh was 90.7% (95% CI 0.89 to 0.92) compared to 9.2% (95% CI 0.06 to 0.13) for negative Rh. Fixed effect analysis showed that blood group AB had a protective value to periodontitis; odds ratio 0.66 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.80; P < .001). However, there was no significant association of blood group A, B, and O. In addition, there was no significant association between ABO blood group and gingivitis; odds ratios of blood group B and O were 1.18 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.67; P = .34) and 1.36 (95% CI 0.89 to 2.08; P = .16), respectively.
CONCLUSION
There is a discrepancy among published observations regarding the effect of the ABO blood group on periodontium health. Further studies are needed with a large sample population to build more robust evidence. (Quintessence Int 2022;53:404-412; doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b2644845).
Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Gingivitis; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis
PubMed: 35119242
DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b2644845 -
Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal... 2019Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of dental supporting tissues (gingiva, periodontal ligament, and bone) and it has been suggested as a possible etiology for... (Review)
Review
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of dental supporting tissues (gingiva, periodontal ligament, and bone) and it has been suggested as a possible etiology for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this systematic review, we aim to verify if periodontitis represents a risk factor for RA. Electronic databases were consulted until March 2018 considering eligibility criteria focusing on: (P, participants) adults; (E, exposure) with periodontitis; (C, comparison) without periodontitis; and (O, outcome) development of RA. Quality assessment of studies and risk-of-bias evaluation were also performed. To undertake a quantitative analysis, the number of persons with RA and a total number of participants for the case group (with periodontitis) and control group (without periodontitis) were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 3888 articles were identified, and nine studies were considered eligible. Seven of 9 articles suggested an association among diseases by the common pro-inflammatory profiles. The pooled analysis of 3 articles showed a higher RA prevalence for persons with periodontitis ( = 1177) than controls ( = 254) (OR 1.97; CI 1.68-2.31; < 0.00001). However, considerable heterogeneity among studies was verified (I = 96%, < 0.00001). Periodontitis may represent a risk factor for RA by heredity, bacterial infection, and the pro-inflammatory profile shared between both diseases. Although most of the elective studies report an association between periodontitis and RA, the quantitative analysis showed a high heterogeneity, leading to the need for further studies.
PubMed: 31316593
DOI: 10.1177/1759720X19858514 -
Journal of Periodontal Research Feb 2024The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding diagnostic applications of ultrasound imaging for evaluation of the periodontium in... (Review)
Review
The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding diagnostic applications of ultrasound imaging for evaluation of the periodontium in humans. The search was conducted on Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed up to April 3, 2023. The studies included were exclusively human studies that assessed the periodontium with ultrasound (US) imaging (b-mode). Outcomes measured included alveolar bone level, alveolar bone thickness, gingival thickness, and blood flow quantification. References were imported to Covidence. Two reviewers conducted phases 1 and 2. The JBI risk assessment tool for cross-sectional studies was used. Extracted data included the transducer and measurements used and the study's outcomes. The search yielded 4892 studies after removing duplicates. From these, 25 studies were included and selected for extraction. Included studies retrieved outcomes from US examinations of the periodontal tissues. From the selected studies, 15 used US on natural teeth, 4 used US on implants, 2 used US on edentulous ridges, and 4 used color flow/power in US to evaluate the blood flow. The results of the present systematic review suggest that US might be a feasible and valuable diagnostic tool for the periodontium, with the potential to complement shortfalls of current radiographic technologies.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Periodontium; Gingiva; Ultrasonography; Periodontal Ligament; Mouth, Edentulous
PubMed: 37872805
DOI: 10.1111/jre.13194