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Transfusion Medicine Reviews Apr 2023Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells mobilization is now the basis of most stem cell transplants. In a very limited number of cases, mobilization is suboptimal leading...
Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells mobilization is now the basis of most stem cell transplants. In a very limited number of cases, mobilization is suboptimal leading to further collection procedures, to suboptimal cell doses infusion with delayed engraftment time, increased risks of transplant procedure and of related costs. To date we have no recognized and shared criteria for early estimating the probability of poor mobilization in healthy donors. We then analyzed allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell donations performed at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS Hospital from January 2013 to December 2021 in order to identify premobilization factors associated with successful mobilization. The following data were collected: age, gender, weight, complete blood cell count at baseline, G-CSF dose, number of collection procedures, CD34+ cell count in peripheral blood on the first day of collection, CD34+ cell dose per kg body weight of recipient. Mobilization efficacy was defined according to the number of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood on day +5 of G-CSF administration. We classified donors as sub-optimal mobilizers or good mobilizers according to the achievement of the 50 CD34+ cell/μL threshold. We observed 30 suboptimal mobilizations in 158 allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell donations. Age and baseline white blood cell count were factors significantly associated with negative or positive impact on mobilization, respectively. We did not find significant differences in mobilization based on gender or G-CSF dose. Using cut-off values of 43 years and 5.5×10/L WBC count, we built a suboptimal mobilization score: donors who reach 2, 1 or 0 points have a 46%, 16% or 4% probability of suboptimal mobilization, respectively. Our model explains 26% of the variability of mobilization confirming that most of the mobilization magnitude depends on genetically determined factors; however, suboptimal mobilization score is a simple tool providing an early assessment of mobilization efficacy before G-CSF administration begins in order to support allogeneic stem cells selection, mobilization and collection. Through a systematic review, we looked for confirmation of our findings. According to the published articles, all the variables we included in our model are confirmed to be strongly related to the success of mobilization. We believe that score system approach could be applied in clinical practice to assess the risk of mobilization failure at baseline allowing for a priori intervention.
Topics: Humans; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; Peripheral Blood Stem Cells; Antigens, CD34; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
PubMed: 37315997
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2023.150725 -
Translational Pediatrics Feb 2022Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA) leads to increased morbidity and mortality later in life despite early surgical or percutaneous treatment. Many long-term complications... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA) leads to increased morbidity and mortality later in life despite early surgical or percutaneous treatment. Many long-term complications are related to hypertension (HT) which is a common finding late after coarctation repair.
METHODS
A systematic Review was performed including articles published between February 2012 to December 2020. Systematic searches were conducted on PubMed and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register to look for studies on HT after aortic CoA-repair. PRISMA guidelines were used.
RESULTS
In this systematic review on HT after CoA Repair the mean prevalence of HT was 47.3% (20-70%). A progressive character was of the HT was found, furthermore if only studies are included with 24 h blood pressure (BP) recording in addition to standard BP measurements, the incidence of HT rose to 57.8%.
DISCUSSION
Most clinical studies look at complications, mortality rate and residual pressure gradient rather than correlating hemodynamic indices with long-term outcome. Although HT is commonly based in measurement of peripheral BP, it has been shown that peripheral BP in CoA patients has a poor correlation with central aortic pressure. Central aortic hemodynamics are significantly altered in patients with repaired CoA, which can now adequately be investigated non-invasively. At the present time there are no studies linking long-term outcome with abnormal central hemodynamics.
PubMed: 35282025
DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-418 -
European Respiratory Review : An... Sep 2023Peripheral blood monocyte counts have been associated with poor outcomes in interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, studies are limited by variable biomarker... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Peripheral blood monocyte counts have been associated with poor outcomes in interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, studies are limited by variable biomarker thresholds, analytic approaches and heterogenous populations. This systematic review and meta-analysis characterised the relationship between monocytes and clinical outcomes in ILD.
METHODS
Electronic database searches were performed. Two reviewers screened abstracts and extracted data. Pooled estimates (hazard ratios (HRs)) of monocyte count thresholds were calculated for their association with mortality using ≥0.6×10 and >0.9×10 cells·L for unadjusted models and ≥0.95×10 cells·L for adjusted models, using random effects, with heterogeneity and bias assessed. Disease progression associated with monocytes >0.9×10cells·L was also calculated.
RESULTS
Of 3279 abstracts, 13 were included in the systematic review and eight in the meta-analysis. The pooled unadjusted HR for mortality for monocyte counts ≥0.6×10 cells·L was 1.71 (95% CI 1.34-2.19, p<0.001, I=0%) and for monocyte counts >0.90×10 cells·L it was 2.44 (95% CI 1.53-3.87, p=0.0002, I=52%). The pooled adjusted HR for mortality for monocyte counts ≥0.95×10 cells·L was 1.93 (95% CI 1.24-3.01, p=0.0038 I=69%). The pooled HR for disease progression associated with increased monocyte counts was 1.83 (95% CI 1.40-2.39, p<0.0001, I=28%).
CONCLUSIONS
Peripheral blood monocyte counts were associated with an increased risk of mortality and disease progression in patients with ILD.
Topics: Humans; Monocytes; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Patients; Disease Progression
PubMed: 37673424
DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0072-2023 -
ACR Open Rheumatology Apr 2023Biomarkers have been proposed as tools to aid in the identification and prognostication of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We performed a...
BACKGROUND
Biomarkers have been proposed as tools to aid in the identification and prognostication of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We performed a systematic review of studies evaluating peripheral blood biomarkers and their association with RA-ILD and its prognosis.
METHODS
Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus were queried for relevant studies, with the final search update on July 12, 2021. We included studies evaluating peripheral blood biomarkers for the identification and/or prognostication of RA-ILD, extracting the performance of individual biomarkers for identifying RA-ILD, and predicting prognosis. Modified versions of the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 and the Quality in Prognosis Studies tools were used for quality assessment.
RESULTS
Seventy studies met eligibility criteria. Study and patient characteristics, analytical methods, strength and consistency of associations, and study quality were heterogeneous. A total of 92 biomarkers were positively associated and 12 were negatively associated with RA-ILD among patients with RA in one or more report. Only a small number of biomarkers were evaluated in multiple cohorts using adjusted analyses. Biomarkers most strongly associated with RA-ILD overlapped with those identified for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Few prognostic biomarkers of RA-ILD were identified.
CONCLUSION
Several peripheral blood biomarkers are associated with the presence of RA-ILD, but few have been assessed in multivariable models, have been externally validated, have discriminated RA-ILD from other lung disease, or have prognosticated the disease course. High-quality studies investigating and validating peripheral biomarkers in RA-ILD are needed before they can be employed in clinical care.
PubMed: 36852564
DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11535 -
Mutation Research. Genetic Toxicology... Oct 2023Can human peripheral blood cells be used as a surrogate for bone marrow cells, in evaluating the genotoxic effects of stressors? We searched the Pubmed/Medline and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Can human peripheral blood cells be used as a surrogate for bone marrow cells, in evaluating the genotoxic effects of stressors? We searched the Pubmed/Medline and PubChem databases to identify publications relevant to this question. Micronucleus formation was the genotoxicity endpoint. Three publications comparing exposed vs. non-exposed individuals are included in this analysis; the exposures were to ethylene oxide or ionising radiation (atomic bomb, thorotrast, or radioiodine therapy). Information was extracted on the types of exposure, the numbers of participants, and the micronucleus frequencies. Relative differences (odds ratios) and absolute differences (risk differences) in the numbers of micronuclei between exposed and non-exposed persons were calculated separately for individual cell types (peripheral blood and bone marrow). Random effects meta-analyses for the relative differences in cell abnormalities were performed. The results showed very small differences in the frequencies of micronuclei between exposed and non-exposed individuals, as measured in either peripheral blood or bone marrow cell populations, on both absolute and relative scales. No definite conclusion concerning the relative sensitivities of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells can be made, based on these publications.
Topics: Humans; Bone Marrow; Iodine Radioisotopes; Micronucleus Tests; Blood Cells; Bone Marrow Cells; DNA Damage; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective
PubMed: 37770146
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503689 -
Ageing Research Reviews Aug 2023The associations between lipocalin-2 (LCN2) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia have gained growing interest. However, population-based studies have... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The associations between lipocalin-2 (LCN2) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia have gained growing interest. However, population-based studies have yielded inconsistent findings. Therefore, we conducted this essential systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze and summarize the existing population-based evidence.
METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched until Mar 18, 2022. Meta-analysis was performed to generate the standard mean difference (SMD) of peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) LCN2. A qualitative review was performed to summarize the evidence from postmortem brain tissue studies.
RESULTS
In peripheral blood, the overall pooled results showed no significant difference in LCN2 across Alzheimer's disease (AD), MCI and control groups. Further subgroup analysis revealed higher serum LCN2 levels in AD compared to controls (SMD =1.28 [0.44;2.13], p = 0.003), while the difference remained insignificant in plasma (SMD =0.04 [-0.82;0.90], p = 0.931). Besides, peripheral blood LCN2 were higher in AD when age difference between AD and controls ≥ 4 years (SMD =1.21 [0.37;2.06], p = 0.005). In CSF, no differences were found in LCN2 across groups of AD, MCI and controls. However, CSF LCN2 was higher in vascular dementia (VaD) compared to controls (SMD =1.02 [0.17;1.87], p = 0.018), as well as compared to AD (SMD =1.19 [0.58;1.80], p < 0.001). Qualitative analysis supported that LCN2 was increased in the brain tissue of AD-related areas, especially in astrocytes and microglia; while LCN2 increased in infarct-related brain areas and over-expressed in astrocytes and macrophages in mixed dementia (MD).
CONCLUSION
The difference in peripheral blood LCN2 between AD and controls may be affected by the type of biofluid and age. No differences were found in CSF LCN2 across AD, MCI and controls groups. In contrast, CSF LCN2 was elevated in VaD patients. Moreover, LCN2 was increased in AD-related brain areas and cells in AD, while in infarcts-related brain areas and cells in MD.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Biomarkers; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia, Vascular; Lipocalin-2; Mixed Dementias
PubMed: 37330019
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101984 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2022The treatment of cartilage damage is a hot topic at present, and cell therapy is an emerging alternative therapy. Stem cells derived from peripheral blood have become...
The treatment of cartilage damage is a hot topic at present, and cell therapy is an emerging alternative therapy. Stem cells derived from peripheral blood have become the focus of current research due to the ease of obtaining materials and a wide range of sources. We used a text search strategy using the ["mesenchymal stem cells" (MeSH term) OR "MSC" OR "BMMSC" OR "PBMSC" OR" PBMNC" OR "peripheral blood stem cells"] AND (cartilage injury [MeSH term] OR "cartilage" OR "chondral lesion"). After searching the literature, through the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the last included articles were systematically reviewed. We found that peripheral blood-derived stem cells have chondrogenic differentiation ability and can induce chondrogenic differentiation and repair and have statistical significance in clinical and imaging prognosis. It is an improvement of academic differences. Compared with the bone marrow, peripheral blood is easier to obtain, widely sourced, and simple to obtain. In the future, peripheral blood will be a more potential cell source for cell therapy in the treatment of cartilage damage. Stem cells derived from peripheral blood can repair cartilage and are an important resource for the treatment of cartilage damage in the future. The specific mechanism and way of repairing cartilage need further study.
PubMed: 35935493
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.956614 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects approximately 14% of pregnancies globally and is associated with short- and long-term complications for both the mother and child. In... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects approximately 14% of pregnancies globally and is associated with short- and long-term complications for both the mother and child. In addition, GDM has been linked to chronic low-grade inflammation with recent research indicating a potential immune dysregulation in pathophysiology and a disparity in regulatory T cells.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether there is an association between GDM and the level of Tregs in the peripheral blood.
METHODS
Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Ovid between the 7th and 14th of February 2022. The inclusion criteria were any original studies published in the English language, measuring differentiated Tregs in women with GDM compared with glucose-tolerant pregnant women. Meta-analysis was performed between comparable Treg markers. Statistical tests were used to quantify heterogeneity: , , and . Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
RESULTS
The search yielded 223 results: eight studies were included in the review and seven in the meta-analysis (GDM = 228, control = 286). Analysis of Tregs across all trimesters showed significantly lower Treg numbers in women with GDM (SMD, -0.76; 95% CI, -1.37, -0.15; = 90%). This was reflected in the analysis by specific Treg markers (SMD -0.55; 95% CI, -1.04, -0.07; = 83%; third trimester, five studies). Non-significant differences were found within subgroups (differentiated by CD4FoxP3, CD4CD127, and CD4CD127FoxP3) of both analyses.
CONCLUSION
GDM is associated with lower Treg numbers in the peripheral maternal blood. In early pregnancy, there is clinical potential to use Treg levels as a predictive tool for the subsequent development of GDM. There is also a potential therapeutic intervention to prevent the development of GDM by increasing Treg populations. However, the precise mechanism by which Tregs mediate GDM remains unclear.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42022309796.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Diabetes, Gestational; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Inflammation; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Infant, Newborn
PubMed: 38111588
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1226617 -
International Immunopharmacology Nov 2022Studies have described the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in thymic function, along with directly observing the altered expression of miRNAs in thymuses of myasthenia gravis...
BACKGROUND
Studies have described the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in thymic function, along with directly observing the altered expression of miRNAs in thymuses of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients; so, miRNAs became a core component in the pathophysiology of MG. However, because the miRNA analysis results are contradictory, the identification of MG-related miRNAs is daunting.
OBJECTIVE
We did a systematic review of studies analyzing the miRNA expression profile of peripheral blood and mononuclear cells for patients with MG.
METHODS
We ran a database search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science on August 17, 2021. Original articles that analyzed miRNA profiles in peripheral blood (serum, plasma, and whole blood) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for patients with MG in comparison with a non-MG or healthy control (HC) group were eligible. The quality of studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2).
RESULTS
26 studies were included. The quality of studies was fair (median score, 5). Among 226 different miRNAs that were deregulated in at least one study (range, 1-87), ten miRNAs were significantly deregulated in three or more studies. Five miRNAs (50%) showed the same deregulation: miR-106b-3p and miR-21-5p were consistently upregulated, and miR-20b, miR-15b, and miR-16 were consistently downregulated. Also, there were five miRNAs that were mostly upregulated, miR-150-5p, miR-146a, miR-30e-5p, and miR-338-3p, or downregulated, miR-324-3p, across studies.
CONCLUSION
These miRNAs contribute to different pathways, importantly neural apoptosis and autophagy, inflammation, T regulatory cell development, and T helper cell balance. Prior to being used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, it is required to pursue molecular mechanisms these consistently and mostly dysregulated miRNAs specifically use in the context of MG.
Topics: Humans; Gene Expression Profiling; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; MicroRNAs; Myasthenia Gravis; Leukocyte Count
PubMed: 36087508
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109205 -
Ageing Research Reviews Nov 2023Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a well-established prodromal stage of dementia (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) that is often accompanied by early signs of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a well-established prodromal stage of dementia (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) that is often accompanied by early signs of neurodegeneration. To facilitate a better characterization of the underlying pathophysiology, we assessed the available literature to evaluate potential fluid biomarkers in MCI. Peer-reviewed articles that measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or peripheral biomarkers of neuronal injury (total-tau [T-tau], neurofilament light chain [NfL], heart-type fatty acid binding protein [HFABP], neuron-specific enolase, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1) and/or astroglial pathology (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], S100 calcium-binding protein B) in MCI and healthy controls were assessed. Group differences were summarized by standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was quantified using I. A total of 107 studies were included in the meta-analysis and 10 studies were qualitatively reviewed. In CSF, concentrations of NfL (SMD = 0.69 [0.56, 0.83]), GFAP (SMD = 0.41 [0.07, 0.75]), and HFABP (SMD = 0.57 [0.26, 0.89]) were elevated in MCI. In blood, increased concentrations of T-tau (SMD = 0.19 [0.09, 0.29]), NfL (SMD = 0.41 [0.32, 0.49]), and GFAP (SMD = 0.39 [0.23, 0.55]) were found in MCI. Heterogeneity that was identified in all comparisons was explored using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. Elevated NfL and GFAP can be detected in both CSF and peripheral blood. Monitoring these biomarkers in clinical settings may provide important insight into underlying neurodegenerative processes in MCI.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Cognitive Dysfunction; tau Proteins; Biomarkers; Neurons; Astrocytes; Amyloid beta-Peptides
PubMed: 37647995
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102046