-
The Australian Journal of Rural Health Aug 2023Australia's National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) was launched in 2013 to provide financial support packages for people with disability to purchase supports and... (Review)
Review
The experiences of people with disability and their families/carers navigating the NDIS planning process in regional, rural and remote regions of Australia: Scoping review.
BACKGROUND
Australia's National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) was launched in 2013 to provide financial support packages for people with disability to purchase supports and services to enhance independence. People with disability are required to develop a plan with the National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), the government department responsible for managing the NDIS. This scoping review aims to ascertain the level of research into people's experience of the NDIS planning process in these geographic areas.
METHODOLOGY
Research publication databases were searched using a specific search string to identify research about people with disability and their families/carer's experiences of the NDIS planning process in regional, rural and remote regions of Australia. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was adopted to appraise the quality of the research publications. Research publications focused on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were additionally appraised using the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool developed by the Centre for Excellence in Aboriginal Chronic Disease Knowledge Translation and Exchange. A thematic synthesis of the publications' contents was undertaken to ascertain people with disabilities and carers experience of the NDIS planning process.
RESULTS
Ten (N = 10) research papers were found that met the inclusion criteria. Two papers were policy reviews and reported on the improvements of the NDIS planning process since its conception. The analysis found the research archive focused on five themes: (1) healthcare workforce and NDIA staff; (2) NDIS package holders and carers lack of awareness of the NDIS; (3) cultural/socio-economic barriers; (4) travel funding; and (5) emotional burden of the NDIS planning process.
CONCLUSION
There are limited papers available that explore people's experiences of the NDIS planning process in regional, rural and remote regions of Australia. This systematic review illuminates the difficulties, barriers and concerns of people with disability and their carers about the planning process.
Topics: Humans; Caregivers; Australia; Disabled Persons; Insurance, Disability; Indigenous Peoples; Health Services, Indigenous
PubMed: 37367630
DOI: 10.1111/ajr.13011 -
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision... Jul 2021Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Health literacy has been associated with pain intensity and pain control. However, there is a paucity of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Health literacy has been associated with pain intensity and pain control. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding this association. In the field of low back pain research, inconsistent reporting of outcomes has been highlighted. To address this issue a Core Outcome Set has been developed.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this scoping review were: (1) The health literacy measures currently employed for low back pain and the aspects of health literacy they include. (2) The low back pain health outcomes included in such work. (3) The extent to which these health outcomes reflect the Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials in Non-Specific Low Back Pain.
METHODS
The search included thirteen bibliographic databases, using medical subject heading terms for low back pain and health literacy, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The eligibility criteria were defined by the Joanna Briggs Institute PCC mnemonic. A thematic framework approach was used for analysis.
RESULTS
The search yielded ten relevant studies for inclusion, amongst which a total of nine health literacy measures and 50 health outcome measures were used. Most health literacy measures focused on functional health literacy, with few assessing communicative and critical health literacy. The health outcomes assessed by the included studies could be broadly categorised into: Pain, Disability, Behaviour, Knowledge and Beliefs, and Resource Utilisation. Most of these outcome measures studied (36 out of 50) did not directly reflect the Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials in Non-Specific Low Back Pain.
CONCLUSIONS
To allow for comparison across findings and the development of a rigorous evidence base, future work should include the Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials in Non-Specific Low Back Pain. There is an urgent need to broaden the evidence-base to include regions where low back pain morbidity is high, but data is lacking. Such work demands the incorporation of comprehensive measures of health literacy that have both generic and culturally sensitive components.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Health Literacy; Humans; Low Back Pain; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
PubMed: 34256742
DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01572-0 -
Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Oct 2022Previous studies showed that cervical cancer screening uptake among people with physical disabilities is low. A better understanding of the factors affecting their... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Previous studies showed that cervical cancer screening uptake among people with physical disabilities is low. A better understanding of the factors affecting their screening uptake is needed to devise strategies to address this issue.
OBJECTIVE
This review explores the factors that impede or enhance cervical cancer screening utilisation by people with physical disabilities, such as mobility, visual and hearing impairments.
METHODS
Five electronic databases were searched, resulting in the inclusion of nine studies focusing on people with physical disabilities and their utilisation of cervical cancer screening services. Extracted data from these studies were summarised narratively. Their methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, Version 2018.
RESULTS
Three major impeding factors were reported: 1) lack of knowledge of cervical cancer screening and how it can be accessed; 2) difficulties and inconveniences in accessing cancer screening providers and undergoing the screening procedures; and 3) uncomfortable experiences during the screening procedures. The availability of attendant services and wheelchair-accessible facilities and a longer duration of screening procedures enhanced screening utilisation by the subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
This review highlights the need to provide training for healthcare professionals on working with people with physical disabilities, enhance supportive services to allow them to access cervical cancer screening and educate them on the importance of screening.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Mass Screening; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 35948497
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.08.003 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Apr 2023To review the evidence for the effects of adapted bicycle riding on body structures and functions, activity, participation, and quality of life outcomes in children with... (Review)
Review
AIM
To review the evidence for the effects of adapted bicycle riding on body structures and functions, activity, participation, and quality of life outcomes in children with disabilities, along with family-level participation outcomes.
METHOD
A systematic review with searches of nine electronic databases to identify studies involving participants with a developmental disability aged 4 to 18 years who used a dynamic adapted bicycle was completed in August 2021. Risk of bias was assessed based on individual study designs. A narrative synthesis integrated the findings of the included studies. Certainty of evidence was synthesized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
RESULTS
Ten studies were included with 234 participants. Five studies reported outcomes at the body structures and functions level, ten reported activity-level outcomes, two reported participation-related outcomes, and none assessed quality of life or family participation in social and recreational activities.
INTERPRETATION
Adapted bicycle riding interventions may improve gross motor function, enhance lower-limb muscle strength, and promote physical activity; however, certainty of evidence of effects was rated very low using GRADE. Further research is required to understand the impact of adapted bicycle riding on the participation outcomes of children and adolescents with disabilities and on family-level participation in social and recreational activities.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
Adapted bicycle riding interventions may improve motor functions and physical activity. Evidence about participation outcomes after adapted bicycle riding is limited. Research on adapted bicycle riding interventions in natural settings is needed.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Bicycling; Quality of Life; Exercise; Disabled Persons
PubMed: 36335550
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15446 -
Disability and Rehabilitation.... Feb 2021Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an innovative technology being utilized to create prostheses for individuals with limb loss. However, there is a paucity of research...
PURPOSE
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an innovative technology being utilized to create prostheses for individuals with limb loss. However, there is a paucity of research on the feasibility of using this technology to fabricate prostheses. A scoping review was conducted to map the literature on 3D printing and its applications in the field of amputation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using a scoping review framework, a systematic literature search was conducted in three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL) for all indexed literature up to 29 June 2018.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies had small sample sizes (five participants or less; = 20) and used a case study design ( = 17). The benefits of 3D printing technology include higher levels of customization and lower production costs. However, the functionality of 3D printed prostheses is lacking. There is also a need for more robust research designs to obtain a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printed prostheses and its impact on end-user outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of 3D printing technology has a number of benefits for improving the manufacturing process of devices for people with lower and upper limb loss. However, more research and technological advancements are required to fully understand the impact of this technology on patients and how it will affect their daily life. The long-term effects of this technology will also need to be investigated in order to produce a more sustainable alternative to traditional prostheses.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe use of 3D printing technology for the fabrication of prosthetics for persons with limb-loss has a number of promising features to improve the fitting and customization of these devices for this patient population.Although the costs of producing 3D printed devices is less expensive and burdensome than traditional approaches to manufacturing techniques, there is a need for additional technological advancements to improve the functionality of these devices.Future research needs to adopt more robust research designs with larger sample sizes to provide a better understanding of the viability of using 3D printing technology to improve patient outcomes.
Topics: Amputees; Humans; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 31418306
DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2019.1646825 -
British Journal of Sports Medicine Dec 2021To investigate prevalence, incidence and profile of musculoskeletal injuries in para athletes. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To investigate prevalence, incidence and profile of musculoskeletal injuries in para athletes.
DESIGN
Systematic review.
DATA SOURCES
Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, SPORTSDiscus, CINAHL and hand searching.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Studies were considered if they reported prevalence or incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in para athletes. Study selection, data extraction and analysis followed the protocol. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the prevalence and incidence rate among studies and subgroup analyses investigated whether methodological quality and sample size of the studies influenced on the estimated injury prevalence and incidence. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system determined the strength of evidence.
RESULTS
Forty-two studies were included. The prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries was 40.8% (95% CI 32.5% to 49.8%). Because of imprecision, indirectness and inconsistency, the strength of evidence was very low quality. The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries was 14.3 injuries per 1000 athlete-days (95% CI 11.9 to 16.8). The strength of evidence was low quality because of imprecision and indirectness. The subgroup analyses revealed that the sample size influenced on estimated injury prevalence and methodological quality influenced on estimated incidence. Injuries were more prevalent in the shoulder, for non-ambulant para athletes, and in the lower limbs, for ambulant para athletes.
SUMMARY/CONCLUSION
Para athletes show high prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal injuries. Current very low-quality and low-quality evidence suggests that future high-quality studies with systematic data collection, larger sample size and specificities of para athletes are likely to change estimates of injury prevalence and incidence in para athletes.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42020147982.
Topics: Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Humans; Incidence; Para-Athletes; Prevalence
PubMed: 33229444
DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102823 -
Journal of Clinical Nursing May 2024In 2015, the term 'intrinsic capacity' (IC) was proposed by the World Health Organisation to promote healthy aging. However, the factors associated with IC are still... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
In 2015, the term 'intrinsic capacity' (IC) was proposed by the World Health Organisation to promote healthy aging. However, the factors associated with IC are still discrepant and uncertain.
AIM
We aim to synthesise the factors connected with IC.
METHODS
This scoping review followed the five-stage framework of Arksey and O'Malley and was reported using PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
RESULTS
In all, 29 articles were included. IC of older adults is associated with demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, disease conditions, behavioural factors, and biomarkers. Age, sex, marital status, occupation status, education, income/wealth, chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes, disability, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were emerged as important factors related to the IC of older adults.
CONCLUSIONS
This review shows that IC is related to multiple factors. Understanding these factors can provide the healthcare personnel with the theoretical basis for intervening and managing IC in older adults.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The influencing factors identified in the review help to guide older adults to maintain their own intrinsic capacity, thereby promoting their health and well-being. The modifiable factors also provide evidence for healthcare personnel to develop targeted intervention strategies to delay IC decline.
NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
As this is a scoping review, no patient or public contributions are required.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Chronic Disease; Health Personnel; Disabled Persons; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38345142
DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17017 -
Cureus Nov 2023Fractures represent a major cause of disability in the elderly, and patients with fractures exhibit a higher mortality rate than those without. Fractures are also an... (Review)
Review
Fractures represent a major cause of disability in the elderly, and patients with fractures exhibit a higher mortality rate than those without. Fractures are also an important health problem among patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) requiring hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation. To the best of our knowledge, no study in the literature has yet quantitatively summarized the mortality rates, and a summary of evidence on post-hip and spine fracture mortality in patients with ESKD is lacking. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the mortality rate, one-year mortality rate, and five-year mortality rate after hip and spine fractures in patients with ESKD receiving kidney replacement therapy. The MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were comprehensively searched for reports on mortality rate and time-period mortality in patients with ESKD after hip or spine fractures up to June 2022. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies, as well as case series involving four or more patients, were included. Pooled mortality rate, one-year rate, and five-year mortality rate with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were examined using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. Additionally, heterogeneity between studies was evaluated. A total of 26 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The one-year and five-year mortality rates after hip and spine fractures were 215.35-774.0 per 1,000 person-year and 148-194.1 per 1,000 person-year, respectively. After hip fractures, the one-year mortality rate was 27% (95% CI: 18-38%, I = 98%), whereas the five-year mortality rate was 56% (95% CI: 41-71%, I = 99%). After spine fractures, the one-year mortality rate was 10% (95% CI: 4-17%, I = 70%), whereas the five-year mortality rate was 48.3%. The post-fracture mortality rate was high in patients with ESKD, particularly within one year after the occurrence of fractures. Additionally, the five-year mortality rate after hip femoral or spine fractures was high at approximately 50%.
PubMed: 38161869
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49636 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022Physical function is one of the most important constructs assessed in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and it could be very useful to assess movement ability from... (Review)
Review
Physical function is one of the most important constructs assessed in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and it could be very useful to assess movement ability from the perspective of the patient. The objective of this study was to compare the content of the domains related to mobility covered by the HRQOL questionnaires based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and to evaluate their quality according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidance. For this, a systematic review was carried out in the databases Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria were development and/or validation studies about generic HRQOL measures, and the instruments had to include items related to mobility and studies written in English or Spanish. The comparison of content was performed using the ICF coding system. A total of 3614 articles were found, 20 generic HRQOL instruments were identified and 120 (22.4%) mobility-related items were found. Walking was the most represented category. Low-quality evidence on some measurement properties of the generic HRQOL instruments was revealed. The CAT-Health is a useful questionnaire to be used in rehabilitation due to its psychometric properties and its content.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Disabled Persons; Activities of Daily Living; Surveys and Questionnaires; Walking; Psychometrics
PubMed: 36554369
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416493 -
Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly :... Apr 2022This systematic review aimed to identify nutritional interventions and supplements that improve the performance for wheelchair athletes. Intervention trials involving... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aimed to identify nutritional interventions and supplements that improve the performance for wheelchair athletes. Intervention trials involving high-performance wheelchair athletes were analyzed, including those that comprised a nutritional intervention, defined as any intervention related to food, beverages, and supplementation aiming at evaluating the performance of wheelchair athletes. Of the included studies, four evaluated caffeine supplementation, of which one also evaluated sodium citrate supplementation; two studies evaluated vitamin D supplementation; one study assessed creatine monohydrate supplementation; and one assessed carbohydrate supplementation. Most studies were conducted on athletes with spinal cord injury. Athletes who consumed caffeine exhibited an improvement in performance, but this finding is not strong enough to become a recommendation.
Topics: Athletes; Athletic Performance; Caffeine; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Para-Athletes
PubMed: 34758458
DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2020-0241