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European Journal of Pharmacology Oct 2022Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent polygenic endocrine disorders in reproductive-age women. Genistein is a soy-isolated phytoestrogen and... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent polygenic endocrine disorders in reproductive-age women. Genistein is a soy-isolated phytoestrogen and isoflavone with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic, and antineoplastic activity. This systematic review aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of actions of genistein in PCOS. The present study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases up to February 2022 using relative keywords. Studies published in English evaluated genistein's effects on PCOS, and its related symptoms were considered. Out of 298 records screened, only 13 articles met the inclusion criteria: Nine animal and 4 human studies. The results of the current study indicated that genistein supplementation may effectively improve PCOS-related symptoms by decreasing insulin resistance and anthropometric indices, improving ovarian morphology and regulating reproductive hormones, and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation by influencing biological pathways. According to the current literature, genistein may diminish the dues of PCOS. Therefore, this study shows that genistein can be considered an effective agent. in reducing the complications of PCOS. However, further studies are recommended for a broad conclusion on the exact mechanism of genistein in PCOS patients.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Female; Genistein; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Phytoestrogens; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed: 36108737
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175275 -
Journal of Pharmacopuncture Dec 2019Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a vast array of physical and psychological symptoms. Of the herbal supplements mentioned for remedy PMS symptoms, chamomile used... (Review)
Review
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a vast array of physical and psychological symptoms. Of the herbal supplements mentioned for remedy PMS symptoms, chamomile used as an effective herbal medicine. The overall purpose of this review was to determine the efficacy of chamomile on the treatment PMS. An extensive research review using Web of Science, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register database, PubMed, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Psych INFO, Social Science Research Network, SID, Google Scholar, Iran Doc, Magiran and Iran Medex. Eligible studies were identified from English and Persian databases, published between 1990 and 2019. Studies were screened independently by two researchers who performed the data extraction. Of Twenty-seven studies identified, Eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Chamomile has been used to treat PMS relief because of therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory effects (Chamazulene and α-Bisabolol); anti-spasmodic effects (Apigenin, Quercetin, and Luteolin, Metoxicomarin, Matrisin, and Phytoestrogens); anti-anxiety effects (Glycine, Flavonoid). The results of this review show that Chamomile is effective for the treatment of PMS. Based on these results, we believe that Chamomile can be used as good herbal medicine to treat in women with PMS.
PubMed: 31970017
DOI: 10.3831/KPI.2019.22.028 -
International Journal of Clinical... Oct 2021Depression is one of the most common and specific symptoms among menopausal women, leading to significant personal, family, and economic burdens. Some studies have shown... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Depression is one of the most common and specific symptoms among menopausal women, leading to significant personal, family, and economic burdens. Some studies have shown that phytoestrogens can help relieve symptoms of depression.
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the efficacy and safety of phytoestrogens in treating depression among menopausal women.
METHODS
A comprehensive search for relevant studies published until November 25, 2020, was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Statistical analyses were performed with R 4.0.3.and Review Manager 5.4.
RESULTS
2183 studies were identified and 10 studies with 15 independent reports were included, involving 1248 participants. The quality of the four studies was assessed as high risk, six studies were assessed as unclear. The analyses conducted according random effects model indicated the significant positive effect on depressive symptoms for postmenopausal women compared with the placebo (SMD = -0.62; 95% CI = -1.13 to -0.12; Q = 45.62, df = 14, P < .01; I = 79%). The low dose phytoestrogens (25 mg/d ≤ dose ≤ 100 mg/d) have better effectiveness (SMD = -0.52; 95% CI = -0.85 to -0.20; I = 79%, P< .01) than high dose (dose > 100 mg/d) and ultralow dose (0 < dose < 25 mg/d), but showed no statistical significance (Q = 0.81 df = 2, P = .67). Isoflavones had better effectiveness (SMD = -0.48; 95% CI = -0.75 to 0.21; I = 75%, P < .01) than lignans of phytoestrogens (SMD = -0.22; 95% CI = -0.37 to 0.08; I = 0%, P = .96). The duration of intervention affects the efficacy of phytoestrogens (β = -0.03; 95% CI: [-0.05, 0.00]; P = .045). The effectiveness varies in regions. The adverse reactions frequently reported were gastrointestinal symptoms and cold or upper respiratory tract infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Phytoestrogen can relieve depression symptoms among menopausal, especially for postmenopausal women who take low doses(25 mg/d ≤ dose ≤ 100 mg/d) of phytoestrogens for a long-term duration. Although mild adverse reactions have been reported, phytoestrogen could be considered as a complementary treatment for postmenopausal depression.
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Menopause; Perimenopause; Phytoestrogens; Postmenopause
PubMed: 33987926
DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14360 -
International Journal of Community... Jul 2023The experience of hot flashes during menopause has a negative effect on quality of life and can cause disturbance in the workplace and disrupt daily activities.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The experience of hot flashes during menopause has a negative effect on quality of life and can cause disturbance in the workplace and disrupt daily activities. Phytoestrogens in reduce menopause symptoms due to their anti-dopaminergic effects. This study was conducted to systematically review and summarize the results of clinical trials on the effect of on hot flashes in postmenopausal women.
METHODS
In this systematic review, databases including Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Scopus, SID, and Magiran were searched using keywords such as menopause, hot flashes, , and herbal medicines; all possible combinations of these words were used with the Boolean operators of "OR" and "AND". To evaluate the quality of articles, we used Cochrane's Risk of bias tools.
RESULTS
After eliminating the duplicates, a total of 148 articles were found. Following the exclusion of irrelevant articles, 4 studies with number of 310 people were examined. Among them, 3 out of 4 studies examined the effect of on the frequency of hot flashes, 3 out of 4 studies examined the severity of hot flashes, and only 1 out of 4 studies examined the effect of on the duration of hot flashes. All 4 reviewed studies indicated that the use of reduced the frequency and severity of hot flashes in postmenopausal women. Meta-analysis results showed that the effect of Salvia Officinalis on the frequency [ES=-1.12 (%95 CI:-2.37; 0.14), I=71%] of hot flashes in postmenopausal women was significant compared to placebo, but severity [ES=-2.05 (%95 CI:-6.53; 2.43), I=70%] was not significant.
CONCLUSION
can be used to reduce the frequency of menopausal hot flashes. Expansive use of this plant can be suggested in case it is confirmed in further investigations.
Topics: Humans; Female; Hot Flashes; Salvia officinalis; Postmenopause; Quality of Life; Menopause
PubMed: 37489230
DOI: 10.30476/IJCBNM.2023.97639.2198 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2022Lipids are ubiquitous metabolites with diverse functions. Excessive lipid accumulation can trigger lipid redistribution among metabolic organs such as adipose, liver and...
BACKGROUND
Lipids are ubiquitous metabolites with diverse functions. Excessive lipid accumulation can trigger lipid redistribution among metabolic organs such as adipose, liver and muscle, thus altering the lipid metabolism. It has been revealed that disturbed lipid metabolism would cause multiple disease complications and is highly correlated with human morbidity. Resveratrol (RSV), a phytoestrogen with antioxidant, can modulate insulin resistance and lipid profile. Recently, research on RSV supplementation to improve glucose and lipid metabolism has been controversial. A meta-analysis may provide a scientific reference for the relationship between lipid metabolism and RSV supplementation.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception to October 2021 using relevant keywords. A comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. For calculating pooled effects, continuous data were pooled by mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Adopting the method of inverse-variance with a random-effect, all related statistical analyses were performed using the Rev Man V.5.3 and STATA V.15 software.
RESULTS
A total of 25 articles were incorporated into the final meta-analysis after removal of duplicates by checking titles and abstracts and excluding non-relevant articles. The selected articles had a total of 1,171 participants, including 578 in the placebo group and 593 in the intervention group. According to the current meta-analysis, which demonstrated that there was a significant decrease in waist circumference (SMD = -0.36; 95% CI: -0.59, -0.14; = 0.002; = 88%), hemoglobin A1c (-0.48; -0.69, -0.27; ≤ 0.001; = 94%), total cholesterol (-0.15; -0.3, -0.01; = 0.003; = 94%), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (-0.42; -0.57, -0.27; ≤ 0.001; = 92%), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.16; -0.31, -0.02; = 0.03; = 81%) following resveratrol administration.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that RSV has a dramatic impact on regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, and the major clinical value of resveratrol intake is for obese and diabetic patients. We hope that this study could provide more options for clinicians using RSV. Furthermore, in the future, large-scale and well-designed trials will be warranted to confirm these results.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
Website [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails], identifier [CRD42021244904].
PubMed: 35431994
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.795980 -
Nutrients Jun 2022The aim of this report was to determine the impact of flaxseed, soy and red clover, and their bioactive substances on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The aim of this report was to determine the impact of flaxseed, soy and red clover, and their bioactive substances on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women in cardiovascular diseases prevention. We used the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis indicates that the intake of flaxseed by postmenopausal women is associated with a statistically significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) levels (weighted-mean difference (WMD) = -0.26; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -0.38 to -0.13; = 0.0001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (WMD = -0.19; 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.08; = 0.0006), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD = -0.06; 95% CI: -0.11 to -0.01; = 0.0150). The effect of soy protein on the lipid profile showed a significant decrease in TC levels: WMD = -0.15; 95% CI: -0.25-0.05; = 0.0048, LDL-C levels: WMD = -0.15; 95% CI: -0.25-0.05; = 0.0067, as well as a significant increase in HDL-C levels: WMD = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02-0.08; = 0.0034. Changes in the lipid profile showed a significant reduction in TC levels after the use of red clover (WMD = -0.11; 95% CI: -0.18--0.04; = 0.0017) and a significant increase in HDL-C levels (WMD = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.07; = 0.0165). This meta-analysis provides evidence that consuming flaxseed, soy and red clover can have a beneficial effect on lipids in postmenopausal women and suggest a favorable effect in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol, LDL; Female; Flax; Humans; Phytoestrogens; Postmenopause; Glycine max; Trifolium
PubMed: 35745197
DOI: 10.3390/nu14122467 -
International Journal of Reproductive... Nov 2023The quality of life of a person and her sexual partner is impacted by sexual function. Sexual function disorders have a significant prevalence in society. There are... (Review)
Review
The quality of life of a person and her sexual partner is impacted by sexual function. Sexual function disorders have a significant prevalence in society. There are different treatments for sexual disorders, including herbal therapies. This study aimed to do a comparison of phytoestrogens and non-phytoestrogens medicinal plant's effects on sexual health in pre- and postmenopausal women. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to identify relevant articles in electronic databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and SID for English- and Persian-language articles published up to December 2021. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Heterogeneity was assessed using I statistics. Of 5428 records retrieved by searching the databases, after removing duplicate and irrelevant articles, 39 articles were included based on the inclusion criteria in the study. Finally, 18 articles with 1299 participants were included in the meta-analysis. 18 randomized clinical trial studies of phytoestrogens (n = 13) and non-phytoestrogens (n = 5) plants that used the female sexual function index questionnaire and reported the mean difference (MD) and standard deviation were included in the meta-analysis. The effects of phytoestrogens and non-phytoestrogens plants on the sexual health of postmenopausal women appear to differ significantly from one another, according to the meta-analysis (MD = 7.59; 95% CI = 4.56-10.60 and MD = 3.19; 95% CI = 1.25-5.13, respectively) but this difference was not observed in premenopausal women. The effect of phytoestrogens plants is more in menopausal women, and they can be advised to use these herbs.
PubMed: 38292511
DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v21i11.14652 -
Osteoporosis International : a Journal... Mar 2024Due to estrogen deficiency, postmenopausal women may suffer from an imbalance in bone metabolism that leads to bone fractures. Isoflavones, a type of phytoestrogen, have... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
UNLABELLED
Due to estrogen deficiency, postmenopausal women may suffer from an imbalance in bone metabolism that leads to bone fractures. Isoflavones, a type of phytoestrogen, have been suggested to improve bone metabolism and increase bone mass. Therefore, isoflavones are increasingly recognized as a promising natural alternative to hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women who face a heightened risk of osteoporosis and are susceptible to bone fractures.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of isoflavone interventions on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women by means of systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
The electronic database searches were performed on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, covering literature up to April 20, 2023. A random-effects model was used to obtain the main effect estimates, with a mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) as the effect size summary. The risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool.
RESULTS
A total of 63 randomized controlled trials comparing isoflavone interventions (n = 4,754) and placebo (n = 4,272) were included. The results indicated that isoflavone interventions significantly improved BMD at the lumbar spine (MD = 0.0175 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.0088 to 0.0263, P < 0.0001), femoral neck (MD = 0.0172 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.0046 to 0.0298, P = 0.0073), and distal radius (MD = 0.0138 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.0077 to 0.0198, P < 0.0001) in postmenopausal women. Subgroup analysis showed that the isoflavone intervention was effective for improving BMD when the duration was ≥ 12 months and when the intervention contained genistein of at least 50 mg/day.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that isoflavone interventions, especially those containing genistein of at least 50 mg/day, can effectively enhance BMD in postmenopausal women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Bone Density; Isoflavones; Genistein; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Postmenopause; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Fractures, Bone
PubMed: 37875614
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06944-y -
Nutrition Reviews Jan 2021Recent studies have outlined the potential role of dietary factors in patients who have survived cancer. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
CONTEXT
Recent studies have outlined the potential role of dietary factors in patients who have survived cancer.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence of the relation between dietary intake of phytoestrogens and their blood biomarkers and, overall, cancer-specific mortality and recurrence in patients with cancer.
DATA SOURCES
A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases of studies published up to September 2019 was performed. Databases were searched for prospective and retrospective cohort studies reporting on dietary phytoestrogen intake and/or blood biomarkers and the outcomes investigated.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data were extracted from each identified study using a standardized form.
DATA ANALYSIS
Twenty-eight articles on breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer, and glioma were included for systematic review. Given the availability of studies, a quantitative meta-analysis was performed solely for breast cancer outcomes. A significant inverse association among higher dietary isoflavone intake, higher serum/plasma enterolactone concentrations, and overall mortality and cancer recurrence was found. Among other cancer types, 2 studies reported that higher serum enterolactone and higher intake of lignans were associated with cancer-specific survival for colorectal cancer and glioma, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Dietary phytoestrogens may play a role in survival from breast cancer ; evidence regarding other cancers is too limited to draw any conclusions.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diet; Eating; Female; Humans; Isoflavones; Lignans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Phytoestrogens; Young Adult
PubMed: 32632445
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa043 -
Nutrients Jul 2021The aim of this systematic review was to provide comprehensive and available data on the possible role of phytoestrogens (PE) for the treatment of endometriosis. We...
The aim of this systematic review was to provide comprehensive and available data on the possible role of phytoestrogens (PE) for the treatment of endometriosis. We conducted an advanced, systematic search of online medical databases PubMed and Medline. Only full-length manuscripts written in English up to September 2020 were considered. A total of 60 studies were included in the systematic review. According to in vitro findings, 19 out of 22 studies reported the ability of PE in inducing anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects on cultured cells. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain this in vitro action including the alteration of cell cycle proteins, the activation/inactivation of regulatory pathways, and modification of radical oxidative species levels. Thirty-eight articles on the effects of phytoestrogens on the development of endometriotic lesions in in vivo experimental animal models of endometriosis have been included. In line with in vitro findings, results also derived from animal models of endometriosis generally supported a beneficial effect of the compounds in reducing lesion growth and development. Finally, only seven studies investigated the effects of phytoestrogens intake on endometriosis in humans. The huge amount of in vitro and in vivo animal findings did not correspond to a consistent literature in the women affected. Therefore, whether the experimental findings can be translated in women is currently unknown.
Topics: Animals; Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Phytoestrogens
PubMed: 34444692
DOI: 10.3390/nu13082532