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Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy :... Feb 2021Vagococcal infections are uncommon in humans; there are limited studies on the clinical manifestations, the optimal methods for identifications, and antimicrobial...
BACKGROUND
Vagococcal infections are uncommon in humans; there are limited studies on the clinical manifestations, the optimal methods for identifications, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for vagococcal infections. Here, we have reported a case of Vagococcus fluvialis-induced bacteremia and decubitus ulcer and have systematically reviewed other reported Vagococcus infections.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 74-year-old man presented to our emergency department with muscle weakness on his left extremities, dysarthria, and altered mental status along with fever for the past 4 days. Physical examination revealed a decubitus ulcer with foul smelling and yellowish exudative pus on his left chest wall and abdomen, forearm, thigh, and lower leg. He was empirically treated with 2.25 mg of piperacillin/tazobactam every 8 hours and 0.5 g of vancomycin every 24 hours intravenously (IV) for his decubitus ulcer. Vagococcus fluvialis was detected in both aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures (upon admission) using the VITEC 2 GP ID card (bioMérieux) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We continued the mentioned IV antimicrobial therapies for 4 weeks following which the patient was transferred to a long-term care facility for further rehabilitation.
CONCLUSIONS
To our best knowledge, this is the first literature review of Vagococcus infections in humans. Since it is challenging to distinguish Vagococcus from Enterococcus by a conventional method due to the similarity of its biochemical properties to those of Enterococcus, based on our literature review, 16S rRNA sequencing or analysis of bacterial protein profile using MALDI-TOF MS may be useful for the precise identification.
Topics: Aged; Bacteremia; Enterococcaceae; Humans; Male; Pressure Ulcer; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 33036895
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.09.019 -
Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) Jun 2024Determine the optimal antibiotic choice for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children with neurodisability. (Review)
Review
AIM
Determine the optimal antibiotic choice for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children with neurodisability.
METHODS
Embase, Ovid Emcare and MEDLINE were searched for studies from inception to January 2023. All studies, except case reports, focusing on the antibiotic treatment of LRTI in children, with neurodisabilities were included. Outcomes included length of stay, intensive care admission and mortality.
RESULTS
Nine studies met the inclusion criteria (5115 patients). All the studies were of low quality. The shortest length of stay was with anaerobic and gram-positive cover. Five studies used anaerobic, gram-positive and gram-negative cover (e.g., amoxicillin-clavulanic acid), which was frequently adequate. In one large study, it was better than gram-positive and gram-negative cover alone (e.g. ceftriaxone). Those unresponsive or more unwell at presentation improved faster on Pseudomonas aeruginosa cover (e.g., piperacillin-tazobactam).
CONCLUSION
In this context, anaerobic, gram-positive and gram-negative cover is just as effective as P. aeruginosa cover, supporting empiric treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. If there is a failure to improve, broadening to include P. aeruginosa could be considered. This is consistent with a consensus statement on the treatment of LRTI in children with neurodisability. An accepted definition for what constitutes LRTI in this cohort is required before designing prospective randomised trials.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Respiratory Tract Infections; Nervous System Diseases
PubMed: 38591640
DOI: 10.1111/apa.17240 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2024Antibiotic resistance in represents a significant global public health concern. Among various serovars, enterica serovar Typhimurium is prevalent in multiple...
OBJECTIVE
Antibiotic resistance in represents a significant global public health concern. Among various serovars, enterica serovar Typhimurium is prevalent in multiple countries. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the pattern of antibiotic resistance in . Typhimurium isolates from diverse sources in Iran.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive and systematic search for relevant articles until December 2023 in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SID. The collected data were analyzed using Stata software version 17.
RESULTS
Eighteen studies examined the pattern of antibiotic resistance in . Typhimurium for various antibiotics in Iran. Piperacillin and tetracycline exhibited the highest resistance rates, at 79 and 60% respectively, while cefixime and ceftriaxone had the lowest resistance rates at 0%.
CONCLUSION
Our findings indicate a high level of antibiotic resistance among the studied antibiotics. This high level of antibiotic resistance raises concerns and underscores the necessity for monitoring the use of antibiotics. Moreover, resistance to these antibiotics was more prevalent in samples isolated from animals compared to other sources. This highlights the importance of animal screening to detect the presence of drug-resistant isolates, with the ultimate goal of reducing antibiotic resistance and preventing the transmission of resistant strains to humans.
PubMed: 38860007
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1388790 -
The Brazilian Journal of Infectious... 2019Papiliotrema laurentii is one of several non-neoformans cryptococci that have rarely been associated with human infection, since it was previously considered saprophyte...
BACKGROUND
Papiliotrema laurentii is one of several non-neoformans cryptococci that have rarely been associated with human infection, since it was previously considered saprophyte and thought to be non-pathogenic to humans. Nevertheless, increasing number of reports of human infection have emerged in recent years, mostly in oncologic patients.
AIM
To report a case of a female patient with pyloric obstructive cancer with a catheter-related Papiliotrema laurentii blood stream infection and systematically review the available evidence on P. laurentii infection in humans.
METHODS
Retrieval of studies was based on Medical Subject Headings and Health Sciences Descriptors, which were combined using Boolean operators. Searches were run on the electronic databases Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE (PubMed), BIREME (Biblioteca Regional de Medicina), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Cochrane Library for Systematic Reviews and Opengray.eu. There was no language or date of publication restrictions. The reference lists of the studies retrieved were searched manually.
RESULTS
The search strategy retrieved 1703 references. In the final analysis, 31 references were included, with the description of 35 cases. Every patient but one had a previous co-morbidity - 48.4 % of patients had a neoplasm. Amphotericin B was the most used treatment and only a single case of resistance to it was reported. Most patients were cured of the infection.
CONCLUSION
P. laurentii infection in humans is usually associated to neoplasia and multiple co-morbidities, and amphotericin B seems to be a reliable agent for treatment.
Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Biopsy; Catheter-Related Infections; Cryptococcus; Female; Fluconazole; Humans; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Stomach Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vancomycin
PubMed: 31738886
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2019.10.005