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International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2022Heart failure is defined as a clinical syndrome consisting of key symptoms and is due to a structural and/or functional alteration of the heart that results in increased... (Review)
Review
Heart failure is defined as a clinical syndrome consisting of key symptoms and is due to a structural and/or functional alteration of the heart that results in increased intracardiac pressures and/or inadequate cardiac output at rest and/or during exercise. One of the key mechanisms determining myocardial dysfunction in heart failure is oxidative stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are short, endogenous, conserved, single-stranded non-coding RNAs of around 21-25 nucleotides in length that act as regulators of multiple processes. A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed on the evidence on the interplay between microRNA and oxidative stress in heart failure. A search of Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Scopus direct databases using the following search terms: 'heart failure' AND 'oxidative stress' AND 'microRNA' or 'heart failure' AND 'oxidative stress' AND 'miRNA' was conducted and resulted in 464 articles. Out of them, 15 full text articles were eligible for inclusion in the qualitative analysis. Multiple microRNAs are involved in the processes associated with oxidative stress leading to heart failure development including mitochondrial integrity and function, antioxidant defense, iron overload, ferroptosis, and survival pathways.
Topics: Humans; MicroRNAs; Heart Failure; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants; Cardiomyopathies
PubMed: 36499336
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315013 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2022Plant miRNAs are powerful regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, which was repeatedly proved in several model plant species. miRNAs are... (Review)
Review
Plant miRNAs are powerful regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, which was repeatedly proved in several model plant species. miRNAs are considered to be key regulators of many developmental, homeostatic, and immune processes in plants. However, our understanding of plant miRNAs is still limited, despite the fact that an increasing number of studies have appeared. This systematic review aims to summarize our current knowledge about miRNAs in spring barley (), which is an important agronomical crop worldwide and serves as a common monocot model for studying abiotic stress responses as well. This can help us to understand the connection between plant miRNAs and (not only) abiotic stresses in general. In the end, some future perspectives and open questions are summarized.
Topics: Hordeum; MicroRNAs; Stress, Physiological; Plants; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
PubMed: 36499082
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314755 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an enormous impact on the world, affecting people's lifestyle, economy, and livelihood. Recently, with the...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an enormous impact on the world, affecting people's lifestyle, economy, and livelihood. Recently, with the development of vaccines, the number of infected cases has decreased. Many case reports have revealed that COVID-19 may induce other serious comorbidities such as anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an acute autoimmune disease that occurs more commonly in women than in men. To explore the association between COVID-19 and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, the microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers of COVID-19, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, and other related diseases from the literature are reviewed; then on the basis of these miRNA biomarkers, the relationship between COVID-19 and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is discussed. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in cell differentiation, development, cell-cycle regulation, and apoptosis. miRNAs have been used as biological biomarkers for many diseases. The results in this study reveal that the relationship between anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and COVID-19 infection or COVID-19 vaccination cannot be excluded; however, the risk that COVID-19 triggers the anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is not high.
Topics: Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis; Biomarkers; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Humans; Male; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 35392089
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825103 -
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA May 2021Addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive seeking despite adverse consequences. There are both heritable and epigenetic mechanisms... (Review)
Review
Addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive seeking despite adverse consequences. There are both heritable and epigenetic mechanisms underlying drug addiction. Emerging evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs regulate synaptic plasticity and related behaviors caused by substances of abuse. These ncRNAs modify gene expression and may contribute to the behavioral phenotypes of addiction. Among the ncRNAs, the most widely researched and impactful are miRNAs. The goal in this systematic review is to provide a detailed account of recent research involving the role of miRNAs in addiction. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Small Molecule-RNA Interactions RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
Topics: Behavior, Addictive; Gene Expression; Humans; MicroRNAs; RNA, Circular; RNA, Long Noncoding; RNA, Untranslated
PubMed: 33336550
DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1637 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2023Breast cancer continues to be the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Mammography, which is the current gold standard technique used to diagnose it, presents... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Breast cancer continues to be the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Mammography, which is the current gold standard technique used to diagnose it, presents strong limitations in early ages where breast cancer is much more aggressive and fatal. MiRNAs present in numerous body fluids might represent a new line of research in breast cancer biomarkers, especially oncomiRNAs, known to play an important role in the suppression and development of neoplasms. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate dysregulated miRNA biomarkers and their diagnostic accuracy in breast cancer. Two independent researchers reviewed the included studies according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO with the registration number "CRD42021256338". Observational case-control-based studies analyzing concentrations of microRNAs which have been published within the last 10 years were selected, and the concentrations of miRNAs in women with breast cancer and healthy controls were analyzed. Random-effects meta-analyses of miR-155 were performed on the studies which provided enough data to calculate diagnostic odds ratios. We determined that 34 microRNAs were substantially dysregulated and could be considered biomarkers of breast cancer. Individually, miR-155 provided better diagnostic results than mammography on average. However, when several miRNAs are used to screen, forming a panel, sensitivity and specificity rates improve, and they can be associated with classic biomarkers such us CA-125 or CEA. Based on the results of our meta-analysis, miR-155 might be a promising diagnostic biomarker for this patient population.
Topics: Humans; Female; MicroRNAs; Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Breast; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 37175974
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098270 -
Epigenomics May 2023This study aimed to critically appraise the evidence of the diagnostic effectiveness of miRNAs for the detection of cervical cancer. A systematic review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This study aimed to critically appraise the evidence of the diagnostic effectiveness of miRNAs for the detection of cervical cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. An umbrella meta-analysis of meta-analyses of individual biomarkers was performed. A Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) assessment of evidence was also performed. A total of 52 miRNAs were included. Umbrella meta-analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in terms of sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), positive predictive value and/or negative predictive value. Umbrella effects were 0.76 (95% CI: 0.73-0.78), 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75-0.81), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.75-0.80), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.79) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.74-0.79), respectively. Moderate quality evidence suggested miR199a-5p, miR21-5p and miR-141a had excellent diagnostic performance.
Topics: Female; Humans; MicroRNAs; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Biomarkers; ROC Curve; Biomarkers, Tumor
PubMed: 37535320
DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0183 -
Genes Aug 2021SALL4 is a zinc finger transcription factor that belongs to the spalt-like (SALL) gene family. It plays important roles in the maintenance of self-renewal and...
SALL4 is a zinc finger transcription factor that belongs to the spalt-like (SALL) gene family. It plays important roles in the maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, and its expression is repressed in most adult organs. SALL4 re-expression has been observed in different types of human cancers, and dysregulation of SALL4 contributes to the pathogenesis, metastasis, and even drug resistance of multiple cancer types. Surprisingly, little is known regarding how SALL4 expression is controlled, but recently microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of SALL4. Due to the ability of regulating targets differentially in specific tissues, and recent advances in systemic and organ specific miRNA delivery mechanisms, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the interaction between SALL4 and miRNAs in mammalian development and cancer, paying particular attention to the emerging roles of the Let-7/Lin28 axis. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic prospects of targeting SALL4 using miRNA-based strategies, with a focus on the Let-7/LIN28 axis.
Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; MicroRNAs; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 34573282
DOI: 10.3390/genes12091301 -
Cancer Cell International Jun 2021Laryngeal carcinoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from the laryngeal mucosa, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. It is a rare type of cancer that... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Laryngeal carcinoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from the laryngeal mucosa, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. It is a rare type of cancer that shows a downward trend in the 5-year survival rate. In clinical practice, dysregulated microRNAs are often observed in patients with laryngeal cancer. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have confirmed that the strong biomarker potential of microRNAs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and highlight multiple microRNAs as biomarkers for disease prognosis in patients with laryngeal cancer.
METHODS
We actively searched the systematic reviews in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library to select the studies that met the proposed guidelines. A total of 5307 patients with laryngeal cancer were included in this study to evaluate the association between microRNAs expression levels and patient outcomes. For overall survival in the clinical stage, a hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) are calculated to assess the effect of survival.
RESULTS
A total of 36 studies on microRNAs and laryngeal cancer recovery were included in this meta-analysis. The selected endpoints for these studies included overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).The comorbidities of overexpression and underexpression of microRNAs were 1.13 (95% CI 1.06-1.20, P < 0.05) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.00-1.20, P < 0.05), respectively.
CONCLUSION
MiRNA-100, miRNA-155, miRNA-21, miRNA-34a, miRNA-195 and miR-let-7 are expected to be potential noninvasive and simple markers for laryngeal cancer.
PubMed: 34158050
DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02021-8 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Mar 2022Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are rare atypical parkinsonian syndromes, characterized by motor and cognitive symptoms. Their... (Review)
Review
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are rare atypical parkinsonian syndromes, characterized by motor and cognitive symptoms. Their clinical diagnosis is challenging because there are no established biomarkers. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) has been reported to serve an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the miRNA profiles of MSA and PSP patients are rarely reported. The aim of this study was to critically review the role of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers to differentiate these atypical parkinsonian disorders and their role in disease pathogenesis. A systematic literature search of PubMed was conducted up to February 2022 according the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 15 studies were analyzed. Three studies have shown that miR-9-3p, miR-19a, miR-19b, and miR-24 are potential biomarkers for MSA. In two studies, miR-132 was downregulated, whereas miR-147a and miR-518e were upregulated in the brain tissue of PSP patients. The potential of miRNA is still uncertain as a potential differential diagnostic marker to identify these disorders. Pre-analytical and analytical factors of included studies were important limitations to justify the introduction of miRNAs into clinical practice.
Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; MicroRNAs; Multiple System Atrophy; Parkinsonian Disorders; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive
PubMed: 35454322
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040483 -
Cancers Jul 2023Differentiating glioma from primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) can be challenging, and current diagnostic measures such as MRI and biopsy are of limited... (Review)
Review
Differentiating glioma from primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) can be challenging, and current diagnostic measures such as MRI and biopsy are of limited efficacy. Liquid biopsies, which detect circulating biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRs), may provide valuable insights into diagnostic biomarkers for improved discrimination. This review aimed to investigate the role of specific miRs in diagnosing and differentiating glioma from PCNSL. A systematic search was conducted of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for articles on liquid biopsies as a diagnostic method for glioma and PCNSL. Sixteen dysregulated miRs were identified with significantly different levels in glioma and PCNSL, including miR-21, which was the most prominent miR with higher levels in PCNSL, followed by glioma, including glioblastoma (GBM), and control groups. The lowest levels of miR-16 and miR-205 were observed in glioma, followed by PCNSL and control groups, whereas miR-15b and miR-301 were higher in both tumor groups, with the highest levels observed in glioma patients. The levels of miR-711 were higher in glioma (including GBM) and downregulated in PCNSL compared to the control group. This review suggests that using these six circulating microRNAs as liquid biomarkers with unique changing patterns could aid in better discrimination between glioma, especially GBM, and PCNSL.
PubMed: 37509289
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143628