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Head & Neck Oct 2020The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in oral epithelial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in oral epithelial dysplasia and assess p16 overexpression in relation to HPV-status. A systematic literature search identified 31 eligible studies (832 cases) evaluating the presence of HPV DNA in oral epithelial dysplasia cases by PCR. Of these, six studies evaluated p16 overexpression in relation to HPV-status. The overall pooled prevalence of HPV DNA in oral epithelial dysplasia was 27.2% (95% CI: 17.6-38.1). We observed substantial interstudy heterogeneity, which could not be explained by differences in continent, tissue type, or severity of epithelial dysplasia. HPV16 was the predominant genotype detected. Moreover, 62.2% of HPV positive and 17.8% of HPV negative oral epithelial dysplasia samples stained intensively positive for p16 . This meta-analysis found that 27% of oral epithelial dysplasia harbor HPV DNA. Whether this represents a transient infection or has a carcinogenic role is unknown.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Carcinoma in Situ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; DNA, Viral; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 32573035
DOI: 10.1002/hed.26330 -
Pathology, Research and Practice Mar 2021Several studies suggested that high expression of Bcl2 and/or p53 in Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells is an unfavorable prognostic factor in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). However,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIMS
Several studies suggested that high expression of Bcl2 and/or p53 in Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells is an unfavorable prognostic factor in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). However, results in this field appear contrasting. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of p53 and Bcl2 in HL through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Electronic databases were searched from January 2000 to December 2020 for all studies assessing the prognostic value of p53 and Bcl2 in HL. The association of high p53 or Bcl2 expression with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and response to treatment was assessed by using hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR).
RESULTS
Eighteen studies were included. Bcl2 overexpression was significantly associated with decreased PFS (HR = 2.202; p < 0.0001), while the associations with decreased OS (HR = 1.565; p = 0.257) and refractoriness to treatment (OR = 0.482; p = 0.068) were non-significant. p53 overexpression was not significantly associated with refractoriness to treatment (OR = 0.904; p = 0.155); the analysis of OS and PFS was not feasible, but published data suggested the absence of a significant association.
CONCLUSIONS
In HL, Bcl2 overexpression is associated with decreased PFS, while a significant prognostic value could not be demonstrated for p53. Defining optimal criteria for interpreting Bcl2 and p53 immunostaining is necessary to draw definitive conclusions.
Topics: Chemoradiotherapy; Disease-Free Survival; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
PubMed: 33618247
DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153370 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 2-3% of the population of patients >65 years. Although the standard diagnosis of PD... (Review)
Review
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 2-3% of the population of patients >65 years. Although the standard diagnosis of PD is clinical, neuroimaging plays a key role in the evaluation of patients who present symptoms related to neurodegenerative disorders. MRI, DAT-SPECT, and PET with [F]-FDG are routinely used in the diagnosis and focus on the investigation of morphological changes, nigrostriatal degeneration or shifts in glucose metabolism in patients with parkinsonian syndromes. The aim of this study is to review the current PET radiotracers targeting TSPO, a transmembrane protein that is overexpressed by microglia in another pathophysiological process associated with neurodegenerative disorders known as neuroinflammation. To the best of our knowledge, neuroinflammation is present not only in PD but in many other neurodegenerative disorders, including AD, DLB, and MSA, as well as atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Therefore, in this study, specific patterns of microglial activation in PD and the differences in distribution volumes of these radiotracers in patients with PD as compared to other neurodegenerative disorders are reviewed.
PubMed: 36980337
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061029 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2022Wound healing is a complex process that is mediated and influenced by several cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine that plays... (Review)
Review
Wound healing is a complex process that is mediated and influenced by several cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine that plays a critical role in tissue regeneration. Our study is a systematic review that addressed the implications of IL-22 in the healing of wounds caused by external factors. Thirteen studies were included in our review, most of them being experimental studies. Three clinical studies underlined the potential role of IL-22 in day-to-day clinical practice. IL-22 plays a central role in wound healing, stimulating the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the cells involved in tissue repair. However, overexpression of IL-22 can cause negative effects, such as keloid scars or peritoneal adhesions. The results of the presented studies are promising, but further research that validates the roles of IL-22 in clinical practice and analyzes its potential implication in surgical healing is welcomed.
Topics: Chemokines; Cytokines; Interleukins; Wound Healing; Interleukin-22
PubMed: 35409053
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073693 -
Life Sciences Nov 2022Eating behavior is regulated by central and peripheral signals, which interact to modulate the response to nutrient intake. Central control is mediated by the... (Review)
Review
Eating behavior is regulated by central and peripheral signals, which interact to modulate the response to nutrient intake. Central control is mediated by the hypothalamus through neuropeptides that activate the orexigenic and anorexigenic pathways. Energy homeostasis depends on the efficiency of these regulatory mechanisms. This neuroendocrine regulation of hunger and appetite can be modulated by nutritional sensors such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Thus, this systematic review discusses the literature on correlations between AMPK and hypothalamic neuropeptides regarding control of eating behavior. Lilacs, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched for articles published from 2009 to 2021 containing combinations of the following descriptors: "eating behavior," "hypothalamus," "neuropeptide," and "AMPK." Of the 1330 articles found initially, 27 were selected after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the selected articles, 15 reported decreased AMPK activity, due to interventions using angiotensin II infusion, fructose, glucose, cholecystokinin, leptin, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection; dietary control through a low-protein diet or a high-fat diet (60 % fat); induction of hyperthyroidism; or injection of AMPK inhibitors. Seven studies showed a decrease in neuropeptide Y (NPY) through CV4 AICAR administration; fructose, glucose, leptin, or angiotensin II injections; or infusion of LPS from Escherichia coli and liver kinase B1 (LKB1) overexpression. Eleven studies reported a decrease in food consumption due to a decrease in AMPK activity and/or hypothalamic neuropeptides such as NPY. The results indicate that there is a relationship between AMPK and the control of eating behavior: a decrease in AMPK activity due to a dietary or non-dietary stimulus is associated with a consequent decrease in food intake. Furthermore, AMPK activity can be modulated by glucose, thyroid hormones, estradiol, leptin, and ghrelin.
Topics: Leptin; Ghrelin; Neuropeptide Y; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Lipopolysaccharides; Angiotensin II; Hypothalamus; Neuropeptides; Feeding Behavior; Eating; Cholecystokinin; Glucose; Thyroid Hormones; Estradiol; Adenosine Monophosphate; Fructose
PubMed: 36096244
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120947 -
Cancers Jul 2022Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane protein involved in numerous cellular functions which has had increasing interest from cancer researchers. Liver cancer and... (Review)
Review
Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane protein involved in numerous cellular functions which has had increasing interest from cancer researchers. Liver cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two of the most frequent and deadly tumors with a complex pharmacological framework. Here, we assessed the prognostic, diagnostic and clinicopathological value of NRP1 in liver cancer and CRC patients. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases for articles evaluating the NRP1 correlation with survival parameters, tumor development or clinicopathological features. Hazard ratios and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were extracted or estimated by Parmar method and pooled to evaluate the overall effect size with STATA 16 software. Heterogeneity was analyzed by chi-square-based Q test and I statistic, along with meta-regression and subgroup analysis, and publication bias was assessed by funnel plot asymmetry and Egger's test. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022307062). NRP1 overexpression was significantly correlated with lower survival in liver cancer patients and with tumor development in hepatocarcinoma patients, and was strongly correlated with an increased risk of vascular invasion in liver cancer and metastasis in CRC and liver tumors. These results support the role of NRP1 as a potential and useful biomarker in both types of cancer.
PubMed: 35884516
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143455 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Oct 2021The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of c-Met overexpression with survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of c-Met overexpression with survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients.
METHODS
A systematic review with meta-analyses was conducted on related articles from PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Cochrane databases with last updated search on October 31, 2020. A total of 7 studies regarding c-Met overexpression and overall survival (OS) and/or progression free survival (PFS) are included in this study.
RESULTS
All studies used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of c-Met protein. The results showed that the positive rate of c-Met overexpression was detected in approximately 33,9% - 60,5% of GBM patients. c-Met overexpression was related to worse OS (HR: 1,74; 95% CI: 1,482-2,043; Z=6,756; p<0,001) and PFS (HR: 1,66; 95% CI: 1,327-2,066; Z=4,464; p<0,001) in GBM patients. Low heterogeneity of subjects was found in both OS and PFS analyses, I2 values were 7,8% and 0,0%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, c-Met overexpression is significantly related to shorter OS and PFS in GBM patients, so c-Met can be considered as a potential prognostic indicator in GBM.
Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Glioblastoma; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
PubMed: 34710981
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.10.3075 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Up to 80% of breast cancers (BCa) are estrogen receptor positive and current treatments target the estrogen receptor (endocrine therapies) and/or CDK4/6 (CDK4/6... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Up to 80% of breast cancers (BCa) are estrogen receptor positive and current treatments target the estrogen receptor (endocrine therapies) and/or CDK4/6 (CDK4/6 inhibitors). encodes the protein cyclin D1, responsible for regulation of G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle. amplification is common in BCa and contributes to increased cyclin D1 expression. As there are signalling interactions between cyclin D1 and the estrogen receptor, understanding the impact of amplification on estrogen receptor positive patients' disease outcomes, is vital. This review aims to evaluate amplification as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in BCa.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Publications were retrieved from the databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane library. Exclusion criteria were duplication, publication type, non-English language, and animal studies, not BCa, male BCa, premenopausal BCa, cohort size <35, amplification not reported. Publications with cohort duplication, and inadequate recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) data, were also excluded. Included publications were assessed for Risk of Bias (RoB) using the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool. Statistical analyses (Inverse Variance and Mantel-Haenszel) were performed in Review Manager. The PROSPERO registration number is [CRD42020208179].
RESULTS
amplification was significantly associated with positive estrogen receptor status (OR:1.70, 95% CI:1.19-2.43, p = 0.004) and cyclin D1 overexpression (OR: 5.64, 95% CI: 2.32-13.74, p=0.0001). amplification was significantly associated with shorter RFS (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13-2.38, p = 0.009), and OS (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.19-1.92, p = 0.0008) after removal of studies with a high RoB. In endocrine therapy treated patients specifically, amplification predicted shorter RFS (HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.96-3.41, p < 0.00001) and OS (HR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.00-2.49, p = 0.05) also after removal of studies with a high RoB.
CONCLUSION
While a lack of standardised approach for the detection of amplification is to be considered as a limitation, amplification was found to be prognostic of shorter RFS and OS in BCa. amplification is also predictive of reduced RFS and OS in endocrine therapy treated patients specifically. With standardised methods and cut offs for the detection of amplification, amplification would have potential as a predictive biomarker in breast cancer patients.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020208179.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cyclin D1; Gene Amplification; Humans; Postmenopause; Prognosis; Receptors, Estrogen
PubMed: 35784572
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.895729 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) has been observed in a wide range of human tumors, and there is an increasing evidence demonstrated that HSPs play a key...
BACKGROUND
Overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) has been observed in a wide range of human tumors, and there is an increasing evidence demonstrated that HSPs play a key role in tumor progression. Several studies were conducted to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic value of HSPs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the results remain controversial. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
The eligible literature was obtained from PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of science, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wan Fang databases. We used the odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) as the suitable parameters to assess the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of HSPs in HCC patients.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis results showed that HSPs expression was associated with overall survival (OS) of HCC patients (HR = 1.61, 95%CI = 1.22-2.13, =0.001, = 62.7%). In addition, the pooled results suggested that HSPs expression was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation (OR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.08-1.65, = 0.907), vascular invasion (OR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.02-1.69, = 0.921) and lymphatic metastasis (OR=1.98, 95%CI= 1.70-2.31, = 0.740). Meanwhile, the subgroup analysis showed a significant correlation between the expression of HSP27 (HR=1.69, 95%CI = 1.24-2.31, = 0.674) and HSP90α (HR=2.03, 95%CI = 1.73-2.40, = 0.743) with OS of HCC patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis confirms that HSPs expression is closely associated with a worse prognosis in HCC patients, and may be directly involved in tumor differentiation and distant metastasis. In addition, the subgroup analysis results demonstrate that the expression of HSP27 and HSP90α can be served as potential prognostic predictors of HCC.
PubMed: 37601679
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1169979 -
Cancers Jul 2020Aquaporin (AQP) channels enable regulated transport of water and solutes essential for fluid homeostasis, but they are gaining attention as targets for anticancer...
Aquaporin (AQP) channels enable regulated transport of water and solutes essential for fluid homeostasis, but they are gaining attention as targets for anticancer therapies. Patterns of AQP expression and survival rates for patients were evaluated by systematic review (PubMed and Embase) and transcriptomic analyses of RNAseq data (Human Protein Atlas database). Meta-analyses confirmed predominantly negative associations between AQP protein and RNA expression levels and patient survival times, most notably for AQP1 in lung, breast and prostate cancers; AQP3 in esophageal, liver and breast cancers; and AQP9 in liver cancer. Patterns of AQP expression were clustered for groups of cancers and associated with risk of death. A quantitative transcriptomic analysis of AQP1-10 in human cancer biopsies similarly showed that increased transcript levels of AQPs 1, 3, 5 and 9 were most frequently associated with poor survival. Unexpectedly, increased AQP7 and AQP8 levels were associated with better survival times in glioma, ovarian and endometrial cancers, and increased AQP11 with better survival in colorectal and breast cancers. Although molecular mechanisms of aquaporins in pathology or protection remain to be fully defined, results here support the hypothesis that overexpression of selected classes of AQPs differentially augments cancer progression. Beyond fluid homeostasis, potential roles for AQPs in cancers (suggested from an expanding appreciation of their functions in normal tissues) include cell motility, membrane process extension, transport of signaling molecules, control of proliferation and apoptosis, increased mechanical compliance, and gas exchange. AQP expression also has been linked to differences in sensitivity to chemotherapy treatments, suggesting possible roles as biomarkers for personalized treatments. Development of AQP pharmacological modulators, administered in cancer-specific combinations, might inspire new interventions for controlling malignant carcinomas.
PubMed: 32679804
DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071911