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In Vivo (Athens, Greece) 2022Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy with a rising incidence. There is a need for a non-invasive preoperative test to enable better... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/AIM
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy with a rising incidence. There is a need for a non-invasive preoperative test to enable better patient counselling. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the potential role of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the diagnosis and prognosis of PTC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Scopus databases (last search date was December 1, 2021). Studies investigating the expression of miRNAs in the serum or plasma of patients with PTC were deemed eligible for inclusion.
RESULTS
Among the 1,533 screened studies, 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, 108 miRNAs candidates were identified in the serum, plasma, or exosomes of patients suffering from PTC. Furthermore, association of circulating miRNAs with thyroid cancer-specific clinicopathological features, such as tumor size (13 miRNAs), location (3 miRNAs), extrathyroidal extension (9 miRNAs), pre- vs. postoperative period (31 miRNAs), lymph node metastasis (17 miRNAs), TNM stage (9 miRNAs), BRAF V600E mutation (6 miRNAs), serum thyroglobulin levels (2 miRNAs), I avid metastases (13 miRNAs), and tumor recurrence (2 miRNAs) was also depicted in this study.
CONCLUSION
MiRNAs provide a potentially promising role in the diagnosis and prognosis of PTC. There is a correlation between miRNA expression profiles and specific clinicopathological features of PTC. However, to enable their use in clinical practice, further clinical studies are required to validate the predictive value and utility of miRNAs as biomarkers.
Topics: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Papillary; Circulating MicroRNA; Humans; MicroRNAs; Mutation; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 35738604
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12866 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Sep 2023The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the available data on the association of the BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the available data on the association of the BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence rate of ameloblastomas.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This systematic review was registered in Prospero (CRD42020183645) and performed based on the PRISMA statement. A comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases was performed in order to answer the question "Does BRAF V600E mutation affect recurrence rate of ameloblastomas?" Methodological quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were assessed with JBI Critical Appraise Tool. Meta-analysis of quantitative data was conducted with RevMan 5.3 and Jamovi 2.3.
RESULTS
The initial search identified 302 articles, and 21 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 855 subjects with ameloblastoma were included in the analysis. The pooled measures for frequency of BRAF V600E mutation was 65.30% (95% CI: 0.56-0.75; p < .001; I = 90.85%; τ = 0.205; p < .001), and the pooled recurrence rate was 25.30% (95% CI: 0.19-0.31; p < .001; I = 79.44%; τ = 0.118; p < .001). No differences in recurrence rate were observed between the BRAF V600E and wild type BRAF ameloblastomas, with a pooled Odds Ratio of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.56-1.54; p = .78; I = 31%; p = .09).
CONCLUSIONS
BRAF V600E mutation is a frequent event in ameloblastomas, but does not increase nor reduce its recurrence rate, and thus have a limited value in predicting its prognosis.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Mutation; Prognosis
PubMed: 37364158
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13458 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia... 2019Many published studies have estimated the association of rs2435357 and rs1800858 polymorphisms in the proto-oncogene rearranged during transfection (RET) gene with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Many published studies have estimated the association of rs2435357 and rs1800858 polymorphisms in the proto-oncogene rearranged during transfection (RET) gene with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) risk. However, the results remain inconsistent and controversial.
AIM
To perform a meta-analysis get a more accurate estimation of the association of rs2435357 and rs1800858 polymorphisms in the RET proto-oncogene with HSCR risk.
METHODS
The eligible literatures were searched by PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to June 30, 2018. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the susceptibility to HSCR.
RESULTS
A total of 20 studies, including ten (1,136 cases 2,420 controls) for rs2435357 and ten (917 cases 1,159 controls) for rs1800858 were included. The overall results indicated that the rs2435357 (allele model: OR=0.230, 95% CI 0.178-0.298, p=0.001; homozygote model: OR=0.079, 95% CI 0.048-0.130, p=0.001; heterozygote model: OR=0.149, 95% CI 0.048-0.130, p=0.001; dominant model: OR=0.132, 95% CI 0.098-0.179, p=0.001; and recessive model: OR=0.239, 95% CI 0.161-0.353, p=0.001) and rs1800858 (allele model: OR=5.594, 95% CI 3.653-8.877, p=0.001; homozygote model: OR=8.453, 95% CI 3.783-18.890, p=0.001; dominant model: OR=3.469, 95% CI 1.881-6.396, p=0.001; and recessive model: OR=6.120, 95% CI 3.608-10.381, p=0.001) polymorphisms were associated with the increased risk of HSCR in overall.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the rs2435357 and rs1800858 polymorphisms in the RET proto-oncogene might be associated with HSCR risk.
Topics: Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hirschsprung Disease; Humans; Polymorphism, Genetic; Proto-Oncogene Mas; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 31644668
DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020190001e1448 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2022Ameloblastoma is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that needs extensive surgical resection. The goal of this article is to obtain an in-depth review of benign... (Review)
Review
Ameloblastoma is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that needs extensive surgical resection. The goal of this article is to obtain an in-depth review of benign ameloblastomas to determine the available level of evidence and the possible benefit of targeted therapeutics for the treatment of ameloblastoma and BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastoma. An electronic literature search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines in PubMed/MEDLINE, EBSCO, and Web of Science for eligible studies published between 1975 and 2021. The systematic review is registered with INPLASY (INPLASY202260018). The review included 2 case series and 17 case reports. The histopathological type, anatomic location, expression of BRAF mutation, additional mutations, and molecular-targeted therapies of the 19 reviewed articles were summarized and tabulated. Interestingly, the majority of the primary site of ameloblastoma was located in the mandible (80.9%) compared to the maxilla (17%). The tumour size was reported in nine of the included studies. Most of the included studies in the review exhibited ameloblastoma with BRAF V600E mutations and responded to molecular-targeted therapies. Molecular therapies employing BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors in ameloblastoma with BRAF V600E mutations proved to be an appropriate treatment based on the limited available evidence. It is essential further to deepen our understanding at the clinical and molecular level to enhance the precision of management of ameloblastoma.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Mutation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
PubMed: 36656197
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_456_22 -
Urologia Feb 2024The major barriers to phytonutrients in prostate cancer therapy are non-specific mechanisms and bioavailability issues. Studies have pointed to a synergistic combination... (Review)
Review
The major barriers to phytonutrients in prostate cancer therapy are non-specific mechanisms and bioavailability issues. Studies have pointed to a synergistic combination of curcumin (CURC) and ursolic acid (UA). We investigate this combination using a systematic review process to assess the most likely mechanistic pathway and human testing in prostate cancer. We used the PRISMA statement to screen titles, abstracts, and the full texts of relevant articles and performed a descriptive analysis of the literature reviewed for study inclusion and consensus of the manuscript. The most common molecular and cellular pathway from articles reporting on the pathways and effects of CURC ( = 173) in prostate cancer was NF-κB ( = 25, 14.5%). The most common molecular and cellular pathway from articles reporting on the pathways and effects of UA ( = 24) in prostate cancer was caspase 3/caspase 9 ( = 10, 41.6%). The three most common molecular and cellular pathway from articles reporting on the pathways and effects of both CURC and UA ( = 193) in prostate cancer was NF-κB ( = 28, 14.2%), Akt ( = 22, 11.2%), and androgen ( = 19, 9.6%). Therefore, we have identified the potential synergistic target pathways of curcumin and ursolic acid to involve NF-κB, Akt, androgen receptors, and apoptosis pathways. Our review highlights the limited human studies and specific effects in prostate cancer.
Topics: Male; Humans; Ursolic Acid; Curcumin; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Apoptosis; Triterpenes; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 37776274
DOI: 10.1177/03915603231202304 -
Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Jul 2021Increased thromboembolism (TE) has been reported in ALK+ and ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Increased thromboembolism (TE) has been reported in ALK+ and ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) of TE were calculated from meta-analysis and time-to-event analysis respectively for either ALK+ or ROS1+ NSCLC patients.
RESULTS
We identified eight studies (766 ALK+, 143 ROS1+, 2314 non-ALK+ and non-ROS1+ NSCLC patients) for the meta-analysis. For ALK+ NSCLC, the pooled OR was 2.00 (95% CI: 1.60-2.50) for total TE (TTE) by random-effects model, 2.10 (95% CI: 1.70-2.60) for venous thromboembolism (VTE), and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.80-1.91) for arterial thromboembolism (ATE). For ROS1+ NSCLC, the pooled OR was 3.08 (95% CI: 1.95-4.86) for TTE, and 3.15 (95% CI: 1.83-5.43) for VTE. Six studies (739 ALK+, 137 ROS1+, 561 EGFR+, 714 "wildtype" NSCLC patients) were included in the time-to-event analysis. The TTE incidence rate was 17.4 (95% CI: 15.3-19.5) per 100 pateint-years for ALK+ NSCLC, and 32.1 (95% CI: 24.6-39.6) per 100 patient-years for ROS1+ NSCLC with a 50 % cumulative incidence rate at year 3 of diagnosis. HR for TTE was 2.35 (95% CI: 1.90-2.92, p < 0.001) and 3.23 (95% CI: 2.40-4.34, p < 0.001) for ALK+ and ROS1+ NSCLC, respectively. Comparing ROS1+ NSCLC to ALK+ NSCLC, HR for TTE was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.05-1.79, p = 0.020).
CONCLUSIONS
ALK+ and ROS1+ NSCLC patients had an increased risk of TE. ROS1+ NSCLC had further increased risk of TE over ALK+ NSCLC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Gene Rearrangement; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
PubMed: 34049720
DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.05.019 -
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health... Feb 2024Ameloblastoma is an aggressively growing jaw tumor with high recurrent properties. Reports on global and racial distribution of ameloblastoma are variable and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Ameloblastoma is an aggressively growing jaw tumor with high recurrent properties. Reports on global and racial distribution of ameloblastoma are variable and inconclusive. The role of race and ethnicity on ameloblastoma growth characteristics, genetic mutational profile, and recurrence is also still unclear. The primary aim of this systematic review was to assess genetic, racial, and ethnic distribution of primary and recurrent ameloblastoma from published literature. The secondary aim was to assess potential correlations between ethnicity, genetic mutation, and disparities in ameloblastoma treatment outcomes in Afro-descendants and non-Afro-descendants. Twenty-three eligible articles were selected based on preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA), and a total of 169 ameloblastoma cases were evaluated. Data on patient demographics, ameloblastoma growth characteristics, and genetic status were collected for quantitative analysis. Among a total of 169 ameloblastoma cases, Afro-descendant patients had higher primary and recurrent ameloblastomas at 15.5% and 4.7% respectively compared to non-Afro-descendant at 10.7% and 1.8% respectively. Additionally, BRAF V600E was positively associated with 48.8% of all ameloblastomas and strong predilection for Afro-descendants. Despite the paucity of information on genetic profile of ameloblastomas in the Afro-descendant patient cohort, this ethnic group still accounted for 2.95% of all BRAF V600E-positive tumors. These suggest that Afro-descendants are understudied regarding ameloblastoma characteristics, genetic profile, and recurrence profile. Mutational analysis of ameloblastoma tumors in Afro-descendants should be promoted.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Jaw Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Mutation
PubMed: 36596981
DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01500-6 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2023Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) characterized by a hallmark translocation of t (11; 14). CD10 negativity has been used to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) characterized by a hallmark translocation of t (11; 14). CD10 negativity has been used to differentiate MCL from other NHL types; however, recently, there has been an increase in the number of reported cases of CD10-positive MCL. This warrants further investigation into this rarer immunophenotype and its clinical significance. BCL6, which is a master transcription factor for the regulation of cell proliferation and key oncogene in B cell lymphomagenesis, has been reported to have co-expression with CD10 in MCL. The clinical significance of this aberrant antigen expression remains unknown. We conducted a systematic review by searching four databases and selected five retrospective analyses and five case series. Two survival analyses were conducted to determine if BCL6 positivity conferred a survival difference: 1. BCL6+ vs. BCL6- MCL. 2. BCL6+/CD10+ vs. BCL6-/CD10+ MCL. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine if BCL6 positivity correlated with the Ki67 proliferation index (PI). Overall survival (OS) rates were performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Our analyses revealed that BCL6+ MCL had significantly shorter overall survival (median OS: 14 months vs. 43 months; = 0.01), BCL6+/CD10+ MCL had an inferior outcome vs. BCL6+/CD10- MCL (median OS: 20 months vs. 55 months = 0.1828), BCL6+ MCL had significantly higher percentages of Ki67% (Ki67% difference: 24.29; = 0.0094), and BCL6 positivity had a positive correlation with CD10+ status with an odds ratio 5.11 (2.49, 10.46; = 0.0000286). Our analysis showed that BCL6 expression is correlated with CD10 positivity in MCL, and BCL6 expression demonstrated an inferior overall survival. The higher Ki67 PI in BCL6+ MCL compared to BCL6- MCL further supports the idea that the BCL6+ immunophenotype may have prognostic value in MCL. MCL management should consider incorporating prognostic scoring systems adjusted for BCL6 expression. Targeted therapies against BCL6 may offer potential therapeutic options for managing MCL with aberrant immunophenotypes.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell; Neprilysin; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Ki-67 Antigen
PubMed: 37373354
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210207 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Apr 2021A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway mutations in patients with head and neck cancer... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway mutations in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Overall, 105 studies comprising 8630 patients and 1306 mutations were selected. The estimated mutations prevalence was 13 % for PIK3CA (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 11-14; I = 82 %; p < 0.0001), 4% for PTEN (95 % CI = 3-5; I = 55 %; p < 0.0001), 3% for MTOR (95 % CI = 2-4; I = 5%; p = 0.40), and 2% for AKT (95 % CI = 1-2; I = 50 %; p = 0.0001). We further stratified the available data of the participants according to risk factors and tumor characteristics, including HPV infection, tobacco use, alcohol exposure, TNM stage, and histological tumor differentiation, and performed subgroup analysis. We identified significant associations between PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway-associated mutations and advanced TNM stage (odds ratio [OR] = 0.20; 95 % CI = 0.09-0.44; I² = 71 %; p = 0.0001) and oropharyngeal HPV-positive tumors and PIK3CA mutations (OR = 17.48; 95 % CI = 4.20-72.76; I² = 69 %; p < 0.0002). No associations were found between alcohol and tobacco exposure, and tumor differentiation grade. This SR demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway emerges as a potential prognostic factor and could offer a molecular basis for future studies on therapeutic targeting in HNC patients.
Topics: Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mutation; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Prevalence; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
PubMed: 33675910
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103284 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Oct 2022Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) have overlapping histopathological appearances and sites of occurrence, which may cause diagnostic...
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) have overlapping histopathological appearances and sites of occurrence, which may cause diagnostic difficulty impacting subsequent treatment. We conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature to determine whether molecular alterations were sufficiently different in MEC and ASC to aid in classifying the two entities. We searched Medline, Embase and Web of Science for studies reporting molecular determinations of ASC and/or MEC and screened retrieved records for eligibility. Two independent researchers reviewed included studies, assessed methodological quality and extracted data. Of 8623 identified records, 128 articles were included for analysis: 5 which compared the two tumors in the same investigation using the same methods and 123 which examined the tumors separately. All articles, except one were case series of moderate to poor methodological quality. The 5 publications examining both tumors showed that 52/88 (59%) MEC and 0% of 110 ASC had rearrangement of the MAML2 gene as detected by FISH and/or RT-PCR, but did not investigate other genes. In the entire series MEC had MAML2 gene rearrangement in 1337/2009 (66.6%) of tumors studied. The articles examining tumors separately found that MEC had mutations in EGFR (11/329 cases, 3.3%), KRAS (11/266, 4.1%) and ERBB2 (9/126, 7.1%) compared with ASC that had mutations in EGFR (660/1705, 38.7%), KRAS (143/625, 22.9%) and ERBB2 (6/196, 3.1%). The highest level of recurrent mutations was in pancreatic ASC where (108/126, 85.7%) reported mutations in KRAS. The EGFR mutations in ASC were similar in number and kind to those in lung adenocarcinoma. By standards of systematic review methodology and despite the large number of retrieved studies, we did not find adequate evidence for a distinctive molecular profile of either MEC or ASC that could definitively aid in its classification, especially in histologically difficult cases that are negative for MAML2 rearrangement. The case series included in this review indicate the relevance of MAML2 rearrangement to support the diagnosis of MEC, findings that should be confirmed by additional research with adequate study design.
Topics: Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; DNA-Binding Proteins; ErbB Receptors; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Nuclear Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Trans-Activators; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 35871081
DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01100-z