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Frontiers in Neurology 2023The recognition of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) as a distinct clinical condition that impacts hearing capacity and mental health has gained attention. Although... (Review)
Review
The recognition of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) as a distinct clinical condition that impacts hearing capacity and mental health has gained attention. Although pure tone audiometry is the gold standard for assessing hearing, it inadequately reflects everyday hearing abilities, especially in challenging acoustic environments. Deficits in speech perception in noise, a key aspect of APD, have been linked to an increased risk of dementia. The World Health Organization emphasizes the need for evaluating central auditory function in cases of mild hearing loss and normal audiometry results. Specific questionnaires play a crucial role in documenting and quantifying the difficulties faced by individuals with APD. Validated questionnaires such as the Children's Auditory Processing Performance Scale, the Fisher's Auditory Problems Checklist, and the Auditory Processing Domains Questionnaire are available for children, while questionnaires for adults include items related to auditory functions associated with APD. This systematic review and meta-analysis identified six questionnaires used for screening and evaluating APD with a total of 783 participants across 12 studies. The questionnaires exhibited differences in domains evaluated, scoring methods, and evaluation of listening in quiet and noise. Meta-analysis results demonstrated that individuals with APD consistently exhibited worse scores compared to healthy controls across all questionnaires. Additionally, comparisons with clinical control groups showed varying results. The study highlights (i) the importance of standardized questionnaires in identifying and assessing APD, aiding in its diagnosis and management, and (ii) the need to use sub-scores as well as overall scores of questionnaires to elaborate on specific hearing and listening situations. There is a need to develop more APD specific questionnaires for the adult population as well as for more focused research on APD diagnosed individuals to further establish the validity and reliability of these questionnaires.
PubMed: 37621857
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1243170 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Aug 2023Cerebellar impairment (CI) manifests from different etiologies resulting in a heterogenic clinical presentation affecting walking and mobility. Case-reports were... (Review)
Review
Assessment and tailored physical rehabilitation approaches in persons with cerebellar impairments targeting mobility and walking according to the International Classification of Functioning: a systematic review of case-reports and case-series.
PURPOSE
Cerebellar impairment (CI) manifests from different etiologies resulting in a heterogenic clinical presentation affecting walking and mobility. Case-reports were reviewed to provide an analytical clinical picture of persons with CI (PwCI) to differentiate cerebellar and non-cerebellar impairments and to identify interventions and assessments used to quantify impact on walking and mobility according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Literature was searched in PubMed, Web Of Science and Scopus. Case-reports conducting physical rehabilitation and reporting at least one outcome measure of ataxia, gait pattern, walking or mobility were included.
RESULTS
28 articles with a total of 38 different patients were included. Etiologies were clustered to: spinocerebellar degenerations, traumatic brain injuries, cerebellar tumors, stroke and miscellaneous. The interventions applied were activity-based, including gait and balance training. Participation based activities such as tai chi, climbing and dance-based therapy had positive outcomes on mobility. Outcomes on body function such as ataxia and gait pattern were only reported in 22% of the patients.
CONCLUSIONS
A comprehensive test battery to encompass the key features of a PwCI on different levels of the ICF is needed to manage heterogeneity. Measures on body function level should be included in interventions.
PubMed: 37639546
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2248886 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023Sensorimotor synchronization strategies have been frequently used for gait rehabilitation in different neurological populations. Despite these positive effects on gait,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Sensorimotor synchronization strategies have been frequently used for gait rehabilitation in different neurological populations. Despite these positive effects on gait, attentional processes required to dynamically attend to the auditory stimuli needs elaboration. Here, we investigate auditory attention in neurological populations compared to healthy controls quantified by EEG recordings. Literature was systematically searched in databases PubMed and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were investigation of auditory attention quantified by EEG recordings in neurological populations in cross-sectional studies. In total, 35 studies were included, including participants with Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). A meta-analysis was performed on P3 amplitude and latency separately to look at the differences between neurological populations and healthy controls in terms of P3 amplitude and latency. Overall, neurological populations showed impairments in auditory processing in terms of magnitude and delay compared to healthy controls. Consideration of individual auditory processes and thereafter selecting and/or designing the auditory structure during sensorimotor synchronization paradigms in neurological physical rehabilitation is recommended.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Attention; Parkinson Disease; Gait; Electroencephalography
PubMed: 38030693
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47597-5 -
American Journal of Audiology Jun 2021Purpose People with hearing impairment (HI) face numerous challenges that can be minimized with the use of hearing aids and cochlear implants. Despite technological... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Purpose People with hearing impairment (HI) face numerous challenges that can be minimized with the use of hearing aids and cochlear implants. Despite technological advances in these assistive hearing devices, musical perception remains difficult for these people. Tests and protocols developed to assess the musical perception of this audience were the target of this systematic review, whose objective was to investigate how assessments of musical perception in people with HI are carried out. Method Searches for primary articles were carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and ASHAWire databases. Search results were managed using EndNote X9 software, and analysis was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Statement. Results The 16 cross-sectional included studies analyzed music perception data from people with HI compared to a control group of participants with normal hearing. Among these, four studies were selected to be included in a meta-analysis, performed with timbre and melody. Variability was observed in the tests and between the levels of auditory perception skills analyzed in relation to the components of music. With respect to the tests, sound stimuli generated by synthesizers were the most used stimuli; with the exception of timbre evaluation, the most frequent test environment was a booth with sound attenuation, and the average intensity for presenting sound stimuli was 70 dB SPL. The most evaluated sound component was pitch, followed by rhythm and timbre, with a pattern of responses based on adaptive and psychoacoustic methods. Conclusions The heterogeneity of the musical parameters and the auditory abilities evaluated by the tests is a fact that can compromise evidence found in this area of study. It is worth considering the quality of samples that were recorded with real musical instruments and digitized afterward, in comparison with synthesized samples that do not seem to accurately represent real instruments. The need to minimize semantic parallelism that involves the auditory skills and elements of music involved in the assessment of musical perception is highlighted.
Topics: Auditory Perception; Cochlear Implants; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hearing Loss; Humans; Music; Pitch Perception
PubMed: 33784174
DOI: 10.1044/2021_AJA-20-00146 -
Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology :... Jun 2021Performing a cognitive task and a motor task simultaneously is an everyday act that can lead to decreased performance on both tasks.
BACKGROUND
Performing a cognitive task and a motor task simultaneously is an everyday act that can lead to decreased performance on both tasks.
OBJECTIVE
To provide insight into the neural correlates associated with cognitive-motor dual tasking in individuals with a neurologic disorder.
METHOD
We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies that had been published up to January 16th, 2019. Studies investigating the neural correlates of cognitive-motor dual task performance in individuals with a variety of neurologic disorders were included, independently from whether the study included healthy controls. Clinical and imaging data were abstracted for the comparison between single tasks and a dual task in the individuals with a neurologic disorder and for the comparison between the healthy controls and the individuals with a neurologic disorder.
RESULTS
Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Study populations included individuals with Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. Neuroimaging types used to study the neural correlates of cognitive-motor dual tasking during upper limb or gait tasks included fMRI, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, EEG, and PET.
CONCLUSION
Despite large heterogeneity in study methodologies, some recurrent patterns were noted. Particularly, in neurologic patients, an already higher brain activation during single tasks was seen compared with healthy controls, perhaps compromising the patients' ability to further adapt brain activation with increasing load during dual tasking and resulting in reduced behavioral dual task performance.
Topics: Brain; Cognition; Gait; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nervous System Diseases; Psychomotor Performance
PubMed: 34074863
DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000269 -
European Journal of Physical and... Feb 2020Fatigability, a change in performance according to tasks and circumstances, can contribute to walking limitations in daily life. Walking-related fatigability (WF) has...
INTRODUCTION
Fatigability, a change in performance according to tasks and circumstances, can contribute to walking limitations in daily life. Walking-related fatigability (WF) has been assessed subjectively, but current knowledge on best objective measurement methods is limited. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of objective clinical measurement methods assessing WF in different populations.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
Articles were searched in Pubmed and Web Of Science by two independent raters. Studies were included when meeting inclusion criteria of measuring WF objectively in a clinical setting, with no exclusion towards any population. Case studies and reviews were not included in the review (systematic review registration number: PROSPERO - CRD42017074121). In total, 28 articles were included. The study populations were older adults (N.=7), multiple sclerosis (N.=14), spinal muscle atrophy (N.=3), osteoarthritis (N.=3), interstitial lung diseases (N.=1), and myasthenia gravis (N.=1). Data about patient characteristics, walking task, WF formula and interpretation (cut-off values and/or psychometric properties) got extracted from included literature. Every included article got checked for quality and risk of bias.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
WF was mostly measured during longer walking test such as six-minute walking test (6MWT) and 500 or 400-m walking test, by comparing the first and last minute or lap for spatiotemporal or kinematic changes in well-defined formulas. No gold standard is however available yet given different tasks or outcome measures across study populations.
CONCLUSIONS
Longer walking test were most often used, with a preference towards the 6MWT, thereby comparing the changes over the last and first part of the test. Psychometric properties need more documentation before inclusion as experimental outcome.
Topics: Fatigue; Humans; Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; Psychometrics; Walk Test; Walking
PubMed: 31742368
DOI: 10.23736/S1973-9087.19.05878-7