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Pituitary Feb 2023In the past few decades, acromegaly and colonic polyps have been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Previous studies highlighted the importance of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
In the past few decades, acromegaly and colonic polyps have been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Previous studies highlighted the importance of serum biomarkers of colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly.
METHODS
We reviewed studies on serum biomarkers of colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly, published on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Chinese databases from January 1, 1966, to May 8, 2022. Meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted using Stata MP 14.0.
RESULTS
Eight articles were included in this study. The mean (standard deviation) concentrations of serum biomarkers for acromegaly with and without colorectal polyps were extracted from these studies. Meta-analysis results showed that, compared to patients without colonic polyps, the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 × upper limit of normal range (IGF-1 × ULN) and fasting insulin were significantly increased; while the levels of growth hormone (GH) were significantly decreased in patients with acromegaly and colonic polyps (IGF-1 × ULN: SMD 0.23; 95% CI 0.03-0.42, p < 0.05) (fasting insulin: SMD 0.95; 9 5% CI 0.11-1.8, p < 0.05) (GH: SMD - 0.25; 95% CI - 0.41 to - 0.08, p < 0.05). IGF-1 and FPG levels did not differ significantly (IGF-1: SMD -0.03; 95% CI - 0.22 to 0.17, p > 0.05) (FPG: SMD 0.14; 95% CI - 0.23 to 0.52, p > 0.05). The systematic review results suggest no significant differences in hemoglobin A1C, TSH, free thyroxine, FT4, T3, PRL, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, fibrinogen, clathrate antigen, serum antigen 19-9, and α-fetoprotein levels, but serum Klotho levels.
CONCLUSION
We present the first meta-analysis and systematic review of serum biomarkers in patients with acromegaly or colonic polyps. The prevalence of colonic lesion polyps, is associated with higher IGF-1 × ULN levels, higher insulin levels in acromegaly. Further research is required to confirm GH and serum soluble Klotho levels as biomarkers of colonic polyps. When IGF-1 × ULN, fasting insulin levels change in patients with acromegaly, the occurrence of colonic polyps should be monitored. Early detection may reduce the possibility of developing malignant colon neoplasms.
Topics: Humans; Acromegaly; Colonic Polyps; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Growth Hormone; Human Growth Hormone; Insulin; Biomarkers
PubMed: 36542278
DOI: 10.1007/s11102-022-01287-z -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2024This study examines the impact of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) on various aspects of children's health-from the realms... (Review)
Review
This study examines the impact of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) on various aspects of children's health-from the realms of growth and puberty to the nuanced characteristics of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, liver pathology, carcinogenic potential, and cardiovascular disorders. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, with a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method employing specific keywords related to child health, obesity, and insulin-like growth factors. This study reveals associations between insulin-like growth factor 1 and birth weight, early growth, and adiposity. Moreover, insulin-like growth factors play a pivotal role in regulating bone development and height during childhood, with potential implications for puberty onset. This research uncovers insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor 2 as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, and it also highlights the association between insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and cancer. Additionally, this research explores the impact of insulin-like growth factors on cardiovascular health, noting their role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Insulin-like growth factors play vital roles in human physiology, influencing growth and development from fetal stages to adulthood. The impact of maternal obesity on children's IGF levels is complex, influencing growth and carrying potential metabolic consequences. Imbalances in IGF levels are linked to a range of health conditions (e.g., insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes), prompting researchers to seek novel therapies and preventive strategies, offering challenges and opportunities in healthcare.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Female; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Insulin-Like Peptides; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38612776
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073966 -
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice :... Oct 2023Cachexia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in patients with cancer. This meta-analysis aims to explore the effect of anamorelin on cancer... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Cachexia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in patients with cancer. This meta-analysis aims to explore the effect of anamorelin on cancer cachexia markers.
METHODS
We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, and WOS from their inception until 5 June 2022. A systematic search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We included trials investigating the effect of anamorelin on body weight, lean body mass, fat mass, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), handgrip, quality of life insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and in patients with cancer. A random-effects model was run to pooled results.
RESULTS
Five articles providing 1331 participants were analyzed in this study. Pooled analysis revealed a significant increase in body weight (weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.56 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20, 1.92; = 0%), lean body mass (WMD: 1.36 kg, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.86; = 53.1%), fat mass (WMD: 1.02 kg, 95% CI: 0.51, 1.53; = 60.7%), IGF-1 (WMD: 51.16 ng/mL, 95% CI: 41.42, 60.90, = 0%), and IGFBP-3 (WMD: 0.43 μg/mL, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.68, = 98.6%). Results showed no significant increase in appetite when analysis run on all studies without considering different doses 0.29 (95% CI: -0.30, 0.89, = 73.8%), however, there was a significant increase in appetite without heterogeneity and inconsistency 0.59 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.86; = 0%) in the 100 mg/day group compared to anamorelin non-user.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with cancer who receive anamorelin as a treatment for cachexia showed a significant increase in body weight, lean body mass, fat mass, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3.
Topics: Humans; Cachexia; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Hand Strength; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Neoplasms; Body Weight
PubMed: 37525932
DOI: 10.1177/10781552231189864 -
The World Journal of Biological... Oct 2022Growth factors are signalling molecules that play roles in the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of cells. Studies have found alterations in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Growth factors are signalling molecules that play roles in the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of cells. Studies have found alterations in specific growth factors in anorexia nervosa (AN).
METHODS
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined articles from three databases, measuring growth factors in AN cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and in recovered AN (rec-AN) cross-sectionally. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin growth factor-I (IGF-1) for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
RESULTS
A total of 82 studies were included: 56 cross-sectional (BDNF: = 15; IGF-1: = 41) and 24 longitudinal (BDNF: = 5; IGF-1: = 19) were meta-analysed and 20 studies were narratively synthesised. In cross-sectional analyses, BDNF and IGF-1 were lower in AN compared to controls, and BDNF was marginally greater in rec-AN compared to controls. In longitudinal meta-analyses, BDNF and IGF-1 increased from baseline to follow-up. Cross-sectional subgroup analyses revealed no differences in BDNF between controls and AN binge-eating/purging subtypes.
CONCLUSIONS
It is likely that the low BDNF and IGF-1 levels found in AN are consequences of starvation, which are reversible with weight restoration. The increase in BDNF and IGF-1 during therapeutic weight restoration might improve neuroplasticity, which is the basis of learning, and thus psychotherapeutic success.
Topics: Humans; Anorexia Nervosa; Cross-Sectional Studies; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Longitudinal Studies
PubMed: 34875968
DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.2015432 -
International Journal of Clinical... Nov 2021Many studies have investigated the association between serum IGF-1 and IGFBP levels with gastric cancer (GC), but the results remained inconclusive. In this work, we... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Many studies have investigated the association between serum IGF-1 and IGFBP levels with gastric cancer (GC), but the results remained inconclusive. In this work, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the precise association of serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP with GC.
METHODS
A comprehensive systematic search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases for (nested) case-control studies that reported the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP in GC cases and healthy controls, from inception until October 2020. Weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated for estimating combined effect size. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify the source of heterogeneity among studies.
RESULTS
We found eight and five eligible studies (with 1541 participants) which provided data for IGF-1 and IGFBP, respectively. All studies on IGFBP reported the IGFBP-3 isoform. The pooled results indicate that GC patients had significantly lower serum IGF-1 [WMD = -26.21 ng/mL (95% CI, -45.58 to -6.85; P = .008)] and IGFBP-3 [WMD = -0.41 ng/mL (95% CI, -0.80 to -0.01; P = .04; I = 89.9%; P < .001)] levels than those in healthy subjects. Significant heterogeneity was observed in the association, which could be attributed to the sample size of the studies.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, our study reveals a significantly lower level of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in GC patients compared with healthy control subjects.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 34469629
DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14764 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Nov 2020In recent years, a number of studies have shown abnormal levels of peripheral insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with mood disorder, but the results are not... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
In recent years, a number of studies have shown abnormal levels of peripheral insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with mood disorder, but the results are not uniform. Therefore, this paper focuses on such studies, conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis, and discusses the factors affecting peripheral IGF-1 in patients with mood disorder.
METHODS
Cochrane database, PubMed database, Embase database, CNKI database, Wanfang Database and Weipu database were searched by computer. The retrieval time was from June 2020 to search for a controlled study of the relationship between bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder and normal control peripheral IGF-1. Review Manager (version 5.3) software was used for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 14 articles in Chinese and English were included; 285 patients with BD and 503 patients with major depressive disorder. Meta-analysis showed that in comparison with the control group, IGF-1 levels in peripheral blood of patients with BD (MD =67.66, 95% CI: 7.01-128.31, P=0.03) and major depressive disorder (MD =8.01, 95% CI: 3.43-12.58, P=0.0006) were significantly increased. In the meta-analysis comparing the peripheral IGF-1 levels of patients before and after treatment, the results showed no significant change in the peripheral IGF-1 level before and after treatment (P=0.53).
CONCLUSIONS
High peripheral IGF-1 level is a related factor of BD and major depressive disorder, although this needs to be confirmed by further large sample studies.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Databases, Factual; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
PubMed: 33302664
DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-1967 -
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research Jul 2022Accumulated evidence has proved that both neuroinflammation and neuroprotection existing at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may mediate its progression,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The impact of physical activity on blood inflammatory cytokines and neuroprotective factors in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.
BACKGROUND
Accumulated evidence has proved that both neuroinflammation and neuroprotection existing at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may mediate its progression, which can conversely be modulated by physical activity (PA). However, further research is needed to clarify which factors are involved in that process.
OBJECTIVES
To identify the impact of PA on inflammatory cytokines and neuroprotective factors in individuals with MCI.
METHODS
Four databases [PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Library (Trials), Embase and Web of Science Core Collection] were searched from their inception to October 2021 for randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the biochemical effect of PA on biomarkers in participants with MCI. Pooled effect size was calculated by the standardized mean difference (SMD).
RESULTS
A total of 13 RCTs involving 514 participants by reporting 8 inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, -6, -8, -10, -15, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and 5 neuroprotective factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), irisin] were included. The meta-analysis showed that PA had positive effects on decreasing TNF-α (SMD = - 0.32, 95% CI - 0.58 to 0.07, p = 0.01; I = 32%) and CRP (SMD = - 0.68, 95% CI - 1.05 to 0.32, p = 0.0002; I = 18%), while significantly improving BDNF (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.09-0.56, p = 0.007; I = 42%) and IGF-1 (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI 0.03-0.81, p = 0.03; I = 0%).
CONCLUSION
PA had a certain effect on inhibiting inflammatory cytokines but promoting neuroprotective factors in individuals with MCI which may provide a possible explanation for the potential molecular mechanism of PA on cognitive improvement.
Topics: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C-Reactive Protein; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cytokines; Exercise; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 35025094
DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-02069-6 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Cardiovascular (CV) disorders are steadily increasing, making them the world's most prevalent health issue. New research highlights the importance of insulin-like growth...
INTRODUCTION
Cardiovascular (CV) disorders are steadily increasing, making them the world's most prevalent health issue. New research highlights the importance of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) for maintaining CV health.
METHODS
We searched PubMed and MEDLINE for English and non-English articles with English abstracts published between 1957 (when the first report on IGF-1 identification was published) and 2022. The top search terms were: IGF-1, cardiovascular disease, IGF-1 receptors, IGF-1 and microRNAs, therapeutic interventions with IGF-1, IGF-1 and diabetes, IGF-1 and cardiovascular disease. The search retrieved original peer-reviewed articles, which were further analyzed, focusing on the role of IGF-1 in pathophysiological conditions. We specifically focused on including the most recent findings published in the past five years.
RESULTS
IGF-1, an anabolic growth factor, regulates cell division, proliferation, and survival. In addition to its well-known growth-promoting and metabolic effects, there is mounting evidence that IGF-1 plays a specialized role in the complex activities that underpin CV function. IGF-1 promotes cardiac development and improves cardiac output, stroke volume, contractility, and ejection fraction. Furthermore, IGF-1 mediates many growth hormones (GH) actions. IGF-1 stimulates contractility and tissue remodeling in humans to improve heart function after myocardial infarction. IGF-1 also improves the lipid profile, lowers insulin levels, increases insulin sensitivity, and promotes glucose metabolism. These findings point to the intriguing medicinal potential of IGF-1. Human studies associate low serum levels of free or total IGF-1 with an increased risk of CV and cerebrovascular illness. Extensive human trials are being conducted to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and outcomes of IGF-1-related therapy.
DISCUSSION
We anticipate the development of novel IGF-1-related therapy with minimal side effects. This review discusses recent findings on the role of IGF-1 in the cardiovascular (CVD) system, including both normal and pathological conditions. We also discuss progress in therapeutic interventions aimed at targeting the IGF axis and provide insights into the epigenetic regulation of IGF-1 mediated by microRNAs.
Topics: Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Epigenesis, Genetic; Heart; Myocardial Infarction; MicroRNAs; Cardiac Output
PubMed: 36843588
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1142644 -
Nutrition and Cancer 2023In this systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials (CCTs) we aimed to investigate the efficacy of KDs as an adjuvant therapy on cardiometabolic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
In this systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials (CCTs) we aimed to investigate the efficacy of KDs as an adjuvant therapy on cardiometabolic outcomes in patient with cancer compared to conventional non-ketogenic diets. Only CCTs involving cancer patients that were assigned to either a KD or a standard diet control group were selected. Two reviewers independently extracted the data, and a meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to estimate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and confidence intervals (CIs) in body composition, metabolite, lipid profile, liver and kidney function parameters and quality of life. This meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in body weight (WMD= -2.99 kg; 95% CI: -4.67, -1.31; and < 0.001), BMI (WMD= -1.08 kg/m; 95% CI: -1.81, -0.34; ≤ 0.002) and fat mass (WMD= -1.48 kg; 95% CI: -2.56, -0.40; and = 0.007) by a KD. KDs significantly decreased glucose (WMD= -5.22 mg/dl; 95% CI: -9.0, -1.44; and = 0.007), IGF-1 (WMD= -17.52 ng/ml; 95% CI: -20.24, -14.8; and P ˂0.001) and triglyceride (WMD= -24.46 mg/dl; 95% CI: -43.96, -4.95; and = 0.014) levels. Furthermore, KDs induced ketosis by increasing β-hydroxybutyrate (WMD= 0.56 mmol/l; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.75; and < 0.001). There were non-significant pooled effects of KDs on improving insulin, C-reactive protein and cholesterol levels and kidney and liver function. Emotional functioning was even increased significantly in the KD compared to the SD groups. In summary we found that KDs result in a greater reduction in glucose, IGF-1, triglycerides, body weight, BMI, and fat mass in cancer patients compared to traditional non-ketogenic diets and improved emotional functioning. The quality of evidence in the meta-analysis was moderate according to the Nutrigrade assessment.
Topics: Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Quality of Life; Diet, Ketogenic; Body Weight; Neoplasms; Glucose
PubMed: 36110060
DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2117388 -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) May 2022According to studies, there are many inconsistencies in how IGF-1 levels change after bariatric surgery compared to before surgery, as well as its effects. These... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
According to studies, there are many inconsistencies in how IGF-1 levels change after bariatric surgery compared to before surgery, as well as its effects. These discrepancies can be attributed to various factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), and duration of intervention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) after bariatric surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis based on the PRISMA guidelines was conducted from inception until 2021. From 1871 articles initially selected, 24 studies with 28 treatment arms met the eligible criteria and were included. Pooled findings from the random-effects model indicated that IGF-1 levels increased significantly [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 8.84 ng/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-17.39; p = 0.043] after bariatric surgery compared to before surgery. No significant heterogeneity was noted among the studies (Cochran Q test, p = 0.90, I = 0.0%). In subgroup analysis, bariatric surgery significantly increased IGF-1 levels at age <40 years but not at age ≤40 years. Bariatric surgery is capable of increasing the IGF-1 levels compared to the period prior to surgery but with a modest clinical magnitude.
Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Body Mass Index; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
PubMed: 35034953
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01051-6