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Hormones (Athens, Greece) Jun 2021Findings regarding the effects of resistance training (RT) on muscle strength, serum level of IGF-1, and its binding proteins are contradictory. To resolve this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Effects of resistance training on muscle strength, insulin-like growth factor-1, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in healthy elderly subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BACKGROUND
Findings regarding the effects of resistance training (RT) on muscle strength, serum level of IGF-1, and its binding proteins are contradictory. To resolve this contradiction, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of RT on muscle strength, the levels of serum IGF-1, and IGF-binding protein-3 in the elderly and aged.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases and reference lists of included studies were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing subjects who underwent RT and control individuals up to May 15, 2020. This study was performed following the Preferred Items for Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We identified and analyzed 11 eligible trials in this meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Pooled data displayed an overall significant elevation in IGF-1 (mean difference (MD): 17.34 ng/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.23, 27.46) and in muscle strength in leg press (SMD: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.30, 1.34) and bench press (SMD: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.42, 1.23) following RT. By contrast, the pooled estimate showed a non-significant elevation in IGFBP-3 (MD: 0.13 ng/ml; 95% CI: - 39.39, 39.65). Subgroup analysis revealed that the elevation in serum IGF-1 levels after RT was significant only in women (MD: 19.30 ng/ml); moreover, it increased after intervention durations of both > 12 weeks (MD: 21.98 ng/ml) and of ≤ 12 weeks (MD: 15.31 ng/ml).
CONCLUSION
RT was associated with elevated muscle strength. Moreover, RT was correlated with increased serum levels of IGF-1 among women and among those who received the training for ≤ 12 weeks or > 12 weeks. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the impact of RT on IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and muscle strength.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Muscle Strength; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Resistance Training
PubMed: 33442864
DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00250-6 -
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2021Biomarkers for delirium could increase diagnostic accuracy and may help to identify pathological pathways. Until now study findings concerning cytokine levels have been... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Consistent patterns in the inconsistent associations of Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), C-Reactive Protein (C-RP) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels with delirium in surgical populations. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Biomarkers for delirium could increase diagnostic accuracy and may help to identify pathological pathways. Until now study findings concerning cytokine levels have been inconsistent.
AIMS
Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between peripheral levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), C-Reactive Protein (C-RP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and delirium in surgical patients, and to explore if there are distinct/specific patterns that may potentially explain inconsistent results.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were: prospective studies, surgical populations excluding preoperative delirium, available data. The following were collected: type of operation (orthopaedic, abdominal, etc), the timing of operation (acute, elective, both), demographics, number of participants with delirium, time of preoperative blood withdrawal, and preoperative levels of each biomarker.
RESULTS
Low levels of IGF-1 (n = 7 studies) are significantly associated with post-operative delirium in abdominal surgical samples. High levels of C-RP (n = 9) are associated with delirium in acute orthopaedic and elective abdominal operations. IL-6 (n = 14) is a significant predictor of post-operative delirium in a variety of surgical conditions (elective or acute).
DISCUSSION
A common pattern exists in the otherwise conflicting reported findings. This similarity may reflect different underling mechanisms and predisposing factors like cachexia and catabolic stages. It seems that delirium in abdominal surgery is triggered by IGF-1 disturbances, while in other surgeries by an inflammatory reaction.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the contradictory results concerning the association of IGF-1, C-RP and IL-6 with postoperative delirium, the present meta-analysis shows that there are certain patterns. IL-6 seems a consistent predictor for delirium in surgical samples.
Topics: C-Reactive Protein; Delirium; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Interleukin-6; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 34536657
DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104518 -
In Vivo (Athens, Greece) 2020The insulin-like growth factor bioregulation system is implicated in cancer biology. Herein, we aim to review the evidence on the expression of the insulin-like growth... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/AIM
The insulin-like growth factor bioregulation system is implicated in cancer biology. Herein, we aim to review the evidence on the expression of the insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2 (IGF1 and IGF2), their receptors (IGF-Rs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) in thyroid tissue and their possible association with benign and malignant thyroid nodular diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We systematically reviewed Pubmed and Scopus databases up to May 2020. A total of 375 articles were retrieved and analyzed.
RESULTS
Among 375 articles, 45 were included in this systematic review study. IGF1 was investigated in 31 studies, IGF2 in 1, IGF1 receptor in 15 and IGF-binding proteins in 13 articles. IGF1 expression in humans was dependent on the number and compound of benign nodules as well as the method of measurement. In differentiated thyroid carcinoma, a positive correlation between IGF1 and immunohistological stage was documented in some studies while in others only a positive trend was observed. IGF-1R and IGFBPs expression was higher in malignant rather than benign lesions. There was only a positive trend for increased IGF2 expression in malignancy, while IGFBPs were in most studies statistically increased in various cancer types compared to benign nodular disease.
CONCLUSION
The present data demonstrate that in most studies there is statistically positive expression of IGF-1 and less of IGF-2 in thyroid cancer compared to normal thyroid tissue.
Topics: Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Phosphorylation; Receptor, IGF Type 1; Signal Transduction; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 33144411
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12141 -
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD 2021Alterations in levels of peripheral insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported in several studies, and results are inconsistent. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Alterations in levels of peripheral insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported in several studies, and results are inconsistent.
OBJECTIVE
We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between peripheral and cerebrospinal fluid IGF-1 levels and AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
METHODS
A systematic search in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted and 18 studies were included.
RESULTS
Results of random-effects meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference between AD patients and healthy control (17 studies; standard mean difference [SMD], -0.01; 95%CI, -0.35 to 0.32) and between MCI patients and healthy control (6 studies; SMD, -0.20; 95%CI, -0.52 to 0.13) in peripheral IGF-1 levels. Meta-regression analyses identified age difference might explain the heterogeneity (p = 0.017). However, peripheral IGF-1 levels were significantly decreased in AD subjects (9 studies; SMD, -0.44; 95%CI, -0.81 to -0.07) and MCI subjects exhibited a decreasing trend (4 studies; SMD, -0.31; 95%CI, -0.72 to 0.11) in studies with sample size≥80. Cerebrospinal fluid IGF-1 levels also significantly decreased in AD subjects (3 studies; SMD, -2.40; 95%CI, -4.36 to -0.43).
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that decreased peripheral and cerebrospinal fluid IGF-1 levels might be a potential marker for the cognitive decline and progression of AD.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Biomarkers; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
PubMed: 34151815
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-210516 -
Current Medicinal Chemistry 2023Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) is associated with breast cancer in menopausal women. Naturally occurring biomolecules found in common dietary protocols, such as... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Flavonoids on Insulin-like Growth Factor and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein and Incidence of Breast Cancer.
BACKGROUND
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) is associated with breast cancer in menopausal women. Naturally occurring biomolecules found in common dietary protocols, such as flavonoids, play a key role in the inhibition and treatment of cancer. In-vitro/in-vivo studies showed that treatment involving flavonoids led to a reduced risk of breast cancer due to the decrease of IGF-1 level in addition to an increased insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3. However, clinical studies did not show conclusive results in this regard because they are contradictory.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to find the effect of flavonoids on IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and the incidence of breast cancer.
METHODS
This systematic review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and EMBASE databases to collect results about the clinical use of flavonoids and their effects on breast cancer. After eliminating duplicate articles, the title and abstract of the remaining articles were examined in thematic communication, and related clinical articles were selected and studied based on inclusion criteria. The data were extracted from each article, and then statistical analysis was subsequently carried out by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.
RESULTS
The results showed that the effect of flavonoids on changes in IGF1 and IGFBP-3 was not statistically significant. No significant heterogeneity was detected across the studies. Pooled effect size also indicated that the mean change was not statistically significant. No significant heterogeneity was detected across the studies. There was no evidence of publication bias for IGF1 and IGFBP-3.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis study suggests that flavonoid supplementations have no significant effect on IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, and a high soy diet has beneficial effects on IGF system components, which might be useful in breast cancer.
Topics: Female; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Breast Neoplasms; Incidence; Flavonoids; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins
PubMed: 35927904
DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220801164740 -
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Jun 2023Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) secretion is thought to be induced by a semi-essential amino acid called arginine (Arg). Existing research on the effect of Arg on... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) secretion is thought to be induced by a semi-essential amino acid called arginine (Arg). Existing research on the effect of Arg on IGF-1 levels has provided conflicting results. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of acute and chronic Arg supplementation on IGF-1 levels.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched until November 2022. The meta-analysis was performed using random- and fixed-effects models. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also carried out. Publication bias was assessed using Begg's test.
RESULTS
Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. Chronic Arg supplementation did not significantly change IGF-1 levels (SMD = 0.13 ng/ml; %95 CI: -0.21, 0.46; p = 0.457). Furthermore, the IGF-1 level was not significantly affected by acute Arg supplementation (SMD = 0.10 ng/mL; CI: -0.42, 0.62; p = 0.713). The meta-analysis results did not change following subgroup analyses based on the duration, dosage, age, placebo, and study population.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, there was no significant effect of Arg supplementation on IGF-1 concentration. The meta-analyses revealed no acute or chronic Arg supplementation impact on IGF-1 levels.
Topics: Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Arginine; Dietary Supplements
PubMed: 37202084
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.02.024 -
The prevalence of acromegaly is higher than previously reported: Changes over a three-decade period.Clinical Endocrinology Dec 2022To study time-related changes in the prevalence and patient characteristics of acromegaly, as well as to assess the impact of changes in treatment on disease control.
OBJECTIVE
To study time-related changes in the prevalence and patient characteristics of acromegaly, as well as to assess the impact of changes in treatment on disease control.
METHODS
A total of 107 patients with acromegaly were identified by healthcare registries and subsequently validated by patient chart review over a three-decade period (1992-2021). A systematic literature review focusing on the incidence and prevalence of acromegaly was performed identifying 31 studies.
RESULTS
The prevalence of acromegaly significantly increased throughout the study period (R = 0.94, p < .001) and was 122 cases/10 persons in 2021 whereas the annual incidence remained constant at 4.6 cases/10 persons. The age at the first sign of acromegaly and the age at diagnosis significantly increased during the study period, whereas growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I decreased. Incidentalomas constituted 32% of all cases diagnosed with acromegaly in the last decade. Primary surgery was used in 93% of all cases, and repeated surgery decreased from 24% to 10% during the three decades. The use of first-generation somatostatin analogues (21%-48%) and second-line medical treatment (4%-20%) increased with a concomitant improvement of biochemical disease control (58%-91%).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of acromegaly is higher than previously reported and the clinical presentation has shifted towards a milder phenotype. Modern treatment of acromegaly enables individualized treatment and disease control in the majority of patients.
Topics: Humans; Acromegaly; Prevalence; Adenoma; Somatostatin; Human Growth Hormone; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
PubMed: 36163677
DOI: 10.1111/cen.14828 -
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive... 2022The relationship between delirium and low levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is contradictory and uncertain. We hypothesised that low levels of IGF-1 are a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The relationship between delirium and low levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is contradictory and uncertain. We hypothesised that low levels of IGF-1 are a predisposing factor for delirium in medical and abdominal surgical cohorts, in contrast to other surgical cohorts.
AIMS
Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between peripheral levels of IGF-1 and delirium in medical and surgical patients to explore if there are distinct patterns of associations by using subgroup meta-analysis.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were prospective studies in medical and surgical populations and available data. The following were collected: the setting (surgical/medical), the type (orthopaedic surgery, abdominal, cardiovascular, or medical), the number of participants, mean age, the number of delirious patients, scale/criteria for delirium, IGF-1 levels, and MMSE.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies were included and analysed. Low levels of IGF-1 are significantly associated with delirium in abdominal surgical samples and medical samples but not in the other surgical samples. Age, cognition, and the setting (medical vs. surgical) do not have any significant effect on the differences in IGF-1 levels between those with and without delirium.
DISCUSSION
Delirium in acute medical and abdominal surgery is triggered by low IGF-1 which may reflect chronic conditions like frailty/cachexia/sarcopenia, while in other surgeries perhaps from an inflammatory process.
CONCLUSIONS
Low peripheral levels of IGF-1 are a predisposing factor for delirium only in acute medical and abdominal surgery. More studies are needed to confirm and to explore further this finding.
Topics: Humans; Delirium; Frailty; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 36689931
DOI: 10.1159/000527061 -
Journal of Endocrinological... Dec 2022Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has increasingly been reported as linked to cardiovascular (CV) events; however, reported results have been inconsistent, and no... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has increasingly been reported as linked to cardiovascular (CV) events; however, reported results have been inconsistent, and no meta-analysis has been undertaken to quantitatively assess this association.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for cohort articles published up to December 1, 2020. Fixed or random-effects models were used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CV events in relation to IGF-1. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the dose-response association.
RESULTS
We identified 11 articles (thirteen cohort studies) covering a total of 22,995 participants and 3040 CV events in this meta-analysis. The risk of overall CV events reduced by 16% from the highest to the lowest IGF-1 levels (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72-0.95), while the occurrence of CV events reduced by 28% (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.92), but not for CV deaths, however (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.65-1.55). We also found linear associations between IGF-1 levels and CV events. With each per 45 μg/mL IGF-1 increase, the pooled RRs were 0.91 (95% CI 0.86-0.96), 0.91 (95% CI 0.85-0.97) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.84-0.98) for overall CV events, for the occurrence of CV events, and for CV deaths, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings based on cohort studies support the contention that any increase in IGF-1 is helpful in reducing the overall risk of CV events. As an important biomarker for assessing the likelihood of CV events, IGF-1 appears to offer a promising prognostic approach for aiding prevention.
Topics: Humans; Risk Factors; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Cohort Studies; Prognosis; Cardiovascular Diseases
PubMed: 35596917
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01819-1 -
European Neuropsychopharmacology : the... Dec 2020The neurotrophin hypothesis indicates that neurotrophic factors are important for the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), with alterations in peripheral... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The neurotrophin hypothesis indicates that neurotrophic factors are important for the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), with alterations in peripheral neurotrophin levels having potential clinical application for MDD. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the diagnostic value for MDD of peripheral neurotrophin levels in cross-sectional studies and the association between peripheral neurotrophin levels and the response to antidepressant treatment in longitudinal studies. Published studies in the PubMed and Web of Science databases were systematically searched up to February 2020. The search terms included depressive disorder, neurotrophic factor, serum/plasma and their synonyms. Human studies reporting on BDNF, GDNF, IGF-2, VEGF, NGF, FGF-2, and S100B levels in MDD patients were included. Data comparing MDD patients and healthy controls, and/or between responders and non-responders before and after antidepressant treatment were extracted. A random effects model was used to calculate standardized mean differences. A total of 177 original studies were identified, including 139 cross-sectional and 38 longitudinal studies. Significantly reduced BDNF and NGF levels and significantly elevated IGF-1, VEGF, and S100B levels were reported in MDD patients compared with healthy controls, while GDNF and FGF-2 levels were not significantly different. Furthermore, compared with non-responders, S100B levels at baseline and BDNF levels following treatment were significantly elevated in responders. In addition, there was a significantly elevated level of VEGF after treatment in responders only. In conclusions, alterations in peripheral neurotrophins levels were strongly associated with the biology and the treatment response of MDD. Further investigations are required to examine potential sources of heterogeneity.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Biomarkers; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Nerve Growth Factor; Nerve Growth Factors; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed: 32980240
DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.633