-
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... Oct 2022US and MRI-guided therapeutic US (TUS) can aid in the treatment of prostate, liver, and pancreatic cancer, as well as uterine fibroids and osseous metastases, and...
US and MRI-guided therapeutic US (TUS) can aid in the treatment of prostate, liver, and pancreatic cancer, as well as uterine fibroids and osseous metastases, and understanding the selection and optimization of treatment strategies is essential to furthering TUS advances and innovations.
Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Cavity; Humans; Pelvis
PubMed: 36190852
DOI: 10.1148/rg.220044 -
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Jun 2020If it is medically necessary to perform nonobstetrical abdominal surgery in pregnancy, a minimally invasive approach should be considered. The benefits of laparoscopy... (Review)
Review
If it is medically necessary to perform nonobstetrical abdominal surgery in pregnancy, a minimally invasive approach should be considered. The benefits of laparoscopy are well known and current studies promote the safety of laparoscopy in pregnancy, when certain guidelines are followed. This article will review the safety of surgery in pregnancy, maternal physiology, fetal considerations, maternal obesity, laparoscopic cerclage, large adnexal mass, and complications. Guidelines for surgery will be reviewed as well.
Topics: Abdominal Cavity; Female; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Obesity; Postoperative Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Risk Adjustment; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 32195684
DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000527 -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Sep 2023The biological models used in the study of generalized peritonitis can be subdivided into 5 groups (introduction of foreign bodies, cultures of microorganisms,...
The biological models used in the study of generalized peritonitis can be subdivided into 5 groups (introduction of foreign bodies, cultures of microorganisms, suspensions of feces, chemicals, and mechanical damage to the gastrointestinal tract) or into 4 groups (introduction of foreign bodies, chemicals, bacterial contamination of the abdominal cavity, and combined methods). After analysis of published reports, the most justified classification of methods of peritonitis modelling is based on the type of peritonitis-inducing agent and the administration route and on the nature of peritonitis developing in the abdominal cavity. The choice of the model maximally close reproducing clinical conditions of peritonitis should be based on the specific objectives of the study, focusing on the etiology, pathogenesis, and severity of the disease course, planned measures aimed at eliminating the process, and other factors.
Topics: Humans; Peritonitis; Abdominal Cavity; Feces; Gastrointestinal Tract; Foreign Bodies
PubMed: 37861910
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05909-9 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2024Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis also known as cocoon abdomen is a rare chronic inflammatory condition of the peritoneum in which the bowel loops are encircled by a...
Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis also known as cocoon abdomen is a rare chronic inflammatory condition of the peritoneum in which the bowel loops are encircled by a membrane (cocoon formation) within the peritoneal cavity leading to intestinal obstruction. It can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary (chemotherapy, beta-blockers, peritoneal dialysis, shunts, tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.). The symptomatology report includes recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and vomiting. We present here a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with complaints of being unable to pass stools, vomiting (3-4 times), and abdomen pain for 4 days. This case is considered worth mentioning due to its rarity, lack of identification of secondary causes, and diminutive mention of histopathological aspect.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Peritonitis; Intestinal Obstruction; Peritoneum; Vomiting
PubMed: 38358217
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1228_21 -
International Review of Cell and... 2022The peritoneal cavity is a fluid-packed area that houses most of the abdominal organs, including the omentum, a visceral adipose tissue with milky patches or groups of...
The peritoneal cavity is a fluid-packed area that houses most of the abdominal organs, including the omentum, a visceral adipose tissue with milky patches or groups of leukocytes organized in the same way to those observed in typical lymphoid tissues. A distinct population of leukocytes patrols the peritoneal cavity and travels in and out of the milky spots, facing antigens or pathogens in the peritoneal fluid and responding appropriately. T cells may play a crucial function in regulating adaptive immune responses to antigens in the peritoneal cavity to ensure tissue homeostasis and healing. When peritoneal homeostasis is interrupted by inflammation, infection, obesity, or tumor metastasis, the omentum's dedicated fibroblastic stromal cells and mesothelial cells control peritoneal leukocyte recruitment and activation in unique ways. T cells, which employ their T cell receptor to target specific antigens, are an important component of the acquired immune response since they are present in the peritoneal cavity. The peritoneum provides a different environment for T cells to respond to pathogens. This chapter outlines the anatomy relevant to T cell function and biology, such as antigen processing/presentation, T cell activation, and the many T cell subpopulations in the peritoneal cavity, as well as their role in cancer or other infection.
Topics: Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphoid Tissue; Omentum; Peritoneum; T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 35964999
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.04.013 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 2021There are numbers of leukocytes present in peritoneal cavity, not only protecting body cavity from infection but also contributing to peripheral immunity including... (Review)
Review
There are numbers of leukocytes present in peritoneal cavity, not only protecting body cavity from infection but also contributing to peripheral immunity including natural antibody production in circulation. The peritoneal leukocytes compose unique immune compartment, the functions of which cannot be replaced by other lymphoid organs. Atypical lymphoid clusters, called "milky spots", that are located in visceral adipose tissue omentum have the privilege of immune niche in terms of differentiation, recruitment, and activation of peritoneal immunity, yet mechanisms underlying the regulation are underexplored. In this review, I discuss the emerging views of peritoneal immune system in the contexts of its development, organization, and functions.
Topics: Lymphoid Tissue; Omentum; Peritoneal Cavity
PubMed: 34850285
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86016-5_6 -
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Sep 2022Decompressive laparotomy and open abdomen for abdominal compartment syndrome have been historically avoided during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) due to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Decompressive laparotomy and open abdomen for abdominal compartment syndrome have been historically avoided during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) due to seemingly elevated risks of bleeding and infection. Our goal was to evaluate a cohort of pediatric respiratory ECMO patients who underwent decompressive laparotomy with open abdomen at a single institution and to compare these patients to ECMO patients without open abdomen.
METHODS
We reviewed all pediatric respiratory ECMO (30 days-18 years) patients treated with decompressive laparotomy with open abdomen at Riley Hospital for Children (1/2000-12/2019) and compared these patients to concurrent respiratory ECMO patients with closed abdomen. We excluded patients with surgical cardiac disease. We assessed demographics, ECMO data, and outcomes and defined significance as p = 0.05.
RESULTS
6 of 81 ECMO patients were treated with decompressive laparotomy and open abdomen. Open and closed abdomen groups had similar age (p = 0.223) and weight (0.286) at cannulation, but the open abdomen group had a higher reliance on vasoactive medications (Vasoactive Inotropic Score, p = 0.040). Open abdomen group survival was similar to closed abdomen patients (66.7%, vs 62.7%, p = 1). Open abdomen patients had lower incidence of ECMO complications (33.3% vs 83.6%, p = 0.014), but the groups had similar bleeding complications (p = 0.412) and PRBC transfusion volume (p = 0.941).
CONCLUSION/IMPACT
Pediatric ECMO patients with open abdomen after decompressive laparotomy had similar survival, blood products administered, and complications as those with a closed abdomen. An open abdomen is not a contra-indication to ECMO support in pediatric respiratory patients and should be considered in select patients.
Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Cavity; Child; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Intra-Abdominal Hypertension; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34953565
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.11.020 -
Aesthetic Surgery Journal May 2023
Topics: Humans; Lipectomy; Umbilicus; Polydioxanone; Abdomen; Abdominal Cavity
PubMed: 36082533
DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjac249 -
Journal of the American College of... Nov 2019Palpable abdominal masses may arise from the abdominal cavity or the abdominal wall. The differential diagnosis is broad for each variant ranging from benign lipomas,... (Review)
Review
Palpable abdominal masses may arise from the abdominal cavity or the abdominal wall. The differential diagnosis is broad for each variant ranging from benign lipomas, inflammatory processes, to malignant tumors. The imaging approach to diagnosis varies by location. For intra-abdominal masses, contrast-enhanced CT and ultrasound examination have demonstrated accuracy. For abdominal wall masses, which may arise from muscle, subcutaneous tissue, or connective tissue, MRI, CT, and ultrasound all provide diagnostic value. This publication reviews the current evidence supporting the imaging approach to diagnosis of palpable abdominal masses for two variants: suspected intra-abdominal neoplasm and suspected abdominal wall masses. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer reviewed journals and the application of well-established methodologies (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where evidence is lacking or equivocal, expert opinion may supplement the available evidence to recommend imaging or treatment.
Topics: Abdominal Cavity; Abdominal Neoplasms; Contrast Media; Diagnostic Imaging; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Quality Control; Sensitivity and Specificity; Societies, Medical; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography, Doppler; United States
PubMed: 31685106
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2019.05.014 -
Polski Przeglad Chirurgiczny Oct 2023<b><br>Introduction:</b> Aquafilling, a widely used soft-tissue filler since 2005, shows multiple adverse effects, necessitating the development of...
<b><br>Introduction:</b> Aquafilling, a widely used soft-tissue filler since 2005, shows multiple adverse effects, necessitating the development of effective methods for its removal. We present a surgical method for removal of Aquafilling present in the breasts, breasts with migration to the chest and/or the abdomen, and the buttocks, and elaborate and discuss the advantages of this method.</br> <b><br>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to present a surgical method for removal of Aquafilling (soft-tissue filler) present in the breasts, breasts with migration to the chest and/or the abdomen, and the buttocks, and to elaborate the advantages of this proposed technique.</br> <b><br>Materials and methods:</b> The surgical Aquafilling removal method described here was used in 25 patients (age, 21-53 years). The technique was used to remove Aquafilling present in the breasts (14 patients), breasts with migration to the chest and/or the abdomen (7 patients), and the buttocks (3 patients). The detailed course of Aquafilling removal surgery and postoperative treatment for these three types of cases is described.</br> <b><br>Results:</b> Surgical removal of Aquafilling with the described method did not cause any of the previously described ailments in each patient, excluding one patient who only showed significant pain reduction in both breasts preceding each menstruation cycle.</br> <b><br>Conclusions:</b> The method described herein can be recommended for removal of Aquafilling present in the breasts, breasts with migration to the chest and/or the abdomen, and buttocks, since it allowed thorough Aquafilling removal and decreased the local inflammatory state and the risk of potential carcinogenesis.</br>.
Topics: Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Abdominal Cavity; Buttocks; Postoperative Period
PubMed: 38629282
DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.3999