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The Veterinary Clinics of North... Aug 2021This article provides an overview of initial assessment and management of common emergency presentations in donkeys and mules. The principles are similar to those in... (Review)
Review
This article provides an overview of initial assessment and management of common emergency presentations in donkeys and mules. The principles are similar to those in horses (and ponies), but clinicians must be aware of differences in recognition of signs of pain/disease, approach to handling, pharmacology of some drugs, and subtle differences in the physiology and local anatomy in donkeys and mules. The epidemiology of common disease presentations will vary between pet/companion or working/farmed donkeys and mules. Regular dental checks, deworming, vaccination, and monitoring of behavior and quality of life are important aspects of preventive care.
Topics: Animals; Colic; Colitis; Emergencies; Equidae; Hyperlipidemias; Respiratory Tract Diseases
PubMed: 34243882
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2021.04.013 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Aug 2023Abdominal sonography is currently a routine procedure in the evaluation of colic in the horse. This imaging technique is used in both the assessment of the horse... (Review)
Review
Abdominal sonography is currently a routine procedure in the evaluation of colic in the horse. This imaging technique is used in both the assessment of the horse presented in the emergency setting with acute colic and the assessment of the horse presented for chronic or recurrent colic in the nonemergency setting. Sonography for colic evaluation is used by specialists in different disciplines and by general practitioners in the ambulatory and hospital settings. In this review, we will focus on indications and clinical interpretation of findings as well as recent developments in abdominal sonography.
Topics: Horses; Animals; Colic; Horse Diseases; Hospitals
PubMed: 37169618
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2023.03.006 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Oct 2022Introduction: infantile colic has always been a problem for caregivers, and research on probiotics in treating and preventing infant colic is still controversial.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Introduction: infantile colic has always been a problem for caregivers, and research on probiotics in treating and preventing infant colic is still controversial. Material and methods: trials were performed before November 2021 and retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Medline, and Google Scholar databases. Data extraction and quality evaluation of the trials were performed independently by two investigators. A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3. It includes nine randomized controlled trials in 587 infants with colic. Results: eight of these experiments described probiotics for the prevention and treatment of intestinal colic in infants, with 228 in the probiotics group and 227 in the placebo group, with a total effective rate (RR = 1.88, 95 % CI: 1.61 to 2.19, p < 0.00001). Conclusion: probiotics may improve therapeutic and preventive effects, especially within four weeks of probiotic treatment.
Topics: Colic; Humans; Infant; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 36134592
DOI: 10.20960/nh.04011 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Aug 2023Epidemiologic studies are essential for the generation of evidence-based, preventive health care strategies. This includes ways to minimize colic risk and assist... (Review)
Review
Epidemiologic studies are essential for the generation of evidence-based, preventive health care strategies. This includes ways to minimize colic risk and assist informed decision making concerning diagnosis, treatment, and likely outcomes. It is important to consider that colic is not a simple "disease" but is a syndrome of abdominal pain that encompasses multiple different disease processes, and which is multifactorial in nature. This review focuses on prevention and diagnosis of colic, including specific forms of colic, communications with owners/carers concerning colic risk and management, and areas of future research.
Topics: Horses; Animals; Colic; Horse Diseases
PubMed: 37268523
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2023.03.005 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2023The aim of this study was to systematically review the colic and sleep outcomes of nonpharmacological intervention in infants with infantile colic and perform a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to systematically review the colic and sleep outcomes of nonpharmacological intervention in infants with infantile colic and perform a meta-analysis of the available evidence.
METHODS
The literature review for this systematic review was conducted between December 2022 and January 2023 using five electronic databases, namely PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and ULAKBİM. Published articles were scanned using MeSH-based keywords. Only randomized controlled trials conducted in the past 5 years were included. The data were analyzed using the Review Manager computer program.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included three studies involving a total of 386 infantile colic infants. After nonpharmacological treatment, it was found that infants with infantile colic reduced crying time (standardized mean difference: 0.61; 95%CI 0.29-0.92; Z=3.79; p=0.00002), improved sleep duration (standardized mean difference: 0.22; 95%CI -0.04 to 0.48; Z=1.64; p=0.10), and decreased crying intensity (mean difference: -17.24; 95%CI -20.11 to 14.37; Z=11.77; p<0.000001).
CONCLUSION
According to the meta-analysis findings, it was determined that the risk of bias was low in the studies included and that nonpharmacological chiropractic, craniosacral, and acupuncture treatments applied to infantile colic infants in the three included studies reduced crying time and intensity and increased sleep duration.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Colic; Sleep; Sleep Duration; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37222334
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230071 -
MCN. the American Journal of Maternal...The significant crying of infantile colic adds stress to the infant and their family, yet it has no recognized etiology. Gastrointestinal health problems and dysfunction... (Review)
Review
The significant crying of infantile colic adds stress to the infant and their family, yet it has no recognized etiology. Gastrointestinal health problems and dysfunction have been suspected in the etiology of colic. Disruptions to the microbiome colonization of the gastrointestinal system may lead to excess gas and inflammation that are associated with the crying of colic. Infants with colic have increased colonization with gas-producing bacteria, like Escherichia coli and Klebsiella , and they have lower colonization of anti-inflammatory bacteria, like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus . Colic is known to self-resolve around 3 months of age. However, few researchers have investigated how the microbiome may be changing at colic's natural resolution without the intervention of a probiotic. With a better understanding of what leads to colic's self-resolution, future researchers may be able to identify more effective therapies for colic prevention or treatment. This scoping review presents the collective evidence from 21 original, primary research articles on what is known about the gastrointestinal microbiome at colic onset and resolution.
Topics: Colic; Crying; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Infant; Probiotics
PubMed: 35352686
DOI: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000000832 -
Equine Veterinary Journal Jan 2021
Topics: Animals; Colic; Horse Diseases; Horses
PubMed: 33345359
DOI: 10.1111/evj.13347 -
The British Journal of Surgery Aug 2022There is a lack of consensus in selecting patients who do or do not benefit from surgery when patients present with abdominal pain and gallbladder stones are present.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There is a lack of consensus in selecting patients who do or do not benefit from surgery when patients present with abdominal pain and gallbladder stones are present. This review aimed to give an overview of results from recent trials and available literature to improve treatment decisions in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis.
METHODS
First, an overview of different symptom criteria for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis is given, based on national and international guidelines. Second, treatment outcomes (absence of biliary colic, pain-free state, biliary and surgical complications) are summarized, with data from three clinical trials. Finally, personal advice for treatment decisions in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis is provided, based on recent trials, the available literature, and expert opinion.
RESULTS
This review describes different guidelines and criteria sets for uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis, provides an overview of outcomes after cholecystectomy, and advises on treatment decisions in patients with abdominal pain and gallbladder stones. After cholecystectomy, biliary colic is resolved in 95 per cent of patients. However, non-specific abdominal pain persists in 40 per cent. Irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia significantly increase the risk of persistent pain. Age, previous abdominal surgery, baseline pain score on a visual analogue scale, pain characteristics, nausea, and heartburn are part of the SUCCESS criteria, and are associated with clinically relevant pain reduction after gallbladder removal.
CONCLUSION
The surgical community can now give more personalized advice on surgery to improve care for patients with abdominal pain and uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Colic; Gallbladder Diseases; Gallstones; Humans; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 35640901
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac154 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Aug 2023
Topics: Horses; Animals; Colic; Horse Diseases
PubMed: 37225556
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2023.05.001 -
Veterinary World 2023Colic is among the common health issues in equine health management. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are the most frequent causes of colic, but dysfunction of other...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Colic is among the common health issues in equine health management. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are the most frequent causes of colic, but dysfunction of other organs and systems inside the abdominal cavity may also contribute. Therefore, it is crucial to identify risk factors for colic of specific etiologies. This study aimed to examine the incidence, risk factors, and best therapeutic management practices for horses with colic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cohort of 256 horses living in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia, was randomly recruited based on reports of colic symptoms by owners. Diagnosis and treatment were then conducted with the help of owners. Symptom profiles, risk factors, and therapeutic management strategies were analyzed by Chi-square tests.
RESULTS
Of 256 horses enrolled, 217 (84%) were diagnosed with colic, of which 172 (79.3%) were cases of spasmodic colic, 33 (15.2%) of impaction colic, and 12 (5.5%) of intestinal obstruction/displacement. Male sex (χ = 16.27; p < 0.001), wheat bran feeding (χ = 15.49; p < 0.001), concentrate feed intake >5 kg/day (χ = 24.95; p < 0.001), no regular anthelmintic drug treatment (χ = 67.24; p < 0.001), GI parasite infection (χ = 65.11; p < 0.001), recurrent colic (χ = 91.09; p < 0.001), poor body condition score (χ = 71.81; p < 0.001), limited daily water access (χ = 127.92; p < 0.001), and indications of dental disease (χ = 9.03; p < 0.001) were identified as risk factors. The most effective therapies were gastric intubation (χ = 153.54; p < 0.001), Vitamin B complex injection (χ = 32.09; p < 0.001), fluid therapy (χ = 42.59; p < 0.001), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection (NSAID).
CONCLUSION
Colic is highly prevalent among horses in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Proper diet, workload management, regular access to clean drinking water, and dental care can reduce colic risk. Recommended therapies include NSAID injection without other analgesics or spasmolytics, fluid therapy, Vitamin B complex, and gastric intubation.
PubMed: 37621536
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1408-1414