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Pediatric Dermatology Jul 2022Acne vulgaris varies in clinical severity, from minimal comedonal disease to severe hemorrhagic and ulcerative lesions with scarring. While a family history confers a...
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris varies in clinical severity, from minimal comedonal disease to severe hemorrhagic and ulcerative lesions with scarring. While a family history confers a higher risk for developing acne, the correlation between heritability and clinical severity remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the natural history and heritability of severe acne with scarring in patients undergoing isotretinoin therapy.
METHODS
A total of 101 subjects with severe acne with scarring and its variants, including acne conglobata and acne fulminans, were enrolled. All subjects and adult family members underwent an interview regarding their acne, and a corresponding "historical" Investigator's Global Assessment (hIGA) score (0 = clear, 1 = almost clear, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, 5 = very severe) was assigned. Study assessors performed an "examination" Investigator's Global Assessment (eIGA) based on the clinical examination of each subject (0 = clear, 1 = almost clear, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, 5 = very severe). A detailed family history and pedigree were documented.
RESULTS
Most subjects were Caucasian (44.5%) and male (79.2%) who had previously used doxycycline and/or minocycline (86.1%). The mean eIGA and hIGA scores were 2.7 and 4.4, respectively. 37.2% of subjects had one first-degree relative with a history of moderate or severe acne with scarring; of note, of the patients with hemorrhagic disease, 30% had at least one parent with moderate or severe acne.
CONCLUSIONS
Severe forms of acne often "cluster" in families, underscoring the heritable nature of acne and the prognostic value of a family history of moderate or severe disease.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Cicatrix; Doxycycline; Female; Humans; Isotretinoin; Male; Minocycline; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35584791
DOI: 10.1111/pde.14990 -
Journal of Microbiology and... Nov 2022Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sebaceous gland attached to the hair follicles. is a major cause of inflammation caused by acne. It is well known that...
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sebaceous gland attached to the hair follicles. is a major cause of inflammation caused by acne. It is well known that secretes a lipolytic enzyme to break down lipids in sebum, and free fatty acids produced at this time accelerate the inflammatory reaction. There are several drugs used to treat acne; however, each one has various side effects. According to previous studies, sulforaphene (SFEN) has several functions associated with lipid metabolism, brain function, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we examined the effects of SFEN on bacterial growth and inflammatory cytokine production induced by . The results revealed that SFEN reduced the growth of and inhibited proinflammatory cytokines in -treated HaCaT keratinocytes through inhibiting NF-κB-related pathways. In addition, SFEN regulated the expression level of IL-1α, a representative pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed in co-cultured HaCaT keratinocytes and THP-1 monocytes induced by . In conclusion, SFEN showed antibacterial activity against and controlled the inflammatory response on keratinocytes and monocytes. This finding means that SFEN has potential as both a cosmetic material for acne prevention and a pharmaceutical material for acne treatment.
Topics: Humans; Propionibacterium acnes; Inflammation; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36437519
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2209.09051 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Sep 2023The popularity of social media appears to be increasing the acceptance of cosmetic treatments, prompting more consumers to seek cosmetic treatments. As the estimated... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The popularity of social media appears to be increasing the acceptance of cosmetic treatments, prompting more consumers to seek cosmetic treatments. As the estimated prevalence of acne vulgaris among adult women may be as high as 54%, acne is commonly observed among patients presenting for cosmetic treatments. Concomitant treatment of acne in the aesthetic patient population will improve overall clinical outcomes.
AIMS
The goal of this work was to deliver a high-quality ethical and evidence-based educational program to physicians and adjunctive health care providers to advance patient care.
METHODS
This paper is based on a webcam presentation with roundtable discussion by several notable experts in their field.
RESULTS
A range of topical medications, injectable products, chemical peels, and energy-based devices are available for treating acne vulgaris. In most instances, these are compatible with rejuvenation procedures in the aesthetic patient.
CONCLUSION
The growth of social media is raising awareness of aesthetic procedures and appears to be increasing the number of patients seeking aesthetic treatment. Educating patients about the importance of treating acne vulgaris can improve overall treatment outcomes. In most instances, the presence of acne is not a barrier to aesthetic care.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Acne Vulgaris; Chemexfoliation; Dermabrasion; Treatment Outcome; Esthetics
PubMed: 37403516
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15913 -
The British Journal of Dermatology Oct 2019Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent inflammatory skin disorder with a complex pathogenesis, characterized by comedones, papules, pustules and nodules. Familial... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent inflammatory skin disorder with a complex pathogenesis, characterized by comedones, papules, pustules and nodules. Familial preponderance clearly indicates a genetic basis for acne vulgaris, but until recently solid genetic associations were lacking.
RESULTS
The advent of high-resolution genotyping array technologies has allowed for large-scale studies with both family-based and cross-sectional designs. These studies have revealed genetic loci encompassing genes that could be active in biological pathways and processes underlying acne vulgaris. However, specific functional consequences of those variants remain elusive. In parallel, investigations into rare disorders and syndromes that incorporate features of acne or acne-like lesions have recently accelerated our understanding of disease pathogenesis. The genes revealed by these rare disorders highlight mechanisms cardinal for pilosebaceous biology and therefore anchor our insights from genetic association studies for acne vulgaris.
CONCLUSIONS
The next phase of research will require more in-depth mechanistic investigations of loci and genes implicated in acne phenotypes to define the key molecular players driving the disorder. Concurrently, new treatments for acne vulgaris could be developed by dissecting the candidate molecular pathways to identify druggable targets.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Dermatologic Agents; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic Loci; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Medical History Taking; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Precision Medicine; Signal Transduction; Skin
PubMed: 30854635
DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17721 -
Clinics in Dermatology 2022Skin resurfacing for cutaneous rejuvenation has evolved with the development of a plethora of nonsurgical and minimally invasive modalities. We have highlighted the...
Skin resurfacing for cutaneous rejuvenation has evolved with the development of a plethora of nonsurgical and minimally invasive modalities. We have highlighted the advances in laser therapy, chemical peels, radiofrequency, microneedling, and platelet-rich plasma therapy. We have also included studies providing head-to-head comparisons between procedures and discussed relevant debates in the field. We have examined additionally combination treatments and resurfacing in acne scars, melasma, and skin of color.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Chemexfoliation; Cicatrix; Cosmetic Techniques; Esthetics; Humans; Rejuvenation; Skin Aging; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35667824
DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.01.019 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Dec 2022Acne is a significant problem in young people. At present, most acne treatment products are topically applied cosmetics, whose efficacy is limited by the stratum... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
OBJECTIVE
Acne is a significant problem in young people. At present, most acne treatment products are topically applied cosmetics, whose efficacy is limited by the stratum corneum. The dissolving microneedle technique can effectively deliver drug molecules into the body. In this study, dissolving microneedles containing anti-acne ingredients were tested for human efficacy and safety.
METHODS
We conducted a 28-day clinical efficacy and safety trial on 30 individuals with visible facial acne. During the trial, anti-acne microneedle (AA-DMN) patches were applied to designated skin areas once daily for 28 consecutive days. Skin pigmentation was measured using a Courage + Khazaka skin melanin and hemoglobin test probe Mexameter MX18. Acne volume was measured using a Canfieldsci skin rapid optical imaging system PRIMOS. In addition, skin irritation was evaluated via self-report and dermatologist's examination.
RESULTS
The AA-DMN patches showed good efficacy including improvement of skin pigmentation and reduced acne volume. Acne volume was reduced by 12.34% after 3 days of patch use and further reduced by 10.01% after 7 continuous days of use. After 28 days of treatment, skin melanin decreased by 5.88% and heme decreased by 7.83%. No adverse reactions were observed in any of the participants.
CONCLUSIONS
Anti-acne microneedle patches showed an excellent effect in reducing acne and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), without adverse skin reactions. The novel AA-DMN patch is a safe and effective anti-acne treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Cutaneous; Drug Delivery Systems; Hyperpigmentation; Melanins; Needles; Skin
PubMed: 36059276
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15352 -
Advances in Skin & Wound Care Feb 2024To review the clinical presentation and treatment of acne vulgaris.
GENERAL PURPOSE
To review the clinical presentation and treatment of acne vulgaris.
TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and registered nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:1. Identify a differential diagnosis of acne vulgaris.2. Recognize clinical feature of various acne vulgaris subtypes.3. Specify epidemiologic characteristics of acne vulgaris.4. Select topical, systemic, and nonpharmaceutical treatment options for a patient with acne vulgaris.
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Topical; Education, Continuing; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 38241449
DOI: 10.1097/ASW.0000000000000089 -
International Journal of Dermatology May 2024Acne excoriée (AE) is a skin picking disorder (SPD) within the group of obsessive compulsive (OCD) and related disorders characterized by the compulsive manipulation of... (Review)
Review
Acne excoriée (AE) is a skin picking disorder (SPD) within the group of obsessive compulsive (OCD) and related disorders characterized by the compulsive manipulation of acne lesions. AE typically appears in females during adolescence or young adulthood and can cause significant disfigurement and psychosocial impairment. This disorder is under-recognized due to patient discomfort to disclose excoriation habits or lack of behavior awareness. It is imperative that dermatologists accurately diagnose and treat this disorder to minimize long-term damage to the skin. This review aims to provide an overview of the diagnosis and treatment options for AE.
Topics: Female; Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Self-Injurious Behavior
PubMed: 38102842
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16964 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Jul 2021Sixty years ago, Ross discussed the use of oral dapsone in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Ross was fundamental in demonstrating the importance of this medication in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sixty years ago, Ross discussed the use of oral dapsone in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Ross was fundamental in demonstrating the importance of this medication in dermatology. Following this, topical formulations have been used for the treatment of acne vulgaris which has not responded to traditional therapies. We explore the impact that the discovery of dapsone has had on subsequent research and clinical practice and explore the typical doses and side effects of this often sidelined therapy.
METHODS
We conducted a review of the literature on the use of dapsone for acne using key terms "acne vulgaris," "dapsone," "isotretinoin," "systemic," "topical" searching databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed. Only articles in English were chosen. The level of evidence was evaluated and selected accordingly listing the studies with the highest level of evidence first using the Oxford Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 guidance.
RESULTS
Oral dapsone and topical dapsone have been used in acne vulgaris and acne fulminans. Systemic dapsone seems to be less effective than other treatment options, and further research is required to examine the use of the topical formulation for acne vulgaris compared with alternative treatments.
CONCLUSION
Dermatologists may wish to consider the use of this long-established medication for the treatment of acne vulgaris. With careful monitoring, oral dapsone is an important alternative therapy where isotretinoin is contraindicated or not tolerated.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Dapsone; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Isotretinoin
PubMed: 33600049
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14011 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Aug 2023Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin condition caused by androgen-induced elevated sebum secretion, abnormal keratinization, bacterial colonization, and... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin condition caused by androgen-induced elevated sebum secretion, abnormal keratinization, bacterial colonization, and inflammation. Current research indicates a link between acne vulgaris and the metabolic syndrome, a group of disorders that includes obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This link is thought to be modulated by excessive concentrations of oxidative stress markers and chronic inflammation, which are included in the pathophysiological mechanisms shared by both conditions. Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species damages cellular components and initiates an inflammatory response, hence promoting the development of both disorders. The current narrative review focuses on the molecular implications of inflammatory, hormonal, and environmental factors in the acne-metabolic syndrome correlation. Furthermore, it outlines the current state of knowledge related to the phyto-therapeutic approach to these conditions as an adjuvant strategy to allopathic treatment, but future multicenter and larger-scale research studies are needed establish new algorithms to be included in the future management of patients with these conditions.
Topics: Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Acne Vulgaris; Oxidative Stress; Inflammation; Dietary Supplements; Phytochemicals; Multicenter Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37315434
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115003