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QJM : Monthly Journal of the... Nov 2021
Topics: Actinomycosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans
PubMed: 33682880
DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab048 -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Mar 2021
Topics: Humans; Tropheryma; Whipple Disease
PubMed: 33792387
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2020.0614 -
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews Sep 2022Actinomycosis is a rare, indolent and invasive infection caused by Actinomyces species. Actinomycosis develops when there is disruption of the mucosal barrier, and... (Review)
Review
Actinomycosis is a rare, indolent and invasive infection caused by Actinomyces species. Actinomycosis develops when there is disruption of the mucosal barrier, and invasion and systemic spread of the organism, which can lead to endogenous infection affecting numerous organs. It is known to spread in tissue through fascial planes and most often involves the cervicofacial (55%), abdominopelvic (20%) and thoracic (15%) soft tissue. Pulmonary actinomycosis is rare in patients under the age of five years, with the median reported age in the fifth decade. Clinical findings include chest wall mass (49%), cough (40%), pain (back, chest, shoulders) (36%), weight loss (19%), fever (19%), Draining sinuses (15%) and hemoptysis (9%). Chest x-ray findings in pulmonary actinomycosis are mostly nonspecific and can overlap with pulmonary tuberculosis, foreign body aspiration and malignancy. Endobronchial tissue aggregates may show sulphur granules, with yellow to white conglomerate areas of gram positive Actinomyces. Removal or biopsy of these large endobronchial masses must be done with care, because of the risk of bleeding and large airway obstruction. The cytology on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid may show Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive stain, ZN negative and Gram-positive filamentous bacilli which is morphologically suggestive of Actinomycosis. Actinomyces spp is highly susceptible to beta lactam antibiotics, penicillin G, and amoxicillin. A minimum of 3-6 months is needed but up to 20 months of treatment may be needed. Early diagnosis and correct treatment can lead to a good prognosis with a low mortality.
Topics: Humans; Child; Child, Preschool; Periodic Acid; Actinomycosis; Actinomyces; Lung Diseases; Penicillin G; Amoxicillin; Sulfur
PubMed: 34610895
DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2021.09.001 -
European Journal of Gastroenterology &... Dec 2021
Topics: Actinomycosis; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; Humans
PubMed: 35048664
DOI: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001899 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Sep 2021
Topics: Abdominal Abscess; Abdominal Pain; Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Female; Fever; Humans; Intrauterine Devices; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Uterus
PubMed: 34469649
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm2102632 -
Orvosi Hetilap Jan 2021Összefoglaló. Egy 46 éves nőbeteg esetét ismertetjük, akinél láz és görcsös hasi fájdalom miatt kezdődött kivizsgálás. A hasi ultrahangvizsgálat során...
Összefoglaló. Egy 46 éves nőbeteg esetét ismertetjük, akinél láz és görcsös hasi fájdalom miatt kezdődött kivizsgálás. A hasi ultrahangvizsgálat során a colon transversum területén megvastagodott falú konglomerátum volt látható. A kolonoszkópia során organikus eltérés nem igazolódott. A hasi komputertomográfiás vizsgálat retroperitonealis térfoglalást írt le, ezért onkológiai bizottság javaslata alapján műtét mellett döntöttünk. Egy hónappal a panaszok jelentkezése után megtörtént a műtét, melynek során úgy tűnt, hogy egy megközelítőleg 5 × 8 centiméteres, a vékonybélből kiinduló, a colon ascendenst és a sigmabelet is érintő, daganatnak imponáló terimét találtunk. Jobb oldali hemicolectomiát végeztünk, és reszekáltuk a sigmabélfal részletét. A szövettani vizsgálat malignitást nem igazolt, hanem a bélfallal összefüggést nem mutató, mesenterialis actinomycosist írt le. A hasi, mesenterialis actinomycosis ritka kórkép, mégis fontos, hogy gondoljunk rá mint differenciáldiagnosztikai lehetőségre, így a beteg a lehető leghamarabb megkaphatja a megfelelő kezelést. Esettanulmányunk bemutatásával a kórkép ismeretének fontosságára szeretnénk felhívni a figyelmet. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 116-119. Summary. We present the case of a 46-year-old female, who presented with fever and abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a thickened-walled conglomerate near the transvers colon. Colonoscopy did not show any organic abnormality. Abdominal computed tomography described a retroperitoneal mass, so we decided on surgery based on the multidisciplinary team decision. One month after the onset of symptoms, laparotomy was performed, and it seemed that we found an approximately 5 × 8 centimetre tumour attached to the small intestine involving the ascending and sigmoid colon. We performed right hemicolectomy and sigmoid colon wall resection. Histology result showed mesenteric actinomycosis with no connection to the intestinal wall, no malignancy was revealed. Although the abdominal, mesenteric actinomycosis is a rare disease, it is important to think of it as a differential diagnostic option, so the patient can get proper treatment and cured sooner. Our aim with presenting this case report is to highlight the significance of this disease. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 116-119.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Actinomycosis; Colectomy; Female; Fever; Humans; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33459607
DOI: 10.1556/650.2021.31975 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Sep 2021Actinomycosis is a rare chronic and suppurative infection caused by anerobic Gram Positive bacteria: actinomyces. Pelvic location is extremely rare, usually associated...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Actinomycosis is a rare chronic and suppurative infection caused by anerobic Gram Positive bacteria: actinomyces. Pelvic location is extremely rare, usually associated with history of IUD contraception and doesn't have specific signs. Pelvic actinomycosis diagnosis may be confused with pelvic gynecologic malignancies or abscess. We present a retrospective and descriptive study of twelve patients with pelvic actinomycosis diagnosed and managed in our department from January 2000 to December 2011.
CASES PRESENTATION
The patients' mean age was 47 years. 75% of them had a history of IUD for a mean period of 8,44 years. Pelvic pain was the most common complaint. In four cases, pre-operative clinical presumption was tubo-ovarian abscess. Gynecologic malignancies were suspected in 8 patients. Pelvic actinomycosis management was based on surgery and long-term antibiotic.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
Pelvic actinomycosis is an extremely rare chronic infection, presenting 3% of human actinomycosis. Common clinical presentations include vaginal discharge, tubo-ovarian abscess and pelvic tumors mimicking gynecologic malignancies. It is difficult to diagnose. Association with IUD history was recognized. Management is based on surgery and long-term antibiotic administration.
CONCLUSION
Pelvic actinomycosis is an extremely rare chronic infection. This entity is difficult to diagnose. Accurate diagnosis can reduce complications and unnecessary surgeries, and can preserve fertility.
PubMed: 34507193
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106387 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2022Actinomycosis of the nasal cavity is very rare.
INTRODUCTION
Actinomycosis of the nasal cavity is very rare.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features, treatment methods, and treatment results of actinomycosis of the nasal cavity in our hospital.
METHODS
We retrospectively enrolled 11 patients with histopathologically identified actinomycosis of the nasal cavity from January 2010 to May 2020.
RESULTS
This study included five males and six females. The most common symptom was purulent nasal discharge (36.4%). Nasal actinomycosis occurred in the maxillary sinus in 5 (45.5%) patients, the ethmoid sinus in two, the hard palate in two, the frontal sinus in one, and the nasal septum in one. After surgery, intravenous administration of antibiotics was performed on average for 7.4 days and oral antibiotics were prescribed for about 120.5 days. The clinical characteristics of the patients with nasal actinomycosis and the duration of antibiotic usage were not significantly different. Trauma was significantly associated with repeated nasal actinomycosis infections (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Actinomycosis of the nasal cavity should be suspected when a patient with chronic sinusitis does not respond to medical therapy and has a history of dental treatment, local surgery or radiation therapy. Nasal can be sufficiently treated with antibiotics and endoscopic surgery.
Topics: Humans; Nasal Cavity; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34112606
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.05.003 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Jul 2020
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascites; Cachexia; Colostomy; Diagnosis, Differential; Duodenum; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography, Thoracic; Rectal Neoplasms; Recurrence; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Weight Loss; Whipple Disease
PubMed: 32609985
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcps1817531 -
Diagnostic Cytopathology Dec 2020
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Inflammation; Lung; Male
PubMed: 32501649
DOI: 10.1002/dc.24512