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Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Feb 2022Pleuropulmonary blastomas are rare, potentially aggressive embryonal cancers of the lung parenchyma and pleural surfaces that account for 0.25%-0.5% of primary pulmonary... (Review)
Review
Pleuropulmonary blastomas are rare, potentially aggressive embryonal cancers of the lung parenchyma and pleural surfaces that account for 0.25%-0.5% of primary pulmonary malignancies in children. Pleuropulmonary blastomas are classified as cystic (type I), mixed cystic and solid (type II), and solid (type III). Pleuropulmonary blastoma occurs in the same age group (0-6 years) as other more common solid tumors such as neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. Differential diagnosis includes metastasis from Wilms tumor and macrocystic congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). A key pathologic and genetic discriminator is the DICER1 germline mutation found in patients with pleuropulmonary blastoma. Imaging, histopathologic, and clinical data are important to use in conjunction in order to determine the diagnosis and risk stratification of pleuropulmonary blastomas. Survival varies from poor to good, depending on type. However, the spectrum of pleuropulmonary blastoma is insufficiently understood due to the variable presentation of this rare disease. We present a current review of the literature regarding pleuropulmonary blastomas in this article.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital; DEAD-box RNA Helicases; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lung Neoplasms; Multimodal Imaging; Pulmonary Blastoma; Ribonuclease III
PubMed: 35164911
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2021.05.007 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Aug 2023This study aimed to investigate the differentiation of ameloblastic-like cells and the nature of the secreted eosinophilic materials in adenomatoid odontogenic tumors.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate the differentiation of ameloblastic-like cells and the nature of the secreted eosinophilic materials in adenomatoid odontogenic tumors.
METHODS
We studied histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 20 cases using: cytokeratins 14 and 19, amelogenin, collagen I, laminin, vimentin, and CD34.
RESULTS
Rosette cells differentiated into ameloblastic-like cells positioned face-to-face, displaying collagen I-positive material between them. Epithelial cells of the rosettes can differentiate into ameloblastic-like cells. This phenomenon probably occurs due to an induction phenomenon between these cells. The secretion of collagen I is probably a brief event. Amelogenin-positive areas were interspersed by epithelial cells in the lace-like areas, outside the rosettes and distant from the ameloblastic-like cells.
CONCLUSIONS
There are at least two types of eosinophilic material in different areas within the tumor, one in the rosette and solid areas and another in lace-like areas. The secreted eosinophilic material in the rosettes and solid areas is probably a product of well-differentiated ameloblastic-like cells. It is positive for collagen I and negative for amelogenin, whereas some eosinophilic materials in the lace-like areas are positive for amelogenin. We hypothesize that the latter eosinophilic material could be a product of odontogenic cuboidal epithelial or intermediate stratum-like epithelial cells.
Topics: Humans; Amelogenin; Odontogenic Tumors; Dental Enamel Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Ameloblastoma; Epithelial Cells; Collagen; Cell Differentiation
PubMed: 37141592
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13436 -
Pathology International Nov 2020There are several reports of pleural adenomatoid (microcystic) mesothelioma, but peritoneal adenomatoid mesothelioma is extremely rare. A 64-year-old Japanese woman...
There are several reports of pleural adenomatoid (microcystic) mesothelioma, but peritoneal adenomatoid mesothelioma is extremely rare. A 64-year-old Japanese woman presented with no symptoms and no asbestos exposure history. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed multiple hypervascular masses on the liver surface, pelvic cavity and anterior peritoneum. Over 10 pieces of the multiple resected tumors showed numerous microcysts composed of a bland mesothelial cell background with rich capillary vessels. Focally, atypical cells with bizarre nuclei with prominent nucleoli were observed. Adenomatoid mesothelioma was suspected based on histochemical, immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization findings. The tumors relapsed 4 years later and metastasized to the lung, but the patient remains alive 7 years after the first tumor resection surgery. Although the prognosis of adenomatoid mesothelioma of pleural origin is poor, the progression of this peritoneal case is slow.
Topics: Adenomatoid Tumor; Female; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Peritoneum; Prognosis
PubMed: 32881200
DOI: 10.1111/pin.13006 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2021Adenomatoid tumor (AT) is an uncommon benign neoplasm of mesothelial origin, usually occurring in the female and male genital tracts. Extragenital localization such as... (Review)
Review
Adenomatoid tumor (AT) is an uncommon benign neoplasm of mesothelial origin, usually occurring in the female and male genital tracts. Extragenital localization such as the adrenal gland is extremely rare. Until now, only 39 cases of adrenal AT have been reported in the English literature. Here we report two novel cases of adrenal AT that occurred in male patients aged 30 and 31 years. The tumors were discovered incidentally by computed tomography (CT). Macroscopically, the tumors were unilateral and solid, and the greatest dimension of the tumors was 3.5 and 8.0 cm, respectively. Histologically, the tumors consisted of angiomatoid, cystic, and solid patterns and infiltrated the adrenal cortical or medullary tissue. The tumor cells had low nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, with no pathological mitosis or nuclear pleomorphism. Thread-like bridging strands and signet-ring-like cells could be seen. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for epithelial markers (AE1/AE3, CK7) and mesothelial markers (D2-40, calretinin, and WT-1). The Ki-67 index was approximately 1 and 2%, respectively. The differential diagnosis of adrenal AT includes a variety of benign and malignant tumors. The patients had neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis at 21 and 8 months after removal of the tumor. In the literature review, we comprehensively summarized the clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical, and prognostic features of adrenal AT. Adrenal ATs are morphologically and immunophenotypically identical to those that occur in the genital tracts. Combining the histology with immunohistochemical profiles is very supportive in reaching the diagnosis of this benign tumor, helping to avoid misdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Topics: Adenomatoid Tumor; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Humans; Male; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34248850
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.692553 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2023The process of odontogenesis is complex involving epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, along with the molecular signalling pathways triggering the initiating process....
BACKGROUND
The process of odontogenesis is complex involving epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, along with the molecular signalling pathways triggering the initiating process. The triggering factors and cells precisely involved in the pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors are unknown. There is a vast array of biomarkers used to stain different sites, thereby helpful in diagnosing and evaluating the prognosis of these cysts and tumors. In the following study, Anti Apoptotic survivin expression patterns were assessed quantitatively in 48 samples (12 each) of Reduced Enamel Epithelium, Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor, Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma.
AIM
The Aim of this study is to assess the anti-apoptotic survivin expression in Reduced Enamel Epithelium, Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour, Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study is carried out with 12 samples in each group. Routine hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for confirmatory diagnosis. Later Immunohistochemistry was performed using survivin antibody. Survivin protein expression was analyzed using the parameters like location, intensity, percentage of cells positivity with survivin protein and extent of staining. With the help of Olympus BX 43 microscope, with ProgRes microscope camera, the 48 slides obtained were examined. The region of interest was selected in each slide and number of cells positively stained was counted. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Descriptive for scale data, results were analysed by using ANOVA with Chi-square test for intergroup comparison.
RESULTS
The results showed significant P value <0.05. Expression of survivin was highest in Ameloblastoma, followed by Odontogenic keratocyst, Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, and Reduced Enamel Epithelium.
CONCLUSION
Survivin was involved in the inhibition of apoptosis as well as the detailed understanding of the biological behaviour of odontogenic cysts and tumours, thereby increasing therapeutic approaches.
PubMed: 38033952
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_446_22 -
International Journal of Gynecological... May 2022Adenomatoid tumor is a benign neoplasm of mesothelial origin. Adenomatoid tumor in female genital tract shows typical morphologic features with bland nuclei. Deciduoid...
Adenomatoid tumor is a benign neoplasm of mesothelial origin. Adenomatoid tumor in female genital tract shows typical morphologic features with bland nuclei. Deciduoid morphology has not been reported in adenomatoid tumor. Tumors with deciduoid cells and atypical nuclear features may pose a diagnostic challenge and raise the suspicion of malignancy. We present a case of fallopian tube adenomatoid tumor with deciduoid morphology and atypical nuclear features in a 39-year-old woman with prolonged progestin therapy. We hypothesize that the unusual morphological changes in adenomatoid tumor, like deciduoid morphology and nuclear atypia, may be secondary to hormone effects.
Topics: Adenomatoid Tumor; Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Humans
PubMed: 34015794
DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000796 -
Advances in Anatomic Pathology Nov 2020Adenomatoid tumors have been described almost a century ago, and their nature has been the subject of debate for decades. They are tumors of mesothelial origin usually... (Review)
Review
Adenomatoid Tumor: A Review of Pathology With Focus on Unusual Presentations and Sites, Histogenesis, Differential Diagnosis, and Molecular and Clinical Aspects With a Historic Overview of Its Description.
Adenomatoid tumors have been described almost a century ago, and their nature has been the subject of debate for decades. They are tumors of mesothelial origin usually involving the uterus, the Fallopian tubes, and the paratesticular region. Adenomatoid tumors of the adrenal gland, the liver, the extragenital peritoneum, the pleura, and the mediastinum have been rarely reported. They are usually small incidental findings, but large, multicystic and papillary tumors, as well as multiple tumors have been described. Their pathogenesis is related to immunosuppression and to TRAF7 mutations. Despite being benign tumors, there are several macroscopic or clinical aspects that could raise diagnostic difficulties. The aim of this review was to describe the microscopic and macroscopic aspects of adenomatoid tumor with a special focus on its differential diagnosis and pathogenesis and the possible link of adenomatoid tumor with other mesothelial lesions, such as the well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma and the benign multicystic mesothelioma, also known as multilocular peritoneal cysts.
Topics: Adenomatoid Tumor; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Humans; Male
PubMed: 32769378
DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000278 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2020Localized pleural mesothelioma is a rare solitary circumscribed pleural tumor that is microscopically similar to diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. However, the...
Localized pleural mesothelioma is a rare solitary circumscribed pleural tumor that is microscopically similar to diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. However, the molecular characteristics and nosologic relationship with its diffuse counterpart remain unknown. In a consecutive cohort of 1110 patients with pleural mesotheliomas diagnosed in 2005-2018, we identified six (0.5%) patients diagnosed with localized pleural mesotheliomas. We gathered clinical history, evaluated the histopathology, and in select cases performed karyotypic analysis and targeted next-generation sequencing. The cohort included three women and three men (median age 63; range 28-76), often presenting incidentally during radiologic evaluation for unrelated conditions. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered in two patients. All tumors (median size 5.0 cm; range 2.7-13.5 cm) demonstrated gross circumscription (with microscopic invasion into lung, soft tissue, and/or rib in four cases), mesothelioma histology (four biphasic and two epithelioid types), and mesothelial immunophenotype. Of four patients with at least 6-month follow-up, three were alive (up to 8.9 years). Genomic characterization identified several subgroups: (1) BAP1 mutations with deletions of CDKN2A and NF2 in two tumors; (2) TRAF7 mutations in two tumors, including one harboring trisomies of chromosomes 3, 5, 7, and X; and (3) genomic near-haploidization, characterized by extensive loss of heterozygosity sparing chromosomes 5 and 7. Localized pleural mesotheliomas appear genetically heterogeneous and include BAP1-mutated, TRAF7-mutated, and near-haploid subgroups. While the BAP1-mutated subgroup is similar to diffuse malignant pleural mesotheliomas, the TRAF7-mutated subgroup overlaps genetically with adenomatoid tumors and well-differentiated papillary mesotheliomas, in which recurrent TRAF7 mutations have been described. Genomic near-haploidization, identified recently in a subset of diffuse malignant pleural mesotheliomas, suggests a novel mechanism in the pathogenesis of both localized pleural mesothelioma and diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. Our findings describe distinctive genetic features of localized pleural mesothelioma, with both similarities to and differences from diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Female; Gene Deletion; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Neurofibromin 2; Phenotype; Pleural Neoplasms; Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase
PubMed: 31371807
DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0330-9 -
Medicine Dec 2023Adenomatoid tumors are rare benign tumors, mainly involving the reproductive tract, such as the epididymis in men and the uterus and fallopian tubes in women. However, a... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Adenomatoid tumors are rare benign tumors, mainly involving the reproductive tract, such as the epididymis in men and the uterus and fallopian tubes in women. However, a few cases can occur outside the reproductive tract. Herein, we report a rare case of a primary adenomatoid tumor of the adrenal gland.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 50-year-old man underwent ultrasound examination and was found to have a right adrenal mass without elevated blood pressure, weakness after fatigue, frequent nocturnal urination urgency, pain, or a history of hematuria. The patient's general health was normal. Computed tomography revealed a polycystic mixed-density lesion in the right adrenal region, approximately 7.3 × 4.5 cm in size.
DIAGNOSES
Based on the clinical information, morphological features, and immunohistochemistry results, a pathological diagnosis of primary adenomatoid tumor of the adrenal gland was made.
INTERVENTION
Excision of the right adrenal gland and tumor through the 11 ribs.
OUTCOMES
The patient's postoperative course was uneventful.
LESSONS
Preventing misdiagnosis adenomatoid tumors with other types of adrenal gland tumors or metastatic tumors is imperative. Morphological and immunohistochemical features can help diagnose primary adenomatoid tumors of the adrenal gland.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Adenomatoid Tumor; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Immunohistochemistry; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 38115250
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036739 -
Quintessence International (Berlin,... Feb 2022Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign odontogenic tumor with an excellent prognosis, often seen in children and young adults. The aim was to examine the...
OBJECTIVE
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign odontogenic tumor with an excellent prognosis, often seen in children and young adults. The aim was to examine the spectrum of clinical, radiographic, and histologic attributes of AOT and assess clinician recognition of this entity. In addition, diagnostic considerations and treatment modalities were explored.
METHOD AND MATERIALS
With Institutional Review Board approval, archival cases of AOT from the University of Florida Oral Pathology Biopsy Service (1994-2019) were examined. Clinical and demographic data along with accompanying radiographs and original slides were reviewed.
RESULTS
A total of 28 cases of AOT were identified. These were all solitary in nature, with a mean age of 20.6 years (range 12-67 years). Most patients were under 20 (75.0%) with a definite female predilection (64.3%). Anterior jaws remained the most common location (85.2%), with a higher maxillary predilection (57.1%). Clinical impression included odontogenic lesions such as dentigerous cyst, lateral periodontal cyst, and odontogenic keratocyst.
CONCLUSION
The spectrum of features of AOT is described. As clinicians were unfamiliar with AOT, highly characteristic features of AOT and more unique variants are discussed extensively to improve diagnostic aptitude. Clinicians must remain aware of this entity, as treatment is minimal compared to other odontogenic entities.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Biopsy; Child; Female; Humans; Maxilla; Middle Aged; Odontogenic Tumors; Young Adult
PubMed: 34709771
DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b2218723