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Molekuliarnaia Biologiia 2023ArdB proteins are known to inhibit the activity of the type I restriction-modification (RM-I) system, in particular EcoKI (IA family). The mechanism of ArdB's activity...
ArdB proteins are known to inhibit the activity of the type I restriction-modification (RM-I) system, in particular EcoKI (IA family). The mechanism of ArdB's activity still remains unknown; the spectrum of targets inhibited has been poorly studied. In this work, it was shown that the presence of the ardB gene from the R64 plasmid could suppress the activity of EcoAI endonuclease (IB family) in Escherichia coli TG1 cells. Due to the absence of specificity of ArdB to a certain RM-I system (it inhibits both the IA- and IB-family), it can be assumed that the mechanism of the anti-restriction activity of this protein does not depend on the sequence DNA at the recognition site nor the structure of the restriction enzyme of the RM-I systems.
Topics: DNA Restriction Enzymes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Plasmids; DNA
PubMed: 36976744
DOI: 10.31857/S0026898423010056 -
Kardiologiia Nov 2021This document is a consensus document of Russian Specialists in Heart Failure, Russian Society of Cardiology, Russian Association of Specialists in Ultrasound...
This document is a consensus document of Russian Specialists in Heart Failure, Russian Society of Cardiology, Russian Association of Specialists in Ultrasound Diagnostics in Medicine and Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases. In the document a definition of focus ultrasound is stated and discussed when it can be used in cardiology practice in Russian Federation.
Topics: Cardiology; Consensus; Heart Failure; Humans; Russia; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34882074
DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2021.11.n1812 -
Problemy Sotsial'noi Gigieny,... Jan 2022Over the last decades, with purpose of increasing efficiency of medical and preventive activities, the search, development, implementation and improvement of new methods... (Review)
Review
Over the last decades, with purpose of increasing efficiency of medical and preventive activities, the search, development, implementation and improvement of new methods and models of health care system functioning and management of medical organizations is carried out. Purpose of the study - to analyze mechanisms of implementing strategies of medical prevention in the Russian Federation. The publications on implementation of strategies of medical prevention in the Russian Federation were analyzed. The data analysis testifies that improvement of preventive activities at the level of ambulatory polyclinic care is initiated in many subjects of the Russian Federation. However, efficiency of these innovations remains relatively low. The conclusion is made that high morbidity and mortality of non-communicable diseases testify the most urgent need in optimizing prevention system.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Organizations; Russia
PubMed: 35157374
DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2022-30-1-10-16 -
Kardiologiia Jan 2022Aim To evaluate the diagnostic capacity of left ventricular (LV) postsystolic shortening (PSS) values obtained by speckle-tracking stress-echocardiography...
Diagnostic value of postsystolic shortening of the left ventricular myocardium assessed during speckle tracking stress echocardiography on the treadmill in patients with coronary artery disease.
Aim To evaluate the diagnostic capacity of left ventricular (LV) postsystolic shortening (PSS) values obtained by speckle-tracking stress-echocardiography (stress-EchoCG) using a treadmill test in determining the functional significance of the degree of coronary artery (CA) stenosis.Material and methods The study included 132 patients (80 men aged 65.0±9.3 years) with suspected or previously verified diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. Stress-EchoCG with the treadmill test was performed for all patients. Strain parameters were determined by two-dimensional speckle-tracking on gray-scale images before and after the exercise. Values of LV postsystolic index (PSI) and LV mean postsystolic time (PST) were calculated. Coronary angiography was performed for all patients. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the severity of CA stenosis according to the G. G. Gensini score.Results LV PSS values at rest did not significantly differ between the patient groups. After completion of the exercise, the mean LV PSI was significantly higher for patients with pronounced CA stenosis than in the group without CA stenosis or with moderate CA stenosis: 8.9 % [3.8; 10.7 %] vs. 3.8 % [2.2; 6.8 %] (p=0.012) and 3.4 % [2.2; 6.2 %] (p=0.012), respectively. The mean LV PSI after completion of the exercise indicated the presence of pronounced CA stenosis with a sensitivity of 75 % and a specificity of 61 % (area under the curve, AUC, 0.74±0.06; р<0.001). After completion of the exercise, the mean LV PST was significantly greater for patients with pronounced CA stenosis than in the group without CA stenosis or with moderate CA stenosis: 27.4 [18.7; 34.7] ms vs. 18.4 [10.8; 26.5] ms (p=0.036) and 20.9 [14.2; 29.5] ms (p=0.036), respectively. The mean LV PST after completion of the exercise exceeding 23.5 ms suggests pronounced CA stenosis with a sensitivity of 71 % and a specificity of 65 % (AUC 0.69±0.06; p=0.004). A complex evaluation of the LV PSI, the LV local contractility disorder (LCD) index, the LV PST, and LV LCD index allows enhancement of the test sensitivity in diagnozing pronounced CA stenosis.Conclusion Determination of LV PSS in speckle-tracking stress-EchoCG may be useful for evaluating the functional significance of the degree of CA stenosis to enhance the sensitivity of stress-EchoCG in patients with pronounced CA stenosis.
Topics: Aged; Coronary Artery Disease; Echocardiography; Echocardiography, Stress; Exercise Test; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35168534
DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2022.1.n1724 -
Journal of Tissue Engineering and... May 2020According to experimental studies, mesh implants may reduce in size up to 50.8% during their integration into soft tissues. This results in impaired mobility of the... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
According to experimental studies, mesh implants may reduce in size up to 50.8% during their integration into soft tissues. This results in impaired mobility of the anterior abdominal wall and hernia recurrences, as well as affects patients' quality of life. Due to unsatisfactory radiographic contrast of polymeric mesh implants, changes in their size can be rarely confirmed using imaging methods. Medical devices made of metal alloys have the best radiographic contrast.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic contrast of mesh implants made of titanium filaments and to determine the sizes and locations of the implants after the anterior abdominal wall hernia repair.
MATERIALS & METHODS
The study included 40 patients with inguinal, umbilical, and postoperative ventral hernias. Surgical hernia repair was performed using a mash implant made of titanium filaments, "titanium silk". Multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) was performed on Days 3 and 90 after surgery, followed by an assessment of the size and location of the mesh implant.
RESULTS
90 days after the anterior abdominal wall hernia repair, the locations of the titanium silk mesh implants in the tissues corresponded to their intraoperative setting. There were no statistically significant changes in the sizes of mesh implants on Day 90, compared with Day 3.
CONCLUSION
The titanium silk mesh implants have satisfactory radiographic contrast, which allows imaging of their location and size in the tissues using MSCT and comprehensive evaluation of hernia repair outcomes using instrumental methods of examination.
Topics: Adult; Female; Hernia, Ventral; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Surgical Mesh; Titanium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32187850
DOI: 10.1002/term.3029 -
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2022To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the frequency of Kimmerle's anomaly (KA) in patients with grades III and IV vertebral artery (VA) sulcus... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the frequency of Kimmerle's anomaly (KA) in patients with grades III and IV vertebral artery (VA) sulcus ossification.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We searched the PubMed and eLIBRARY.RU databases, identified 68 articles in English, and obtained data of 29.770 patients. To date, no study in Russia has reported KA. The incidence of KA was determined using single-group meta-analysis. We used odds ratios (OR) to investigate the association between sex and the frequency of KA. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger test.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of complete KA was 8.6% (95%, confidence interval (CI) 7.8-9.5%); however, the Egger test confirmed publication bias (=2.102, =0.022), which was eliminated by dividing the patient sample by geographic macroregions. The incidence of KA in Europe and Asia was 10.1% and 6.5%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of KA associated with grade III ossification was 7.2% (95% CI 4.9-10.4%). The OR of KA in men vs. women was 1.23 (95% CI 1.098-1.389).
CONCLUSION
The incidence of KA was significantly associated with the macroregion. Nearly 15.8% of the population may show grades III and IV VA sulcus ossification, and surgical treatment is required in some patients. KA formation is more typical for males. A population study is warranted to clarify the frequency of KA in the Russian population.
Topics: Asia; Europe; Female; Humans; Male; Osteogenesis; Prevalence; Vertebral Artery
PubMed: 36168686
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212209137 -
Problemy Sotsial'noi Gigieny,... Nov 2023The actual direction of improving provision of mental care of population is increasing of efficiency of specialized primary medical sanitary care of patients with mental...
The actual direction of improving provision of mental care of population is increasing of efficiency of specialized primary medical sanitary care of patients with mental disorders in conditions of implementation of biopsychosocial model of its realization. The study of mental disorders morbidity demonstrated that qualitative changes occurred in structure of contingents of mental institutions towards decreasing of number of dispensary patients and corresponding increasing of number of patients receiving medical and consultative assistance. The analysis of indicators of movement of contingents with mental disorders testifies decrease in effectiveness of dispensary observation that is confirmed by decrease of rate of de-registration due to recovery, by increase of de-registration due to death, increase in number of suicidal attempts and in disability among patients with mental illness of able-bodied age. It was established that problems in ensuring quality of medical care are conditioned manly by lack of actual organizational and methodological support of dispensary observation of patients, predominance of passive dynamic observation by local psychiatrist. Based on the results of study of organization of functioning of district psychiatrist, medical and organizational measures were developed to improve organization of dispensary observation of patients with mental disorders.
Topics: Humans; Morbidity; Referral and Consultation; Psychiatrists; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 38142343
DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-6-1408-1412 -
Angiologiia I Sosudistaia Khirurgiia =... 2020The back of the foot is a standard region for measuring transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcpO2) with a reliably determined threshold of ischaemia, but such measurement...
The back of the foot is a standard region for measuring transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcpO2) with a reliably determined threshold of ischaemia, but such measurement reflects blood supply of only a portion of angiosomes of the foot. Determining the reference values of tcpO2 in other regions of the lower extremity is of current importance. However, measuring the tcpO2 level on the plantar surface and in some other regions not uncommonly reveal a phenomenon of its steady decrease instead of formation of a plateau. The purpose of the present study was to analyse the frequency of the phenomenon of a steady decrease in ptcO2 level while performing transcutaneous oximetry in various zones of the lower extremity. We retrospectively analysed the results of a total of 160 measurements of tcpO2 in 35 patients with diabetes mellitus. The patients' mean age amounted to 68 (47-87) years, with the duration of diabetes mellitus averaging 14 (1-24) years. The male-to-female ratio was 60:40. Seventy-seven percent of patients had foot ulcers/wounds, 34% of patients had a history of previously endured revascularization. The examination was carried out in the dorsal, plantar, medial plantar regions of the foot, on the medial surface of the crus and in the subclavian region, using the TCM 400 monitoring device (Radiometer, Denmark). The measurements were performed by an experienced operator in strict accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. We evaluated the average value of tcpO2 between the 15th and 19th minutes of measurement and the peculiarities of the tpcO2 curve (plateau/increase/decrease of the value) within this time interval. The mean tcpO2 value in the medial plantar region was significantly higher than that on the back of the foot: 34 (3-70) versus 22 (1-59) mm Hg, p=0.003. A portion of measurements demonstrated a steady decrease in the tpcO2 during the measurement up to the 40th minute. Complying with the stable plateau phase criteria we had developed were 92% of measurements in the subclavian region, 100% - in the middle third of the crus, 76% - on the back of the foot, 77% - in the medial plantar region and 43% - on the plantar surface of the foot. CONCLUSIONS: 1) the revealed phenomenon of a steady decrease of tcpO2 in some patients needs to be taken into consideration in clinical practice and deserves further study; 2) the nature of this phenomenon is unclear, with a possible effect of skin creams on the results of the measurements; 3) it is advisable to include into the functions of the devices for transcutaneous oximetry an algorithm for confirmation of the true phase of the plateau and calculation of the mean tcpO2 value for a chosen period; 4) despite the need for measurement of tcpO2 in the 'alternative zones' it is necessary to thoroughly study the reliability of the data in these zones and to determine the normal values of the parameter separately for each of them.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Foot; Humans; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32240131
DOI: 10.33529/ANGIO2020119 -
Kardiologiia Aug 2021Aim To evaluate the prognostic significance of the left ventricular global function index (LV GFI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Aim To evaluate the prognostic significance of the left ventricular global function index (LV GFI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using echocardiography (EchoCG).Material and methods The LV GFI is an index that integrates LV cavity volumes, stroke volume, and myocardial volume. This study included 2169 patients with ACS (1340 (61.8%) men) aged 64.1±12.6 years from two observational multicenter studies, ORACLE I and ORACLE II. 1800 (83 %) cases were associated with increased concentrations of myocardial injury markers, including 826 (38.1 %) cases of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI). The observation was started on the 10th day of clinical condition stabilization and lasted for one year. EchoCG was performed with evaluation of LV GFI, which was calculated as a ratio of LV stroke volume to LV global volume. The LV global volume was calculated as a sum of mean LV cavity volume (LV end-diastolic volume + LV end-systolic volume / 2) and LV myocardial volume.Results The main outcome of the study was all-cause death (n=193); recurrent coronary complications (n=253) were analyzed separately. The only EchoCG parameter indicating an adverse outcome during the one-year follow-up was a LV GFI decrease to below 22.6 % with a sensitivity of 72 % and a specificity of 60% (area under the curve, AUC=0.63). A LV GFI <22.6 % was an independent predictor of all-cause death (p=0.019) along with age (p=0.0001), history of MI (p=0.034), and presence of heart failure (HF) (p=0.044), diabetes mellitus (p=0.012), and peripheral atherosclerosis (p=0.001). The LV GFI <22.6 %, (p=0.044), heart rate upon discharge from the hospital (p=0.050), history of MI (p=0.006), presence of HF (p=0.014), and peripheral atherosclerosis (p=0.001) were also independent predictors for recurrent coronary complications. Decreased LV GFI was associated with the risk of fatal outcomes independent of the LV ejection fraction at baseline.Conclusion In patients with ACS, the left ventricular global function index is an independent predictor for all-cause death and recurrent coronary complications and may be used for risk stratification.
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Echocardiography; Humans; Male; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left
PubMed: 34549690
DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2021.8.n1508 -
Kardiologiia Mar 2021Aim To determine diagnostic capabilities of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal systolic strain (GLSS) in stress echocardiography (stress-EchoCG)...
Aim To determine diagnostic capabilities of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal systolic strain (GLSS) in stress echocardiography (stress-EchoCG) with a treadmill test for diagnosing the functional significance of the degree of coronary stenosis.Material and methods The study included 121 patients (73 men aged 68.3±7.7 years) with suspected or previously diagnosed ischemic heart disease (IHD). Speckle-tracking stress-EchCG (method of tracking speckles on two-dimensional gray-scale ultrasonic images) with a treadmill test and coronarography was performed for all patients. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the severity of coronary artery (CA) stenosis according to the Gensini scale.Results LV GLSS at rest did not significantly differ between the study groups. After the exercise, LV GLSS was significantly lower in patients with pronounced CA stenosis than in patients without or with moderate CA stenosis (15.9±4.6 % vs. 20.6±3.7 % (p<0.001) and 19.6±3.0 % (p=0.003), respectively). Postexercise LV GLSS <16.9% suggested a pronounced CA stenosis with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 70% (area under the curve, AUC, 0.76±0.06 at 95 % confidence interval, CI, 0.63-0.89; р<0.001). In the patient group without CA stenosis, LV GLSS showed a significant increase after completion of the exercise (from 19.1±3.1 to 20.6±3.7; p=0.04).Conclusion Evaluation of LV GLSS and its dynamics in stress-EchoCG with a treadmill test may be promising in patients with IHD, since in most patients with pronounced CA stenosis, LV GLSS is reduced at baseline and further reduces in response to exercise. In patients without CA stenosis, LV GLSS increases after completing the exercise.
Topics: Aged; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Stenosis; Echocardiography; Echocardiography, Stress; Exercise Test; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reproducibility of Results; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
PubMed: 33849412
DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2021.3.n1462