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Clinical Neuropathology 2020Malignant transformation in craniopharyngiomas is a very uncommon event and scarcely mentioned in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Malignant transformation in craniopharyngiomas is a very uncommon event and scarcely mentioned in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS). So far, there are only 34 reported cases.
AIMS
We report an additional case in a 63-year-old woman who was diagnosed with craniopharyngioma 47 years ago. We reviewed the literature in order to define the histological features of malignant craniopharyngioma and its overlap with odontogenic tumors.
RESULTS
Our case presented morphology of mixed odontogenic ghost cell/ameloblastic carcinoma. Analyzing all reported cases, 18 of them presented malignization as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 1 as odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma, 2 as ameloblastic carcinoma, and 10 cases were mentioned just as malignant craniopharyngiomas.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that SCC represented only half of the malignant cases, while the morphology of ~ 11% of them was comparable with ameloblastic or odontogenic ghost cell carcinomas and 28% lacked a specific histological diagnosis. Most cases were fatal, which makes it necessary to include the entity of malignant craniopharyngioma in the WHO Classification of Tumors of the CNS as a high-grade tumor defining its histological variability.
Topics: Carcinoma; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors; Pituitary Neoplasms; Supratentorial Neoplasms
PubMed: 31661068
DOI: 10.5414/NP301189 -
Veterinary Pathology Mar 2023Odontogenic neoplasms demonstrate unique histopathological features and are thought to arise from the germinal tissues of the developing tooth germ, effectively...
Odontogenic neoplasms demonstrate unique histopathological features and are thought to arise from the germinal tissues of the developing tooth germ, effectively restricting their anatomic origin to the tooth-bearing regions of the jaw and directly associated soft tissues of the oral cavity. Ectopic odontogenic-like neoplasms located in the skin of cats, rabbits, and human beings challenge these assumptions. Here we describe the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features of 6 spontaneously occurring odontogenic-like neoplasms arising in the cutaneous tissue of the cheek in client-owned pet rabbits, including ameloblastoma-like (n = 3), ameloblastic fibroma-like (n = 2), and ameloblastic carcinoma-like neoplasms (n = 1). Microscopically, all the cheek tumors featured neoplastic epithelium exhibiting odontogenic architectural structures (plexiform ribbons, anastomosing trabeculae, follicles, cysts, and irregular structures with rounded botryoid protuberances) and 1 or more cardinal odontogenic epithelial features (basal palisading, antibasilar nuclei, and central stellate reticulum-like cells). The pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 5/6, cytokeratin 14, and vimentin immunohistochemical patterns of these odontogenic-like lesions were most similar to those of jaw-associated ameloblastoma and differed from those of cutaneous trichoblastoma. All neoplasms were narrowly excised, and for lesions with clinical follow-up information, none had evidence of recurrence 1-7 months after surgical removal. Although evidence suggests that these odontogenic-like tumors of the rabbit cheek may be derived from ectopic rests of transformed tooth germ, the histogenesis of these lesions remains unresolved.
Topics: Rabbits; Humans; Animals; Ameloblastoma; Cheek; Odontogenic Tumors; Epithelium; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 36683413
DOI: 10.1177/03009858221148512 -
Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia Apr 2023Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant odontogenic tumour that can arise de novo or from a preexisting benign lesion. It most frequently involves the...
Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant odontogenic tumour that can arise de novo or from a preexisting benign lesion. It most frequently involves the mandible, and its clinical course is aggressive with extensive local destruction. Although rare, these lesions have been known to metastasize, mostly to regional lymph nodes or lungs. Surgical therapy, eventually followed by radiotherapy, is the treatment modality most frequently used, while the role of chemotherapy remains unclear. Here we present a case of secondary ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible in a 33-year-old male patient with typical aggressiveness and extensive local destruction and metastasis with a follow-up period of 93 months. KEY WORDS: Ameloblastic Carcinoma, Head and Neck Cancer, Maxillofacial Surgery, Oncological Surgery.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Ameloblastoma; Odontogenic Tumors; Mouth Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Carcinoma; Mandibular Neoplasms
PubMed: 37199484
DOI: No ID Found -
Ameloblastic Carcinoma with Calcification: A Rare Case Report in the Mandible and Literature Review.Case Reports in Dentistry 2020Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a scarce malignant tumor which is more prevalent in the mandible than the maxilla. It occurs in a wide range of age groups, and there is a...
Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a scarce malignant tumor which is more prevalent in the mandible than the maxilla. It occurs in a wide range of age groups, and there is a sex predilection in males. AC shows specific microscopic features and requires more aggressive surgical treatment plans in comparison with conventional ameloblastoma. Radiographically, AC resembles ameloblastoma except that it rarely represents focal mineralized materials, seemingly reflecting dystrophic calcification. This characteristic is uncommon in typical ameloblastomas, and only few cases reported with such opacities and mineralized materials. Due to this rare radiographic and microscopic presentation, an accurate diagnosis could be challenging, and pathologists should consider a combination of benign and malignant odontogenic tumors occurring in jaws.
PubMed: 33110663
DOI: 10.1155/2020/4216489 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Feb 2020Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC), NOS is an odontogenic carcinoma with unknown etiology. Its diagnosis may be used when central jaw carcinoma cannot be categorized...
BACKGROUND
Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC), NOS is an odontogenic carcinoma with unknown etiology. Its diagnosis may be used when central jaw carcinoma cannot be categorized as any other type of carcinoma. Further information on this extremely rare tumor is needed to improve our understanding and evaluate the classification of odontogenic carcinomas.
CASE PRESENTATION
We herein presented two patients with PIOC, NOS with different clinical and histopathological features and analyzed gene mutations in these patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The typical PIOC, NOS case had many histopathological similarities to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), including the missense point mutations of TP53 Glu285Val, KDR Gln472His, and APC Pro1433Leu, which are similar to those in other cancers; however, no mutations were detected in the other patient with an atypical presentation of PIOC, NOS, which was derived from a precursor cystic lesion with similarities to both ameloblastic carcinoma and OSCC.
CONCLUSIONS
Genetic analysis suggested that these two PIOC, NOS cases have different features and can be subcategorized.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Mouth Neoplasms; Mutation; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 32113465
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-01827-6 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Jan 2021Although immunohistochemistry (IHC) along with molecular tests has been investigated in ameloblastoma for BRAF V600E detection, VE1 IHC has not been studied in...
BACKGROUND
Although immunohistochemistry (IHC) along with molecular tests has been investigated in ameloblastoma for BRAF V600E detection, VE1 IHC has not been studied in odontogenic carcinomas (OCs) and benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumours (BMOTs). Here, we performed BRAF V600E mutation analysis, examined the expression pattern of VE1 IHC, and comparatively evaluated the performance of two VE1 antibodies in ameloblastomas, OCs and BMOTs.
METHODS
BRAF V600E detection was performed using Sanger sequencing in a total of 47 odontogenic tumours: 28 ameloblastomas, 6 OCs and 13 BMOTs. VE1 IHC was conducted using two different antibodies (IHC-A and IHC-V), and their performance was analysed by calculating the sensitivity and specificity compared with sequencing.
RESULTS
BRAF V600E mutations were identified in 24/28 (85.7%) ameloblastomas, 2/5 (40.0%) ameloblastic carcinomas (ACs), 3/7 (42.9%) ameloblastic fibromas and 1/2 (50.0%) ameloblastic fibro-odontomas. In the presence of the mutation, VE1 showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining in ameloblastomas and ACs, whereas all BMOTs were negative for VE1. IHC-A and IHC-V yielded a sensitivity of 76.7% and 60.0%, respectively, although both antibodies showed 100% specificity.
CONCLUSION
OCs and BMOTs have BRAF V600E mutations in common at lower frequencies than ameloblastoma. Diffuse VE1 cytoplasmic staining in AC suggests the utility of MAPK-targeted therapy as selectively applied in ameloblastoma, and consistent VE1 false-negative expression in BMOTs requires further investigation. Considering the high specificity but low sensitivity of VE1 IHC, molecular tests should be performed to determine the presence of BRAF V600E mutations in odontogenic tumours.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mutation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 32939809
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13108 -
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and... Apr 2021Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor which undergoes malignant transformation to ameloblastic carcinoma. However, rarely it metastasizes without undergoing...
Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor which undergoes malignant transformation to ameloblastic carcinoma. However, rarely it metastasizes without undergoing cytological malignant changes, an entity referred to as Metastasizing Ameloblastoma (MA). Through this study, we aimed to review cases of MA reported since 2000 to explore the impact of clinico-demographic variables on its prognosis. Based on PRISMA guidelines, a review of relevant literature from PubMed/Medline, Science Direct and Cochrane database was performed from January 2000 to March 2019. A total of 65 cases were considered for further evaluation as per predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results showed that lungs followed by lymph nodes were the most common sites for benign metastatic deposits. Multiple recurrences and inadequate surgical removal increase the probability of distant metastatic spread. Despite having benign cytological features, tumor recurrence and metastasis were associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome in MA.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Odontogenic Tumors; Prognosis
PubMed: 32659412
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.07.001 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Nov 2022Ameloblastoma is regarded as the second most prevalent odontogenic tumor in the light of its prevalence, clinical characteristics, greater incidence of tumor recurrence,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Ameloblastoma is regarded as the second most prevalent odontogenic tumor in the light of its prevalence, clinical characteristics, greater incidence of tumor recurrence, and therapeutic challenges. The aim of this systematic review was to establish the prevalence of ameloblastoma in the Indian subcontinent and to establish a national epidemiologic profile for these lesions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review was undertaken based on the PRISMA guidelines in search of epidemiologic studies concerning odontogenic tumors and ameloblastoma that are listed by PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar embracing the period from January 2010 to December 2021, to evaluate the prevalence rate in India. A total of 277 publications were retrieved, of which 27 articles were selected, based on the World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumors.
RESULTS
The affected individuals were on average in the third decade of life, with a higher male predominance. The majority of the tumors were multilocular radiolucencies in the posterior mandible, with follicular and plexiform histopathological features. The most common type of malignant lesion is ameloblastic carcinoma. Over 60% of follicular ameloblastoma recurred more frequently than the other types of ameloblastoma.The random effect model shows overall point estimate of 4.83 with 95% confidence interval (4.44 -5.26).
CONCLUSION
The systematic study indicates a slight male predisposition to ameloblastoma, with a peak incidence in the third decade of life and the mandible as the preferred anatomical site. The solid/multicystic ameloblastoma is the most prevalent histopathologic pattern. More epidemiological research on the prevalence rate of ameloblastoma is required, particularly in India, in an effort to accurately determine the national epidemiological profile of ameloblastoma.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Ameloblastoma; Prevalence; India; Odontogenic Tumors; Genotype
PubMed: 36444570
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.11.3601 -
Cureus Dec 2019Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is an exceedingly rare odontogenic cancer about which there is limited information in the literature. We present a case of AC originating in...
Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is an exceedingly rare odontogenic cancer about which there is limited information in the literature. We present a case of AC originating in the sinus cavity and extending to the skull base in a patient in the first trimester of pregnancy. Diagnostic work up was complicated by this pregnancy, which delayed radiation exposure with imaging. Once scans were obtained, diagnosis was further complicated by the radiographic similarities between possible lung metastases and previously undiagnosed sarcoid nodules. After thorough work up to rule out metastatic disease, the patient was successfully treated with primary surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation. The patient remained disease free at one year after therapy. This case demonstrates the importance of thorough work up in the diagnosis of AC, and is an opportunity to review the literature and discuss therapeutic methods to treat this rare, aggressive neoplasm.
PubMed: 31903302
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6265 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2021head and neck cancers have essentially been a disease of the elderly but recent studies are beginning to demonstrate their increasing incidence in young people with...
INTRODUCTION
head and neck cancers have essentially been a disease of the elderly but recent studies are beginning to demonstrate their increasing incidence in young people with infections such as human papilloma virus (HPV). This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of high risk Human papilloma virus (hrHPV) related oropharyngeal carcinoma and its prevalent genotypes as well as their strength of association with HIV in adult Nigerian subjects.
METHODS
this was a cross-sectional study of 41 patients with oropharyngeal carcinomas seen over a 2-year period. Patients had incisional and/or excisional biopsy done under anesthesia. A portion of the specimen from which the DNA was extracted was placed in Digene HC2 DNA collection device while the 2 portion for histopathological analysis was fixed using 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin (NBF) and embedded in paraffin blocks. Oropharyngeal cancer HPV genotyping was done using HPV genotypes 14 real-tm quant kit (SACACE, Italy). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.
RESULTS
prevalence of HPV was 17.1% with a male to female ratio of 2.7: 1. The identified genotypes were 16, 33, 35 and 52 with 28.6% of patients having more than one genotype. Most of the age groups studied were affected. Squamous cell carcinoma and ameloblastic carcinoma were the cancers associated with HPV. HPV was not identified in the HIV positive patients.
CONCLUSION
high-risk human papilloma virus genotypes 16, 33, 35 and 52 are associated with oropharyngeal carcinoma in Nigeria but were not found in HIV patients. This finding provides a strong evidence for the use of the 9-valent prophylactic vaccine for the prevention of oropharyngeal cancer in Nigeria. Public awareness and HPV prevention strategies should reduce significantly the incidence of oropharyngeal carcinomas in our environment.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cross-Sectional Studies; DNA, Viral; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nigeria; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Young Adult
PubMed: 33777308
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.40.27309