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Cheilitis: A cross-sectional study-multiple factors involved in the aetiology and clinical features.Oral Diseases Nov 2023Since the aetiologies of cheilitis are broad and overlapping, the purpose of this cross-sectional clinical study was to examine the multiple factors involved in...
OBJECTIVE
Since the aetiologies of cheilitis are broad and overlapping, the purpose of this cross-sectional clinical study was to examine the multiple factors involved in aetiology and the disease's clinical features.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
We analysed cheilitis prevalence, demography, clinical features, patients' habits, psychological stress, systemic diseases, vitamin B9, B12 and iron serum levels and allergy test results in a total of 130 subjects with cheilitis, plus 22 healthy subjects.
RESULTS
The most common cheilitis types were: cheilitis simplex and eczematous cheilitis (28.5%); herpetic cheilitis (16.9%); and exfoliative and angular cheilitis (7.7%). Concerning bad habits, there was a significant association/connection between self-reported saliva at the corners of the mouth and angular cheilitis, and between lip licking/biting and exfoliative cheilitis. Common associated conditions were skin diseases (56.5%) and atopy (84%). Vitamin B9 and B12 serum and iron values were mostly within the normal reference range. The patients suffering from herpetic cheilitis had significantly higher psychological/mental stress levels than the control group.
CONCLUSION
To our knowledge, this is the first study of cheilitis patients that has simultaneously analysed aetiological factors, characteristics of the disease and diagnostic parameters.
Topics: Humans; Cheilitis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Skin Diseases; Iron; Folic Acid
PubMed: 36001068
DOI: 10.1111/odi.14359 -
Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii Aug 2022Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumours derived from peptidergic neurons and specialized neuroendocrine cells capable of secreting... (Review)
Review
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumours derived from peptidergic neurons and specialized neuroendocrine cells capable of secreting various peptides or amines. These cells may be present in endocrine tissue or diffused in the tissues of the digestive or respiratory system. The article reviews the characteristic features of NENs, with particular emphasis on skin manifestations, such as necrolytic migratory erythema (NME), tongue inflammation, angular cheilitis, venous thrombosis and alopecia in glucagonoma; "flushing", "lion face", pellagra skin symptoms, "scleroderma-like features without Raynaud's phenomenon" in carcinoid tumours. The paper also presents the clinical picture of the neuroendocrine tumour of the skin - Merkel cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to draw attention to the need for precise and comprehensive diagnosis of the patients, with particular emphasis on skin lesions as a revelator of neuroendocrine tumours. This management allows for the early implementation of appropriate treatment.
PubMed: 36090712
DOI: 10.5114/ada.2021.112073 -
International Journal of Dermatology Apr 2022
Topics: Biotinidase Deficiency; Blepharitis; Cheilitis; Humans; Lip Diseases; Male
PubMed: 34416014
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15875 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Aug 2020Background and Objectives Over the last years, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported on a high incidence in pediatric populations and has been associated...
UNLABELLED
Background and Objectives Over the last years, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported on a high incidence in pediatric populations and has been associated with numerous extraintestinal manifestations, making its management a real challenge for the pediatric gastroenterologist. Dermatological manifestations in IBD are either specific, related to the disease activity or treatment-associated, or non-specific. This literature review aims to identify and report the dermatological manifestations of IBD in children, the correlation between their appearance and the demographical characteristics, the relationship between these lesions and disease activity, and to highlight the impact of dermatological manifestations on an IBD treatment regime.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systemic literature review was performed, investigating articles and case reports on dermatological manifestations in children with IBD starting from 2005. A total of 159 potentially suitable articles were identified and after the exclusion process, 75 articles were selected.
RESULTS
The most common dermatological manifestations reported in pediatric IBD are erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum. More rare cases of metastatic Crohn's disease, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, small-vessel vasculitis, necrotizing vasculitis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, and Sweet's syndrome have been reported. Oral manifestations of IBD are divided into specific (tag-like lesions, mucogingivitis, lip swelling with vertical fissures, aphthous stomatitis, and pyostomatitis vegetans) and non-specific. IBD treatment may present with side effects involving the skin and mucosa. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents have been linked to opportunistic skin infections, psoriasiform lesions, and a potentially increased risk for skin cancer. Cutaneous manifestations such as acrodermatitis enteropathica, purpuric lesions, and angular cheilitis may appear secondary to malnutrition and/or malabsorption.
CONCLUSIONS
The correct diagnosis of dermatological manifestations in pediatric IBD is of paramount importance because of their impact on disease activity, treatment options, and a patient's psychological status.
Topics: Biological Factors; Child; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Malabsorption Syndromes; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 32842528
DOI: 10.3390/medicina56090425 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Aug 2023To investigate the association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and oral changes, and to evaluate whether oral changes can indicate a higher risk of disease...
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and oral changes, and to evaluate whether oral changes can indicate a higher risk of disease progression to death.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This case-control study analyzed patients hospitalized (university hospital), including those in intensive care unit and clinical wards. The study group comprised 69 COVID-19 positive patients (PCR-test), while the control group included 43 COVID-19 negative patients. A dentist performed oral evaluations, and salivary samples were collected for calcium, phosphatase, and pH analysis. Sociodemographic data, hospitalization information, and hematological test results were collected from electronic-medical records. The presence of oral changes was assessed using chi-square tests, and the predicted risk of death was analyzed using binary logistic regression.
RESULTS
COVID-19 positive patients had a significantly higher prevalence of oral changes compared to COVID-19 negative patients. The presence of any oral changes in COVID-19 positive patients indicated a 13-fold higher risk of mortality. "Bleeding ulcers," "pressure ulcers," and "angular cheilitis" were significantly associated with hospitalization for COVID-19.
CONCLUSION
There may be an association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and the development of oral changes, including bleeding ulcers, pressure ulcers. and angular cheilitis. These oral changes may serve as potential indicator for disease progression an increased risk of death.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
COVID-19 hospitalized patients have a higher prevalence of oral changes, which indicate an increased risk of mortality. Oral medicine staff should be included in multidisciplinary teams to detect and treat these oral changes promptly.
Topics: Cheilitis; COVID-19; Hospitalization; Oral Manifestations; Oral Ulcer; Inpatients; Prevalence; Disease Progression; Case-Control Studies; Brazil; Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 37191716
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05070-7 -
Acta Clinica Croatica Aug 2022Numerous oral changes develop as a result of dysfunctional eating behavior in patients with eating disorders (ED). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation...
Numerous oral changes develop as a result of dysfunctional eating behavior in patients with eating disorders (ED). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation among oral manifestations, age, disease duration and nutritional status in pediatric patients with ED. The study included 50 female ED patients, median age 14 (range 10-18) years and median disease duration 9 (range 1-42) months. Nutritional status was expressed as z-score for body mass index (BMI). Mean BMI z-score was -2.10±1.64. The most commonly observed oral findings were dental plaque, marginal gingivitis, morsicatio, dental calculus, caries, pharyngeal erythema, exfoliative cheilitis and angular cheilitis. Dental plaque and pharyngeal erythema were correlated with shorter disease duration (p=0.048; p=0.040), while frictional keratosis of tongue was correlated with longer disease duration (0.011). Linea alba and pain in the temporomandibular joint were associated with younger age (p=0.012; p=0.024), and tooth impression on tongue with lower degree of nutrition (p=0.030). This study showed that there was a link among oral manifestations, age, disease duration and degree of nutritional disorder, although further investigations comparing the groups of ED patients with different age, disease duration and nutritional status would give better, concrete and precise conclusions.
Topics: Humans; Child; Female; Infant; Cheilitis; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Erythema; Dental Caries
PubMed: 36818917
DOI: 10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.03 -
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2021Oral candidosis is the most common fungal infection that frequently occurs in patients debilitated by other diseases or conditions. No candidosis happens without a... (Review)
Review
Oral candidosis is the most common fungal infection that frequently occurs in patients debilitated by other diseases or conditions. No candidosis happens without a cause; hence oral candidosis has been branded as a disease of the diseased. Prior research has identified oral candidosis as a mark of systemic diseases, such as hematinic deficiency, diabetes mellitus, leukopenia, HIV/AIDS, malignancies, and carbohydrate-rich diet, drugs, or immunosuppressive conditions. An array of interaction between and the host is dynamic and complex. exhibits multifaceted strategies for growth, proliferation, evasion of host defenses, and survival within the host to induce fungal infection. Oral candidosis presents a variety of clinical forms, including pseudomembranous candidosis, erythematous candidosis, angular cheilitis, median rhomboid glossitis, cheilocandidosis, juxtavermillion candidosis, mucocutaneous candidosis, hyperplastic candidosis, oropharyngeal candidosis, and rare suppurative candidosis. The prognosis is usually favorable, but treatment failure or recurrence is common due to either incorrect diagnosis, missing other pathology, inability to address underlying risk factors, or inaccurate prescription of antifungal agents. In immunocompromised patients, oropharyngeal candidosis can spread to the bloodstream or upper gastrointestinal tract, leading to potentially lethal systemic candidosis. This review therefore describes oral candidosis with regard to its pathophysiology and best practice for diagnosis, practical classification, and successful management.
PubMed: 34356934
DOI: 10.3390/jof7070555 -
Oral Diseases Apr 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Cheilitis; Humans
PubMed: 33043573
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13675 -
Stomatologiia 2021The aim of the study is to clarify the stages of examination of patients with various clinical manifestations of nosological forms of candidiasis and to evaluate the...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study is to clarify the stages of examination of patients with various clinical manifestations of nosological forms of candidiasis and to evaluate the effectiveness of the ongoing antifungal therapy in the complex treatment of oral candidiasis, considering all factors and background diseases.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
56 patients were examined and treated, of which 41 were women and 15 were men with a clinical course of candidiasis (acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, chronic hyperplastic candidiasis, angular candidiasis cheilitis). The patients' age is from 33 to 78 years. All patients underwent a bacterioscopic examination of plaque. All patients diagnosed with oral candidiasis were prescribed complex treatment, which included both general and local therapy. The diagnosis and treatment of the patient's main diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypoparathyroidism, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, blood diseases, etc.) were mandatory.
RESULTS
All patients taking antifungal therapy reported a significant improvement in the clinical condition of the oral mucosa. Burning sensation, pain, sensation of enlargement of the tongue, dryness in the oral cavity disappeared in the patients. After 2 weeks of drug therapy with fungicidal preparations, the patients were prescribed a second bacterioscopic examination. The results of laboratory studies showed the presence of single, non-budding Candida cells in the field of view and a minimal, diagnostically significant, degree of contamination, which corresponded to the candidacy.
CONCLUSIONS
The study showed that antifungal therapy for oral mucosa candidiasis should always be pathogenetically justified and should be carried out considering the patient's underlying disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Candida; Candidiasis, Oral; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35081700
DOI: 10.17116/stomat202110006243 -
Cureus Mar 2024Introduction Most fungal infections are responsive to antifungal therapy. However, failure to diagnose the same can significantly affect the quality of lives of...
Introduction Most fungal infections are responsive to antifungal therapy. However, failure to diagnose the same can significantly affect the quality of lives of patients. Timely identification of fungal infections and their association with varied demographic and clinical parameters will help in improving the prognosis of the patient. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of fungal infections among various age groups and genders and also to evaluate the association of fungal infections with demographic parameters. Methods This study included a sample size of n = 600. The demographic and clinical details were compiled and transferred to IBM SPSS Version 23 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) for statistical analysis. Descriptive and Pearson chi-square tests were used to analyze the association of the type of fungal infection with gender, age, and comorbidities. A p-value of less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results Angular cheilitis (40%, 240), followed by denture stomatitis (37.5%, 225), were the most common type of fungal infection among the sample population, and the elderly age group (51-72 years) was the most affected. Angular cheilitis was the most common infection among both males (21.4%, 128) and females (18.6%, 112), but candidiasis was reported more in females (18%, 108) than males (3%, 18) (p = 0.00). Angular cheilitis (32%, 192) and candidiasis (18%, 108) were more observed in association with anemia; however, denture stomatitis (34%, 204) was significantly higher among diabetics (p = 0.00). Conclusion The identification of associated systemic and demographic factors is as important as the treatment of fungal infection itself. The recognition of fungal infections and the role of parameters like age, gender, and systemic comorbidities in the development of fungal infections will have valuable implications for public health. Future research is required for a clear understanding of the same.
PubMed: 38562320
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55386