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Macromolecular Bioscience Oct 2021Chronic wound infections have caused an increasing number of deaths and economic burden, which necessitates wound treatment options. Hitherto, the development of... (Review)
Review
Chronic wound infections have caused an increasing number of deaths and economic burden, which necessitates wound treatment options. Hitherto, the development of functional wound dressings has achieved reasonable progress. Antibacterial agents, growth factors, and miRNAs are incorporated in different wound dressings to treat various types of wounds. As an effective antimicrobial agent and emerging wound healing therapeutic, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted significant attention. The present study focuses on the application of AMPs in wound healing and discusses the types, properties and formulation strategies of AMPs used for wound healing. In addition, the clinical trial and the current status of studies on "antimicrobial peptides and wound healing" are elaborated through bibliometrics. Also, the challenges and opportunities for further development and utilization of AMP formulations in wound healing are discussed.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Peptides; Bandages; Humans; Wound Healing; Wound Infection
PubMed: 34405955
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100103 -
International Journal of Biological... Jan 2024Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an increasingly common competitive and biofilm organism in healthcare infection with sophisticated, interlinked and hierarchic quorum systems... (Review)
Review
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an increasingly common competitive and biofilm organism in healthcare infection with sophisticated, interlinked and hierarchic quorum systems (Las, Rhl, PQS, and IQS), creates the greatest threats to the medical industry and has rendered prevailing chemotherapy medications ineffective. The rise of multidrug resistance has evolved into a concerning and potentially fatal occurrence for human life. P. aeruginosa biofilm development is assisted by exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, proteins, macromolecules, cellular signaling and interaction. Quorum sensing is a communication process between cells that involves autonomous inducers and regulators. Quorum-induced infectious agent biofilms and the synthesis of virulence factors have increased disease transmission, medication resistance, infection episodes, hospitalizations and mortality. Hence, quorum sensing may be a potential therapeutical target for bacterial illness, and developing quorum inhibitors as an anti-virulent tool could be a promising treatment strategy for existing antibiotics. Quorum quenching is a prevalent technique for treating infections caused by microbes because it diminishes microbial pathogenesis and increases microbe biofilm sensitivity to antibiotics, making it a potential candidate for drug development. This paper examines P. aeruginosa quorum sensing, the hierarchy of quorum sensing mechanism, quorum sensing inhibition and quorum sensing inhibitory agents as a drug development strategy to supplement traditional antibiotic strategies.
Topics: Humans; Quorum Sensing; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Biofilms; Signal Transduction; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins
PubMed: 37939761
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127861 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer Jun 2022Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world. Although genes are considered the most importantcauses that contribute to CRC, the...
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world. Although genes are considered the most importantcauses that contribute to CRC, the intestinal microorganisms are an important player. Recently, various studies ensured the role of microbial infection and the ensuing inflammation in colon cancer initiation and progression. This present study tries to introduce a cheap nano-peroxidase (an antioxidant enzyme) produced from natural sources as efficient and safe antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent against bacteria and inflammation related to colorectal cancer.
METHODS
Silica nanoparticles were prepared from rice straw. Peroxidase extracted from the dry onion scales was then immobilized on the prepared nanosilica (nano-peroxidase). The antibacterial activity of the prepared nano-peroxidase was tested against the four horsemen bacteria in CRC, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Salmonella enterica. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the prepared nano-peroxidase also tests through performing inhibition of albumin denaturation test.
RESULTS
The prepared nano-peroxidase showed high antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria in presence of very low concentration of H2O2. Immobilization increased the peroxidase stability and protected it from hydrolysis enzymes produced by the bacteria. The prepared nano-peroxidase interestingly showed significant higher anti-inflammatory activity than that of the standard (Aspirin).
CONCLUSION
Nano-peroxidase can be considered a promising safe anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent against bacteria and inflammation related to colorectal cancer.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bacteria; Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inflammation; Peroxidase
PubMed: 33742371
DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00626-w -
Antimicrobial activity of synthesized graphene oxide-selenium nanocomposites: A mechanistic insight.Environmental Science and Pollution... Feb 2023Nanoparticles have recently gained interest as an anti-bacterial agent due to their large surface area/volume ratio and potential to compromise the integrity of...
Nanoparticles have recently gained interest as an anti-bacterial agent due to their large surface area/volume ratio and potential to compromise the integrity of bacterial cell membranes. Due to its versatility and anti-bacterial activity, graphene-based materials have drawn significant interest in biomedical applications. One of the greatest threats to life in the modern technological era is the pervasiveness of infectious diseases since bacteria cells are constantly updating themselves to resist antibiotics. In this presented study, GO-Se nanocomposite has been synthesized using polymer solution via a simple dispersion method. The structural and physicochemical properties of nanocomposite were investigated in detail. Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains were employed to study the anti-bacterial activity of GO-Se nanocomposite. The results show that the synthesized nanocomposites have good efficacy as an anti-bacterial agent. UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, HRTEM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the as-prepared GO and GO-Se nanocomposite.
Topics: Graphite; Selenium; Nanocomposites; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 36227490
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23550-3 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023Phytochemicals are plant secondary metabolites that show health benefits for humans due to their bioactivity. There is a huge variety of phytochemicals that have already... (Review)
Review
Phytochemicals are plant secondary metabolites that show health benefits for humans due to their bioactivity. There is a huge variety of phytochemicals that have already been identified, and these compounds can act as antimicrobial and neuroprotection agents. Due to their anti-microbial activity and neuroprotection, several phytochemicals might have the potency to be used as natural therapeutic agents, especially for infection and neurodegenerative disease, which have become a global health concern nowadays. According to previous research, there are some connections between infection and neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease. Hence, this comprehensive review examines different kinds of phytochemicals from natural sources as potential therapeutic agents to reduce infection and improve neurodegenerative disease. An additional large-scale study is needed to establish the connection between infection and neurodegenerative disease and how phytochemicals could improve this condition.
Topics: Humans; Helicobacter pylori; Helicobacter Infections; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 37894629
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207150 -
Biochimie Oct 2020Cancer is the leading cause of deaths worldwide, though significant advances have occurred in its diagnosis and treatment. The development of resistance against... (Review)
Review
Cancer is the leading cause of deaths worldwide, though significant advances have occurred in its diagnosis and treatment. The development of resistance against chemotherapeutic agents, their side effects, and non-specific toxicity urge to screen for the novel anticancer agent. Hence, the development of novel anticancer agents with a new mechanism of action has become a major scientific challenge. Bacteria and bacterially produced bioactive compounds have recently emerged as a promising alternative for cancer therapeutics. Bacterial anticancer agents such as antibiotics, bacteriocins, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides, toxins, etc. These are adopted different mechanisms of actions such as apoptosis, necrosis, reduced angiogenesis, inhibition of translation and splicing, and obstructing essential signaling pathways to kill cancer cells. Also, live tumor-targeting bacteria provided a unique therapeutic alternative for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the anticancer properties and mechanism of actions of the anticancer agents of bacterial origin and antitumor bacteria along with their possible future applications in cancer therapeutics.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Toxins; Bacteriocins; Complementary Therapies; Humans; Neoplasms; Polyketides
PubMed: 32827604
DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.07.020 -
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B May 2021Bacterial infections have become a common global health problem, causing a wide range of properties and life loss. The development of a highly efficient, low-toxicity...
Bacterial infections have become a common global health problem, causing a wide range of properties and life loss. The development of a highly efficient, low-toxicity and targeted bacterial agent is urgently needed. As a conventional antibacterial agent, silver nanoparticles have been used for a long time, but they are still unable to achieve targeted bacterial killing. Herein, we have prepared surface positively (Ag(+) nanoparticles) and negatively (Ag(-) nanoparticles) charged silver nanoparticles by reduction of AgNO3 to construct Ag(-)/Ag(+) clusters. The zeta potential of the Ag(-)/Ag(+) nanoclusters could be controlled by changing the ratio of Ag(-) nanoparticles to Ag(+) nanoparticles. The surface negatively changed silver nanoparticles were prepared from the reaction of methyl maleic anhydride with the amino on the surface positively changed silver nanoparticles. In the acidic environment, Ag(-) nanoparticles undergo charge reversal, and Ag(-)/Ag(+) clusters with negatively charged nanoparticles and big-size are transformed into positively charged nanoparticles with small size. The in vitro experimental results demonstrate that the positively charged nanoparticles can be well adsorbed on the negatively charged bacteria, exhibiting a high bactericidal ability. Furthermore, the in vivo skin wound healing experiment showed that the Ag(-)/Ag(+) clusters could serve as an efficient antibacterial agent to combat bacterial infection.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Disease Models, Animal; Escherichia coli; Hemolysis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Metal Nanoparticles; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Silver; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound Healing
PubMed: 33908582
DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00378j -
Biosynthesis, characterization and biomedical potential of Arthrospira indica SOSA-4 mediated SeNPs.Bioorganic Chemistry Dec 2022The use of aqueous cyanobacterial extracts for selenium nanoparticle (SeNP) synthesis is considered green, cost-effective, and eco-friendly technology that is more...
The use of aqueous cyanobacterial extracts for selenium nanoparticle (SeNP) synthesis is considered green, cost-effective, and eco-friendly technology that is more advanced than physical and chemical methods. In the current study, an aqueous extract of Arthrospira indica SOSA-4 was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the green synthesis of SeNPs. The UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to characterize the biosynthesized SeNPs. Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was also performed to know the composition of the cyanobacterial extract. SEM, TEM, and AFM showed the average size of SeNPs to be 8.5 nm, 9 nm, and 8.7 nm respectively. FT-IR analysis demonstrated the presence of functional groups on the SeNPs that acted as stabilizing agents. XRD pattern and Raman spectroscopy showed the amorphous nature of SeNPs. Synthesized SeNPs showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP, SOR, and ABTS assay. SeNPs showed good anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis and good anti-cancer activity in MTT assay, Trypan assay, and Flow cytometry analysis against MCF-7, SiHa, and SW480 cell lines. Non-toxicity of SeNPs against normal cell line (HEK-293) was an additional property that affirmed its potential as a bio-compatible nanomaterial.
Topics: Humans; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; HEK293 Cells; Selenium; Cyanobacteria; Plant Extracts; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36341741
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106218 -
BMC Microbiology Mar 2023The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the causal agent of a wide variety of infections. This non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus can colonize... (Review)
Review
The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the causal agent of a wide variety of infections. This non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus can colonize zones where the skin barrier is weakened, such as wounds or burns. It also causes infections of the urinary tract, respiratory system or bloodstream. P. aeruginosa infections are common in hospitalized patients for which multidrug-resistant, respectively extensively drug-resistant isolates can be a strong contributor to a high rate of in-hospital mortality. Moreover, chronic respiratory system infections of cystic fibrosis patients are especially concerning, since very tedious to treat. P. aeruginosa exploits diverse cell-associated and secreted virulence factors, which play essential roles in its pathogenesis. Those factors encompass carbohydrate-binding proteins, quorum sensing that monitor the production of extracellular products, genes conferring extensive drug resistance, and a secretion system to deliver effectors to kill competitors or subvert host essential functions. In this article, we highlight recent advances in the understanding of P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and virulence as well as efforts for the identification of new drug targets and the development of new therapeutic strategies against P. aeruginosa infections. These recent advances provide innovative and promising strategies to circumvent infection caused by this important human pathogen.
Topics: Humans; Pseudomonas Infections; Virulence Factors; Virulence; Quorum Sensing; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36991325
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02832-x -
Scientific Reports May 2022Wound healing is a complex process and rapid healing necessitates a proper micro-environment. Therefore, design and fabrication of an efficacious wound dressing is an...
Wound healing is a complex process and rapid healing necessitates a proper micro-environment. Therefore, design and fabrication of an efficacious wound dressing is an impressive innovation in the field of wound healing. The fabricated wound dressing in this scenario was designed using a combination of the appropriate coagulating and anti-bacterial materials like fibrinogen (as coagulating agent), nisin (as anti-bacterial agent), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (as anti-bacterial agent), and alginate (as wound healing agent). Biophysical characterization showed that the interaction of fibrinogen and alginate was associated with minor changes in the secondary structure of the protein. Conformational studies showed that the protein was structurally stable at 42 °C, is the maximum temperature of the infected wound. The properties of the hydrogel such as swelling, mechanical resistance, nisin release, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, gel porosity, and blood coagulation were assessed. The results showed a slow release for the nisin during 48 h. Antibacterial studies showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The hydrogel was also capable to absorb a considerable amount of water and provide oxygenation as well as incorporation of the drug into its structure due to its sufficient porosity. Scanning electron microscopy showed pore sizes of about 14-198 µm in the hydrogel. Cell viability studies indicated high biocompatibility of the hydrogel. Blood coagulation test also confirmed the effectiveness of the synthesized hydrogel in accelerating the process of blood clot formation. In vivo studies showed higher rates of wound healing, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition. According to the findings from in vitro as well as in vivo studies, the designed hydrogel can be considered as a novel attractive wound dressing after further prerequisite assessments.
Topics: Alginates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biocompatible Materials; Fibrinogen; Hydrogels; Nisin; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35508533
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11282-w