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Respiratory Medicine 2023Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) cause fibrosis of lung parenchyma, leading to impaired quality of life, dyspnea, and functional decline. Individuals with ILD... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) cause fibrosis of lung parenchyma, leading to impaired quality of life, dyspnea, and functional decline. Individuals with ILD experience a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. Recent research has demonstrated pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) alleviates symptoms of anxiety and depression in those with COPD.
RESEARCH QUESTION
What is the influence of PR on symptoms of anxiety and depression in individuals with ILD?
STUDY DESIGN
We conducted a PRISMA-2020-compliant systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating PR's effect on anxiety and depression in patients with ILD. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and PsycINFO from inception until April 3, 2023. A narrative synthesis was conducted where a quantitative approach was not feasible.
RESULTS
Five RCTs (n = 281) were included. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was the most common type of ILD (k = 3). One study reported clinically-significant improvements in symptoms of anxiety among patients with IPF, and two studies for symptoms of depression among patients with sarcoidosis. Dropout rates were similar between intervention and control groups. All studies were at a high risk of bias.
INTERPRETATION
Pulmonary rehabilitation is not detrimental to anxiety or depression for patients with ILD, and may improve symptoms of anxiety in IPF and depression in sarcoidosis. However, no conclusion can be drawn from available evidence, which is limited by heterogeneous populations/interventions, sample sizes and unexpectedly low prevalences of clinically-significant anxiety or depression. Further adequately powered RCTs that focus on anxiety and depressive symptoms as primary outcomes are needed.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Anxiety; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Sarcoidosis; Quality of Life
PubMed: 37863339
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107433 -
Pediatric Radiology Aug 2021Work-related stress and burnout were documented to be high among pediatric radiologists prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. New challenges arose...
BACKGROUND
Work-related stress and burnout were documented to be high among pediatric radiologists prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. New challenges arose from the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially introducing new stressors and anxieties.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate potential sources of stress and anxiety for pediatric radiology faculty during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a survey of attending physician members of the Society for Pediatric Radiology in North America from April 27, 2020, to May 22, 2020. The response rate was 21% (251/1,206). Survey questions included demographic information and questions regarding working remotely, personal protective equipment, redeployment, personal wellness, wellness resources and financial concerns. A psychometrician reviewed the questions to ensure minimal risk of misinterpretation.
RESULTS
Median age of respondents was 48 years (range 33-70 years) with median number of years in practice of 14 (range 1-45 years). Fifty-three percent of respondents were women and 46% were men. Because of an increase in remote work, 69% of respondents endorsed feeling more isolated from a lack of regular interaction with colleagues. Fifty-three percent of respondents indicated that it is challenging to work remotely while overseeing home schooling for children. In comparison to men, women reported overall higher work-related stress and anxiety (P=0.02), higher feelings of guilt from radiology staff (i.e. technologists and nurses) being more exposed to COVID-19 (P=0.02) and higher levels of stress providing for dependents (P=0.04). Most respondents thought that departmental leadership was effective and respondents were not concerned about meeting financial obligations or job loss.
CONCLUSION
The early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic caused additional stress and anxiety for pediatric radiology faculty and disproportionally affected women. Given the continuously evolving state of the COVID-19 pandemic, these results could aid in planning and implementation of future strategies to combat burnout in radiology. Specific attention should be directed to different stressors experienced by female versus male radiologists, especially in regard to dependent care.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Burnout, Professional; COVID-19; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Health; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Pediatrics; Physicians; Radiologists; Radiology; SARS-CoV-2; Societies, Medical; Stress, Psychological; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33988753
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-021-05088-7 -
Expert Review of Gastroenterology &... 2023Colonoscopy can cause psychological distress in patients, consequently discouraging patients from undergoing an unpleasant procedure or reducing compliance with... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Colonoscopy can cause psychological distress in patients, consequently discouraging patients from undergoing an unpleasant procedure or reducing compliance with follow-up examinations. This rapid review aimed to assess the feasibility and efficacy of Virtual Reality (VR) interventions during colonoscopy on patients' perceived psychological distress and procedure satisfaction.
AREAS COVERED
We searched PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest/All Databases, and Cochrane Library databases on 1 December 2022, with a date limiter of 2002-2022 for articles that investigated the effect and feasibility of any type of immersive VR-based intervention on patients' pain, anxiety, discomfort, and procedure satisfaction immediately before, during, and/or post-procedure of colonoscopy.
EXPERT OPINION
Initially, 118 articles were identified, of which seven were eligible and included in this rapid review. Our findings demonstrate that VR interventions during colonoscopy were feasible, significantly reduced participant pain and anxiety, and significantly increased participant satisfaction with the procedure. VR interventions appear to be an effective alternative for patients who prefer to avoid analgetic medications or as an adjunct to routine sedation during colonoscopy. Directions of research design should focus on an optimized blinding process, using the high-end technology of 3-dimensional devices, considering an audiovisual distracting intervention, and designing multicenter and high-quality Randomized Controlled Trials.
Topics: Humans; Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy; Pain; Colonoscopy; Anxiety; Patient Compliance; Multicenter Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37929329
DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2279177 -
Clinical and Experimental Allergy :... Dec 2019It has long been recognised that given the high prevalence and considerable impact of allergic disease globally, there needs to be a focus on appropriate training for... (Review)
Review
It has long been recognised that given the high prevalence and considerable impact of allergic disease globally, there needs to be a focus on appropriate training for clinical professionals. The health-economic consequences of allergic disease are significant, with both direct healthcare costs (doctor, nurse and dietitian consultations, hospital admissions and prescribed medications) and indirect costs (lost school and work time, reduced productivity and over-the-counter medications). There is also a well-recognised impairment of quality of life, with less tangible costs including anxiety, distress, discomfort, disability and, occasionally, death. To help to mitigate these effects, there is a need to upskill the professional workforce at all levels, and also to equip those trained with the skills to become future healthare professional trainers. Upskilling the workforce from the grass-roots of undergraduate study in Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Professionals (AHP) through the entirety of training to senior consultant levels could have a major beneficial impact on the patient and their families, lead to a reduction in emergency use of clinical service, and help increase economic productivity.
Topics: Anxiety; Education, Medical; Health Personnel; Hypersensitivity; Quality of Life
PubMed: 31518446
DOI: 10.1111/cea.13497 -
Aging & Mental Health Apr 2023Theory of mind (ToM), the ability to reason about mental states, declines in later life. While anxiety symptoms may predict ToM abilities, the nature of associations...
OBJECTIVES
Theory of mind (ToM), the ability to reason about mental states, declines in later life. While anxiety symptoms may predict ToM abilities, the nature of associations requires more elucidation. Further, it is unknown whether age group moderates associational patterns. We examined associations between anxiety symptoms (linear and curvilinear) and cognitive ToM (C-ToM) and affective ToM (A-ToM); and moderation by age group (older vs. younger adults).
METHODS
In a sample of healthy younger ( = 90, M = 20.17 years) and older adults ( = 87, M = 71.52), we used hierarchical regressions with polynomial and interaction terms to assess the association between anxiety symptoms and ToM in younger and older adults.
RESULTS
Anxiety symptoms were associated with C-ToM but not A-ToM. Age group interacted linearly with anxiety (β = -1.64, = .02), and with anxiety's quadratic polynomial (β = .84, = .04). The inverted-U shaped association in younger adults (highest C-ToM at moderate anxiety) contrasted with older adults' linear decline in C-ToM with increasing anxiety.
CONCLUSION
We highlight the importance of anxiety symptoms for predicting ToM, and clarify that associations vary by age. Elucidating associations may be critical to developing interventions that improve social wellbeing.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Aging; Theory of Mind; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 35475407
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2060183 -
Journal of Religion and Health Oct 2019Several research studies from the USA and Western industrialized countries have reported a negative association between religiosity and anxiety. However, Arabic studies... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Several research studies from the USA and Western industrialized countries have reported a negative association between religiosity and anxiety. However, Arabic studies using mainly Muslim samples are limited. The objective of the present study was to apply meta-analysis statistical techniques to 10 Arabic studies of this association. All of the respondents were Arab citizens, ranging in age between 14 and 43 years, and the vast majority of them were Muslims. Religiosity and anxiety were assessed with seven different scales. In all of the studies, the administration of the scales was in small group sessions and in the Arabic language. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the religiosity and anxiety scale scores. All the correlations were negative. All but one were statistically significant, ranging from - 0.16 to - 0.43. The mean effect size was - 0.22, and the impact of age and gender on the correlation was not significant. This result suggests that religiosity may affect anxiety by providing buffering and coping mechanisms.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arabs; Humans; Islam; Religion and Psychology; Spirituality; Stress, Psychological; Young Adult
PubMed: 31309442
DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00881-z -
The Roles of Anxiety and Self-Esteem in the Risk of Eating Disorders and Compulsive Buying Behavior.International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022In contemporary society, following the sudden changes that occur, different forms of addiction are becoming popular. Of note are the new addictions and concepts of...
In contemporary society, following the sudden changes that occur, different forms of addiction are becoming popular. Of note are the new addictions and concepts of poly-dependencies that involve common behaviors and trap people who suffering from them in a vicious circle. The main goal of this study is to investigate the possible mediating role that self-esteem had between trait anxiety and two specific new addictions: compulsive buying behavior and eating disorders. Furthermore, it was verified through a multigroup analysis that trait anxiety had a greater effect on eating disorders in a group of compulsive consumers. Three-hundred and fifty-two participants (67.9% women) were enrolled to participate in this study. The results showed that there was a direct effect of trait anxiety on eating disorders and on compulsive buying behavior; self-esteem mediated the effect of trait anxiety on eating disorders and compulsive buying behavior with specific differences; multi-group analysis showed differences in anxiety's effect on eating disorders between compulsive and non-compulsive consumers; the group of compulsive consumers revealed a significant and stronger effect of trait anxiety on eating disorders in all domains identified. Further research is recommended to better understand the predictors of these disorders and to contribute to a more effective preventive intervention.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Compulsive Behavior; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Consumer Behavior
PubMed: 36498319
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316245 -
Holistic Nursing PracticeThrough a difficult encounter with a new patient, the author became immersed in the messiness of patient care and learned that goals need to be defined and hard fought....
Through a difficult encounter with a new patient, the author became immersed in the messiness of patient care and learned that goals need to be defined and hard fought. The lesson learned serves as a reminder that compassion for our patients is necessary to help understand their fears and anxieties.
Topics: Anxiety; Empathy; Fear; Humans; Shame
PubMed: 34783696
DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000488 -
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Nov 2023The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of observational studies evaluating anxiety and depression in patients with uveitis. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW
The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of observational studies evaluating anxiety and depression in patients with uveitis.
RECENT FINDINGS
A higher prevalence of depression was reported in patients with uveitis compared to healthy controls in most observational studies. Symptoms of anxiety were often, but not always, significantly worse in patients with uveitis compared to controls. Most studies found that patients with uveitis had reduced vision-related quality of life that was associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.
SUMMARY
Patients with uveitis have a higher risk of experiencing symptoms of depression and could benefit from screening and treatment. Preliminary screening for vision-related quality of life could also help determine if the patient requires assistance in mental health or other aspects of daily living.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Quality of Life; Anxiety; Uveitis; Vision, Low
PubMed: 37729665
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000999 -
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning Dec 2020Test anxiety is well studied in higher education, but studies primarily concern traditional assessments, such as written examinations. As use of objective structured... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Test anxiety is well studied in higher education, but studies primarily concern traditional assessments, such as written examinations. As use of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in pharmacy education increases, a closer examination of non-cognitive factors such as test anxiety is warranted. The purpose of this review was to determine the association between OSCE-associated test anxiety with OSCE performance in health professional students.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted to identify peer-reviewed literature concerning test anxiety in health professional students associated with OSCE. Investigators searched for a combination of OSCE-related terms with anxiety-related terms using PubMed. Articles were included if they assessed OSCE-related anxiety by quantitative or qualitative methods. Data extracted from eligible articles included demographic data, type of the anxiety survey, associations between OSCE-related anxiety and performance, and other student-factors associated with OSCE-related anxiety.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 339 articles. Nine articles met eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Results included students from medical, pharmacy, dental, and nursing professional programs. Anxiety was assessed via multiple scales. Six out of the eight studies assessing the relationship OSCE-related anxiety and OSCE performance found no association between the two measures. Contrary to literature concerning test anxiety in higher education, female gender was not associated with OSCE-related anxiety.
CONCLUSION
OSCE-related anxiety appears to have minimal to no influence on student performance. Future studies should utilize standardized anxiety assessments and should seek to understand anxiety's effects on student wellbeing and burnout.
Topics: Anxiety; Clinical Competence; Educational Measurement; Female; Humans; Physical Examination; Students
PubMed: 33092780
DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2020.07.007