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Psicothema Nov 2023Discrepancies between therapists' and patients’ measures regarding therapeutic results indicate the need to analyze which symptoms and processes are being taken into...
BACKGROUND
Discrepancies between therapists' and patients’ measures regarding therapeutic results indicate the need to analyze which symptoms and processes are being taken into consideration when reporting clinical change. This study analyzes the concordance between patient and therapist, at pre- and post-treatment, when reporting about anxiety, depression, Experiential Avoidance (EA), Cognitive Fusion (CF) and Activation (A).
METHOD
Convergence was examined between information obtained by means of standardized measures and visual analogical scales (VAS) in 94 patients with anxiety and/or depression who participated in a controlled clinical study (TRANSACTIVA study).
RESULTS
Statistically significant correlation ( p < .05) was found between all the measures of anxiety and depression, regardless of the source, timepoint, and measures procedure at 95% confidence. In the VAS, patient and therapist agreed ( p < .05) in their evaluation of specific symptoms. For EA, CF and A, the therapists’ measures demonstrated stronger correlations than those of the patients, although, in each condition, all the patients’ measures correlated with each other ( p < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Suitable agreement was found between therapist and patient when reporting clinical change. One-item VAS appeared to b suitable for identifying anxiety, depression and the transdiagnostic patterns of EA, CF and A.
Topics: Humans; Psychotherapy; Anxiety Disorders; Anxiety; Pain Measurement
PubMed: 37882422
DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2022.416 -
Journal of the American Heart... Jun 2020
Topics: Anxiety; Hospitals; Humans; Length of Stay; Patient Readmission; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
PubMed: 32468898
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016832 -
Acta Neurologica Belgica Jun 2024Various manifestations ranging from physical symptoms to cognitive and emotional impairments could often be seen following head concussions that lead to mild traumatic... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Various manifestations ranging from physical symptoms to cognitive and emotional impairments could often be seen following head concussions that lead to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). These symptoms are commonly comprising the post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and their resolution could be influenced by multiple factors. Personality traits have been suggested as potential risk factors for the emergence and persistence of PCS. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible predisposition to PCS given by certain personality traits.
METHODS
Prospective cohort studies, observational studies, and cross-phenotype polygenic risk score analyses were selected from the main scientific databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science) based on multiple-step screening, using keywords (such as "personality traits", "post-concussion syndrome", "traumatic brain injury", "anxiety", "depression", "resilience", and "somatization") and inclusion/exclusion criteria (English written studies available in full text presenting relevant data on TBI patients and their personality traits; reviews, animal studies, and studies not written in English, not available in full text, or not presenting full demographical and clinical data were excluded). The investigated personality traits included emotional reserve, somatic trait anxiety, embitterment, mistrust, parental anxiety, state anxiety, trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, helplessness, sports-concussion symptom load, and cognitive resilience.
RESULTS
The reviewed data from 16 selected studies suggested that personality traits play an essential role in the development and persistence of PCS. Emotional reserve, cognitive resilience, and lower levels of somatic trait anxiety were associated with better outcomes in PCS. However, higher levels of anxiety sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, helplessness, and sports-concussion symptom load were associated with worse outcomes in PCS. Parental anxiety was not associated with persistent symptoms in children following concussion. Despite the statistical analysis regarding the included publications bias was low, further studies should further investigate the correlation between TBI and some personality traits, as some of the selected studies did not included healthy individuals and their psychological profiles for comparison and correlation analysis.
CONCLUSION
Personality traits may help predict the development and persistence of PCS following mTBI. Understanding the personality traits roles in PCS could assist the development of targeted interventions for the prevention and treatment of PCS. Further research is needed to better understand the complex interactions between personality traits, neurobiological factors, and psychosocial factors in PCS.
Topics: Humans; Personality; Post-Concussion Syndrome; Anxiety
PubMed: 38194159
DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02466-w -
Evaluating anxiety in elective coronary angiography study: rationale, design, and study methodology.Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine... Oct 2022Prevalence of anxiety disorder in coronary artery disease reaches up to 15% and about half of patients with coronary artery disease have anxiety or depression...
AIMS
Prevalence of anxiety disorder in coronary artery disease reaches up to 15% and about half of patients with coronary artery disease have anxiety or depression comorbidity. Prevalence of anxiety in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention ranges 24-72%. Depression can often overlap with anxiety symptoms and the evaluation of anxiety in elective coronary angiography study (ANGST) aims to determine the prevalence of anxiety by excluding patients with comorbid depressive symptoms. ANGST also aims to determine how anxiety correlates with psychological parameters (personality traits, coping strategies) and with outcome of elective coronary angiography (ECA).
METHODS
We will conduct a prospective single-center cross-section study in patients undergoing ECA. Anxiety will be evaluated at four time points using self-rating questionnaires: 14 days prior to ECA; 2-4 h before ECA; 24 h after ECA, but prior to discharge; and 4-6 weeks after discharge. The primary outcome of ANGST is the burden of anxiety experienced by patients without depressive symptoms and a correlation of anxiety with ECA outcome.
CONCLUSION
Our study aims to provide evidence on which personality traits and coping strategies affect the levels of anxiety. We will also determine psychometric properties of the two questionnaires used in our study. The results will have implications for improvement of interventions designed to recognize anxiety and will offer future research of psychological and/or pharmacological interventions to reduce the burden of anxiety.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Disease; Humans; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 36099075
DOI: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000001355 -
Revue Medicale de Liege May 2023Functional disorders are symptoms that arise in the absence of an underlying organic cause. They represent a challenge for the clinician and a source of anxiety and...
Functional disorders are symptoms that arise in the absence of an underlying organic cause. They represent a challenge for the clinician and a source of anxiety and discomfort for the patient that can significantly alter the quality of life. The goal of treatment is first to exclude potential organic causes. Then, a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures is usually proposed with variable therapeutic results.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Dermatology; Anxiety
PubMed: 37350220
DOI: No ID Found -
CBE Life Sciences Education Jun 2022The ability to program in R, an open-source statistical program, is increasingly valued across job markets, including ecology. The benefits of teaching R to...
The ability to program in R, an open-source statistical program, is increasingly valued across job markets, including ecology. The benefits of teaching R to undergraduates are abundant, but learning to code in R may induce anxiety for students, potentially leading to negative learning outcomes and disengagement. Anecdotes suggest a gender differential in programming anxiety, with women experiencing greater anxiety. Currently, we do not know the extent to which programming anxiety exists in our undergraduate biology classrooms, whether it differs by gender, and what instructors can do to alleviate it. Instructor immediacy has been shown to mediate related anxieties such as quantitative and computer anxiety. Likewise, students' use of adaptive coping strategies may mitigate anxieties. We investigated students' R anxiety within a lower-division ecology course and explored its relationships with gender, instructor immediacy, classroom engagement, and reported coping strategies. Women reported significantly higher R anxiety than men, a gap that narrowed, yet persisted over the semester. In addition, several specific coping skills were associated with decreases in R anxiety and increases in self-concept and sense of control; these differed by gender identity. Our findings can guide future work to identify interventions that lessen programming anxiety in biology classes, especially for women.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Anxiety; Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Sex Factors; Students
PubMed: 35426729
DOI: 10.1187/cbe.21-05-0133 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Feb 2022Math anxiety is a common affective disorder in students that is characterized by intrusive thoughts that disrupt critical cognitive resources required for math...
Math anxiety is a common affective disorder in students that is characterized by intrusive thoughts that disrupt critical cognitive resources required for math problem-solving. Consistent associations between math anxiety and math achievement have been observed across countries and age groups, placing math anxiety among other important correlates of math achievement, such as socioeconomic status and magnitude representation ability. However, studies examining math anxiety's relation to achievement have largely focused on the effect of students' own math anxiety (individual effect), while little is known regarding the effect of math anxiety in students' educational context (contextual effect). Using three international studies of achievement ( = 1,175,515), we estimated both the individual and contextual effects of math anxiety across the globe. Results suggest that while there are consistent individual effects in virtually all countries examined, the contextual effects are varied, with only approximately half of the countries exhibiting a contextual effect. Additionally, we reveal that teacher confidence in teaching math is associated with a reduction of the individual effect, and country's level of uncertainty avoidance is related to a lessening of the contextual effect. Finally, we uncovered multiple predictors of math anxiety; notably, student perception of teacher competence was negative related with math anxiety, and parental homework involvement was positively related with math anxiety. Taken together, these results suggest that there are significant between-country differences in how math anxiety may be related with math achievement and suggest that education and cultural contexts as important considerations in understanding math anxiety's effects on achievement.
Topics: Achievement; Anxiety; Child; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Male; Mathematics
PubMed: 35131942
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115855119 -
BMC Geriatrics Jun 2023The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused an increase in the incidence of physical and psychological problems, particularly in the older adult....
BACKGROUND
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused an increase in the incidence of physical and psychological problems, particularly in the older adult. Considering the special physical and mental health conditions of the older adult, they were more exposed to psychological problems associated with the pandemic, such as death anxiety. Therefore, assessing the psychological status of this group is necessary in order to implement appropriate interventions. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between resilience and death anxiety in the older adult during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 283 older adult people over the age of 60 years. The older adult population was selected from 11 municipal districts of Shiraz, Iran, using the cluster sampling method. The resilience and death anxiety scales were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22, using Chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient test. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The mean and standard deviation of the older adult's resilience and death anxiety scores were 64.16 ± 9.59 and 6.3 ± 2.95, respectively. There was a significant correlation between resilience and death anxiety scores (P < 0.01, r=-0.290). Also, sex (P = 0.00) and employment status (P = 0.00) were significantly associated with the older adult's resilience. Besides, sex (P = 0.010) and employment status (P = 0.004) were significantly related to death anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings showcase levels of resilience and death anxiety in older adults during the covid-19 pandemic and suggest that resilience and death anxiety are inversely linked. This has implications on policy planning for future major health events.
Topics: Humans; Aged; COVID-19; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Anxiety; Resilience, Psychological; Depression
PubMed: 37322457
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04086-8 -
Age and Ageing Sep 2022older adults living in long-term care (LTC) commonly suffer from anxiety symptoms and disorders. We completed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
older adults living in long-term care (LTC) commonly suffer from anxiety symptoms and disorders. We completed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify efficacious treatments for anxiety symptoms for older adults living in LTC.
METHODS
we searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) to identify treatments for anxiety that have been trialled in LTC. Included studies had to be randomised trials, include residents of LTC, and measure anxiety symptoms as an outcome.
RESULTS
the electronic search returned 6,617 articles, 519 were reviewed in full text, and 80 were included in the descriptive synthesis. Limited studies were meta-analysed (n = 10) due to differences in described treatment and comparator conditions. Limited clinically relevant evidence supporting the use of pharmacologic treatments for symptoms of anxiety in LTC was identified. Of the treatments trialled, music compared with usual care (standardised mean difference, SMD: -0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.31, -0.34), music compared with social interaction (SMD: -0.41; 95% CI: -0.72, -0.10) and massage compared with usual care (SMD: -4.32; 95% CI: -7.44, -1.19) were found to improve anxiety symptoms, however, significant heterogeneity was detected in two comparisons.
CONCLUSIONS
a range of non-pharmacologic treatments that improved anxiety symptoms were identified for use in LTC. Although limited evidence exists to support the use of particular treatments, most non-pharmacologic treatments were low-risk interventions that may be readily implemented. Further research is required to assess the treatment effect on residents of LTC with anxiety disorders or clinically relevant symptoms at baseline.
Topics: Aged; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Humans; Long-Term Care; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36057989
DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac195 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2021To better understand the behavioral factors contributing to the mental health status among student athletes, we examined the link between recreational screen time and...
To better understand the behavioral factors contributing to the mental health status among student athletes, we examined the link between recreational screen time and college student athlete's anxieties. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 278 college student athletes from Shanghai, China, aged between 17 and 25 years old ( = 19.4, = 1.5). Multivariate regression analyses, controlled for age, gender, rural vs. urban residency, and individual vs. team sports factors, were performed to analyze the association between their average daily recreational screen time in a week and their dispositional anxiety, pre-competition anxiety, and anxiety during competition, which were measured by the Chinese version of validated psychometric scales among athlete population. Significant results were found in both dispositional anxiety and situational anxiety in relation to recreational screen time among college athletes. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that excessive recreational screen time is a risk indicator of college student athletes' dispositional anxiety, pre-competition anxiety, and anxiety during competition.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Athletes; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Screen Time; Students; Young Adult
PubMed: 34299928
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147470