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Evidence-based Mental Health Nov 2021Around 40% of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) additionally have anxiety disorder. The prevalence of anxiety in patients with newly diagnosed BD and their... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Around 40% of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) additionally have anxiety disorder. The prevalence of anxiety in patients with newly diagnosed BD and their first-degree relatives (UR) has not been investigated.ObjectiveTo investigate (1) the prevalence of a comorbid anxiety diagnosis in patients with newly diagnosed BD and their UR, (2) sociodemographic and clinical differences between patients with and without a comorbid anxiety diagnosis and (3) the association between smartphone-based patient-reported anxiety and observer-based ratings of anxiety and functioning, respectively.
METHODS
We recruited 372 patients with BD and 116 of their UR. Daily smartphone-based data were provided from 125 patients. SCAN was used to assess comorbid anxiety diagnoses.
FINDINGS
In patients with BD, the prevalence of a comorbid anxiety disorder was 11.3% (N=42) and 10.3% and 5.9% in partial and full remission, respectively. In UR, the prevalence was 6.9%. Patients with a comorbid anxiety disorder had longer illness duration (p=0.016) and higher number of affective episodes (p=0.011). Smartphone-based patient-reported anxiety symptoms were associated with ratings of anxiety and impaired functioning (p<0.001).
LIMITATIONS
The SCAN interviews to diagnose comorbid anxiety disorder were carried out regardless of the participants' mood state.Clinical implicationsThe lower prevalence of anxiety in newly diagnosed BD than in later stages of BD indicates that anxiety increases with progression of BD. Comorbid anxiety seems associated with poorer clinical outcomes and functioning and smartphones are clinically useful for monitoring anxiety symptoms.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT02888262).
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Comorbidity; Humans; Prevalence; Self Report; Smartphone
PubMed: 34083204
DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300259 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Jan 2021Studies have documented the significant direct and indirect psychological, social, and economic consequences of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in many countries...
OBJECTIVE
Studies have documented the significant direct and indirect psychological, social, and economic consequences of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in many countries but little is known on its impact in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) already facing difficult living conditions and having vulnerable health systems that create anxiety among the affected populations. Using a multinational convenience sample from four LMICs (DR Congo, Haiti, Rwanda, and Togo), this study aims to explore the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated risk and protective factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A total of 1267 individuals (40.8% of women) completed a questionnaire assessing exposure and stigmatization related to COVID-19, anxiety, and resilience. Analyses were performed to examine the prevalence and predictors of anxiety.
RESULTS
Findings showed a pooled prevalence of 24.3% (9.4%, 29.2%, 28.5%, and 16.5% respectively for Togo, Haiti, RDC, and Rwanda, x = 32.6, p < .0001). For the pooled data, exposure to COVID-19 (β = 0.06, p = .005), stigmatization related to COVID-19 (β = 0.03, p < .001), and resilience (β = -0.06, p < .001) contributed to the prediction of anxiety scores. Stigmatization related to COVID-19 was significantly associated to anxiety symptoms in all countries (β = 0.02, p < .00; β = 0.05, p = .013; β = 0.03, p = .021; β = 0.04, p < .001, respectively for the RDC, Rwanda, Haiti, and Togo).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings highlight the need for health education programs in LMICs to decrease stigmatization and the related fears and anxieties, and increase observance of health instructions. Strength-based mental health programs based on cultural and contextual factors need to be developed to reinforce both individual and community resilience and to address the complexities of local eco-systems.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; COVID-19; Congo; Developing Countries; Female; Haiti; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Protective Factors; Resilience, Psychological; Risk Factors; Rwanda; Social Stigma; Togo
PubMed: 33035760
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.031 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2023This study aims to examine the effect of telecounseling in reducing the anxiety and depression experienced by pregnant women. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to examine the effect of telecounseling in reducing the anxiety and depression experienced by pregnant women.
METHOD
This randomized control trial was conducted on 100 pregnant women (50 in each intervention and control group). The intervention group received telecounseling with regard to the mother and the fetus as needed between 08:00 h and 20:00 h for 6 weeks at home. The control group received only routine care. Anxiety and depression levels were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale.
RESULTS
Anxiety and depression levels were found to be lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.001). In the control group, the anxiety score increased from 5.62 to 7.16, and the depression score increased from 4.92 to 5.76 without any intervention (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study shows that telecounseling may have an effect on reducing the level of anxiety and depression of pregnant women.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Anxiety; Pregnant Women; Anxiety Disorders; Mothers
PubMed: 37194904
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20221213 -
World Journal of Surgery Dec 2022Preoperative anxiety is associated with increased use of anesthetics and poorer postoperative outcomes. However, the prevalence of preoperative anxiety has not been...
BACKGROUND
Preoperative anxiety is associated with increased use of anesthetics and poorer postoperative outcomes. However, the prevalence of preoperative anxiety has not been characterized in Chinese patients. In this study, we aimed to estimate the overall prevalence of preoperative anxiety in Chinese adult patients and to explore the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with preoperative anxiety in China.
METHODS
This study was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted at 32 tertiary referral centers in China from September 1 to October 31, 2020. Adult patients scheduled for elective surgery were evaluated by the 7-item Perioperative Anxiety Scale (PAS-7) for preoperative anxiety after entrance to the operating zone.
RESULTS
A total of 5191 patients were recruited, and 5018 of them were analyzed. The prevalence of preoperative anxiety measured by PAS-7 was 15.8% (95% CI 14.8 to 16.9%). Multivariable analyses showed female sex, younger age, non-retired, first in a lifetime surgery, surgery of higher risk, and poorer preoperative sleep were associated with higher prevalence of preoperative anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative anxiety was relatively common (prevalence of 15.8%) among adult Chinese patients undergoing elective surgeries. Further studies are needed using suitable assessment tools to better characterize preoperative anxiety, and additional focus should be placed on perioperative education and intervention, especially in primary hospitals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was registered prospectively at www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1900027639) on November 22, 2019.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anxiety; Elective Surgical Procedures; Prevalence; Postoperative Period
PubMed: 36070012
DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06720-9 -
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Sep 2022Despite findings from previous studies, there is still little consistent knowledge regarding the co-occurrence patterns of somatic, depressive and anxiety symptoms in...
Despite findings from previous studies, there is still little consistent knowledge regarding the co-occurrence patterns of somatic, depressive and anxiety symptoms in childhood and adolescence. Moreover, functional disability due to somatic symptoms at different concomitant levels of depression and anxiety is understudied. The present study examined the co-occurrence patterns of somatic symptoms and symptoms of depression and anxiety, in children and adolescents using two-step cluster analysis. Differences in functional disability due to somatic symptoms were tested with ANCOVA controlling for gender and age. The sample comprised 1127 Italian children and adolescents (48.7% males, n = 549) aged 8-16 years (M = 11.7, SD = 2.37). Data were collected using the Children Somatization Inventory-24, the Children Depression Inventory, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and the Functional Disability Inventory. A four-cluster solution based on the co-occurrence of internalizing symptoms best fit the data. The four clusters were labelled as follows: cluster 1: "High somatic symptoms and average depression/anxiety"; cluster 2: "High somatic symptoms and high depression/anxiety"; cluster 3: "Average somatic symptoms and above average depression/anxiety"; and cluster 4: "Low somatic symptoms and low depression/anxiety". Significant differences between the four groups according to gender and age were shown. Participants with high levels of somatic, depressive, and anxiety symptoms reported greater functional disability due to somatic symptoms than the other three groups. Our findings indicate that children and adolescents who demonstrate high symptoms of depression and anxiety also reported higher levels of disability in daily life due to somatic symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Child; Depression; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Medically Unexplained Symptoms
PubMed: 33909142
DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01789-4 -
Behaviour Research and Therapy Apr 2020
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Humans; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 32127171
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103590 -
Journal of Consulting and Clinical... Apr 2024Positive and negative affect play critical roles in depression and anxiety treatment, but the dynamic processes of how affect changes over treatment in relation to...
OBJECTIVE
Positive and negative affect play critical roles in depression and anxiety treatment, but the dynamic processes of how affect changes over treatment in relation to changes in symptoms is unclear. The study goal was to examine relationships among changes in positive and negative affect with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms.
METHOD
This secondary analysis used a combined sample ( = 196) of two trials (Craske et al., 2019, 2023) comparing positive affect treatment (PAT) to negative affect treatment. Longitudinal cross-lag panel models explored whether changes in positive and negative affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Watson et al., 1988) predicted subsequent changes in depression and anxiety symptoms (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), whether symptoms predicted subsequent changes in affect, and whether treatment condition moderated these relationships.
RESULTS
Increases in positive affect predicted subsequent decreases in depression and anxiety symptoms, regardless of treatment condition. Symptoms did not reciprocally predict changes in positive affect. For individuals in PAT, decreases in negative affect predicted subsequent decreases in symptoms. Moreover, decreases in symptoms predicted subsequent decreases in negative affect, regardless of treatment condition.
CONCLUSIONS
Results did not support a reciprocal relationship between positive affect and symptoms of depression and anxiety since positive affect predicted depression and anxiety symptoms but not vice versa. Results supported a reciprocal relationship between negative affect and symptoms of depression and anxiety since negative affect predicted depression and anxiety symptoms in PAT, and depression and anxiety symptoms predicted negative affect in both treatment conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Depression; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 38127575
DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000865 -
Journal of Clinical Child and... 2022: Accommodation, or the ways in which families modify their routines and expectations in response to a child's anxiety, is common and interferes with anxiety treatment... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
: Accommodation, or the ways in which families modify their routines and expectations in response to a child's anxiety, is common and interferes with anxiety treatment outcomes. However, little research has examined family accommodation among youth with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety. The current study aimed to (a) identify pre-treatment correlates of accommodation, (b) examine changes in accommodation after treatment, and (c) assess relationships between accommodation and post-treatment anxiety severity.: The sample consisted of 167 youth (= 9.90 years; 79.6% male; 18% Latinx) with clinically significant anxiety and a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder who were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial comparing two cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for anxiety and treatment-as-usual. Participants were evaluated for symptom severity and family accommodation at pre- and post-treatment.: Results indicated that clinician-rated anxiety severity and parent-rated externalizing behaviors and autism spectrum disorder severity significantly predicted pre-treatment accommodation. Accommodation significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment and non-responders showed significantly higher accommodation at post-treatment compared to responders. Finally, youth with higher pre-treatment accommodation had higher post-treatment anxiety.: Findings indicate that accommodation for anxiety is common among youth with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety. Furthermore, accommodation is implicated in treatment outcomes and should be targeted in treatment for youth with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32511015
DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1759075 -
European Neuropsychopharmacology : the... Dec 2021Given the high prevalence and considerable clinical and societal burden of anxiety disorders, preventive measures are urgently warranted to reduce their incidence and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Given the high prevalence and considerable clinical and societal burden of anxiety disorders, preventive measures are urgently warranted to reduce their incidence and overall healthcare impact. Anxiety sensitivity (AS) - a key element in learning theories of anxiety disorders in the context of interoceptive conditioning - constitutes a malleable risk factor of particularly panic disorder and separation anxiety, which share developmental, nosological, epidemiological and pathomechanistic characteristics. The computer-assisted 'Cognitive Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment' (CAST) targeting interoceptive anxiety symptoms (cf. Schmidt et al., 2014) was translated, intensified and culturally adapted to German and evaluated in a sample of 105 healthy adult volunteers with elevated AS (mean ASI-3: 29.5) applying a randomized design. Success of the intervention was measured as a function of AS and separation anxiety (ASA-27) ∼6 weeks (T1) and ∼6 months (T2) after the intervention. As compared to waitlist, CAST resulted in a significant reduction of AS at both T1 and T2. Separation anxiety was not directly reduced by the intervention, but decreased mediated by a decline in AS. A composite interoceptive score capturing changes in sensitivity to respiratory symptoms during the baseline therapist-accompanied CAST session was shown to be predictive of overall response at T1. In sum, CAST-German Version was successfully established as an effective intervention reducing AS, while at the same time indirectly decreasing separation anxiety. A composite interoceptive score predicting treatment response might aid in further delineating risk markers informing targeted preventive interventions for anxiety disorders.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Anxiety, Separation; Cognition; Humans; Interoception
PubMed: 34536714
DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.08.265 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Aug 2022This systematic review was performed to identify the association between benefit finding (BF) and anxiety, depression, and distress, as well as to find factors related... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
This systematic review was performed to identify the association between benefit finding (BF) and anxiety, depression, and distress, as well as to find factors related to BF in adult cancer patients.
METHODS
Five English databases and four Chinese databases were searched to identify eligible articles about BF in adult cancer patients from inception to 4 July 2021. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were carried out by two reviewers independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Qualitative synthesis was used to summarize the results.
RESULTS
Twenty-one studies involving 9601 cancer patients were included in this study. Qualitative analysis showed that BF was negatively related to anxiety, depression, and distress. Factors associated with BF included sociodemographic factors, disease-related factors, and psychological and environmental factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Healthcare providers should pay attention to the summarized factors of BF and construct intervention programs based on the controllable factors to improve BF in adult cancer patients, thus promoting the recovery of patients.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Health Personnel; Humans; Mental Health; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35391575
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07032-3