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The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Feb 2020Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide variety of purulent infections. We recently isolated a T. pyogenes strain unable to be identified by...
Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide variety of purulent infections. We recently isolated a T. pyogenes strain unable to be identified by the previously reported T. pyogenes pyolysin gene (plo)-specific PCR from the lung of a sheep with astasia. Sequence comparison of plo among representative strains revealed several nucleotide substitutions in the primer-annealing regions. As such substitutions were considered to be a reason for the low PCR specificity, we designed novel primers in conserved regions of plo. Under optimized conditions, the novel primers precisely identified all T. pyogenes strains tested, and no products were generated from any other bacterial strains, suggesting the usefulness of the novel PCR assay for the diagnosis of T. pyogenes infections.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Toxins; Hemolysin Proteins; Lung; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sheep; Sheep Diseases
PubMed: 31866633
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0522 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2024is a Gram-positive fastidious bacterium and is occasionally isolated from the reproductive tract of apparently healthy mares () or from mares with reproductive tract...
is a Gram-positive fastidious bacterium and is occasionally isolated from the reproductive tract of apparently healthy mares () or from mares with reproductive tract abnormalities. Apart from a few 16S rRNA gene-based GenBank sequences and one recent report on complete genome assembly, detailed genomic sequence and clinical experimental data are not available on the bacterium. Recently, we observed an unusual increase in the detection of the organism from samples associated with mare reproductive failures in Atlantic Canada. Two colony morphotypes (i.e., small, and large) were detected in culture media, which were identified as by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Here, we report the whole genome sequencing and characterization of the morphotype variants. The genome length of the large phenotypes was between 2.42 and 2.43, and the small phenotype was 1.99 Mbs. The orthologous nucleotide identity between the large colony phenotypes was ~99%, and the large and small colony phenotypes was between 77.86 and 78.52%, which may warrant the classification of the two morphotypes into different species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA genes or concatenated housekeeping genes grouped the small and large colony variants into two different genotypic clusters. The UvrA protein, which is part of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system, and 3-isopropoylmalate dehydratase small subunit protein expressed by the gene were identified as potential virulence factors in the large and small colony morphotypes, respectively. However, detailed functional studies will be required to determine the exact roles of these and other identified hypothetical proteins in the cellular metabolism and potential pathogenicity of in mares.
PubMed: 38891657
DOI: 10.3390/ani14111609 -
Infection Dec 2019We report a rare case of post-traumatic cutaneous diphtheria in a patient referred from a hospital in rural India. The diagnosis of cutaneous diphtheria was confirmed by...
We report a rare case of post-traumatic cutaneous diphtheria in a patient referred from a hospital in rural India. The diagnosis of cutaneous diphtheria was confirmed by the isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultured from the ulcer of the leg, along with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. The patient was kept on isolation and treated with erythromycin for 14 days without antitoxin. He was discharged when his subsequent cultures turned out to be negative. Chemoprophylaxis was also given to his family members. Such a case highlights the revisiting of vaccination strategies and the role of cutaneous carriers in transmission of this deadly disease.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Corynebacterium diphtheriae; Diphtheria; Erythromycin; Humans; India; Male; Skin Diseases; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30953325
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-019-01300-x -
American Journal of Translational... 2021To investigate the associations between Vaginal Pathogenic Community with Bacterial vaginosis, Candida vaginitis, and Trichomonas vaginalis in Chinese women.
BACKGROUND
To investigate the associations between Vaginal Pathogenic Community with Bacterial vaginosis, Candida vaginitis, and Trichomonas vaginalis in Chinese women.
METHOD
In this experiment, ten BV, nine VVC, eight TV patients, and four non-infected healthy women were recruited. The vaginal samples were collected from the vaginal orifice, the middle of the vagina, and vaginal fornix from every participant and conducted with next-generation sequencing (NGS). The NGS was based upon the analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes by using the Illumina Miseq system.
RESULTS
No significant difference in microbiome community structures was observed for the three sampling sites from the same subject. Compared with the healthy population, patients with BV and TV showed more diverse symptoms and had a lower amount of but a higher number of BV-related bacteria like , and . On the contrary, the species composition of the VVC group is relatively simple, which has a significantly high abundance of . Eight genera, including , and , were closely correlated with BV. Among vaginal pathogenic bacteria, and were more common, with higher copy numbers in the TV group.
CONCLUSIONS
The data outlined the overall structure of vaginal communities, indicating that BV and TV were touching related to a sharp increase in the rich taxonomy and diversity of vaginal microbiota. VVC group presented a lower variety, with a significantly high abundance of .
PubMed: 34306475
DOI: No ID Found -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jan 2024
PubMed: 37907045
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116123 -
IDCases 2024This article describes a case of polymicrobial pharyngitis and sinusitis complicated by intracranial complications and reviews similar cases in the literature.
OBJECTIVE
This article describes a case of polymicrobial pharyngitis and sinusitis complicated by intracranial complications and reviews similar cases in the literature.
CASE SUMMARY
A 21-year-old immunocompetent male presented with symptoms of sore throat, rhinorrhoea, lethargy, headache, and rash. Imaging demonstrated sinusitis, pre-septal sinusitis, peritonsillar abscess formation, subdural empyema and cerebritis. He was managed with endoscopic sinus surgery, craniotomy for evacuation of subdural empyema and antibiotics. Microbiological samples demonstrated growth of , , and . He subsequently developed a cerebral abscess requiring stereotactic needle drainage. After a prolonged course of antibiotics, the patient was discharge and made a good recovery.
DISCUSSION
is an uncommon cause of non-streptococcal pharyngitis that may occur alongside other microorganisms and is rarely associated with severe intracranial complications. This organism and its antibiotic susceptibility patterns should be considered in complicated upper respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent hosts. Penicillins and macrolide antibiotics form the mainstay of therapy for .
PubMed: 38690576
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01960 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jan 2020The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary vibroactivated clinoptilolite supplementation on the intramammary microbiological findings in dairy cows,...
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary vibroactivated clinoptilolite supplementation on the intramammary microbiological findings in dairy cows, causative agents of potential intramammary infection, and their sensitivity to antibiotics. Cows ( = 78) were randomly divided into two groups: CPL-treated group that received clinoptilolite (CPL) in-feed ( = 38), i.e., 50 g natural powdered zeolite CPL, twice daily from the seventh month of pregnancy to 75 days after calving, and the control group (CON) of untreated cows ( = 40). Milk samples were taken from each cow on days 7, 25, 45, and 75 postpartum. The following causative pathogens were isolated in 86 udder quarters: in 5.81% of positive samples, spp. 9.32%, coagulase-negative (CNS) 22.09%, 13.95%, 1.16%, sp. 3.49%, 8.13%, spp. 6.98%, spp. 11.63%, sp. 10.47%, spp. 2.33%, and , sp., sp., and yeasts each in 1.16% of samples. Additionally, 3.87% of environmental microflora samples ( = 47) and 89.06% of udder samples ( = 1083) were bacteriologically negative. The most effective antibiotics were cefoperazone and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, while cloxacillin and tetracycline were the least effective antibiotics in both groups. In the clinoptilolite supplemented (CPL) group ( = 38) of 14 cows, nine causative agents of mastitis were isolated in 27 quarters, while in the control (CON) group ( = 40) of 24 cows, 13 causative agents of mastitis were isolated in 59 quarters. Cows from the CON group had a 1.96 times higher risk of intramammary infection than cows from the CPL group during the observation period (odds ratio = 1.96, = 0.0031; 95% CI = 1.2570-3.0770).
PubMed: 31991715
DOI: 10.3390/ani10020202 -
Reproduction in Domestic Animals =... Apr 2024Pyometra is a prevalent and severe infectious disease that affects the reproductive systems of cattle worldwide. This study's main goal was to investigate the biomarkers...
Pyometra is a prevalent and severe infectious disease that affects the reproductive systems of cattle worldwide. This study's main goal was to investigate the biomarkers for oxidative stress (OS), adiponectin, leptin and neopterin (NPT) in cows suffering from postpartum pyometra. The study also aimed to determine which bacteria were most commonly implicated in the development of the disease. A total of 74 cows with pyometra were examined and compared to a control group of healthy cows (n = 20). In comparison to the healthy control and post-treatment groups, the pyometra group showed higher mean values of leptin, adiponectin and malondialdehyde (MDA). In contrast, the glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) mean values were lower in the pyometra group as compared to the post-treatment and control groups. NPT levels in the post-treatment groups were lower than those in cows with pyometra but comparable to the healthy control group (p > .05). When compared to the other biomarkers, NPT, leptin and adiponectin showed higher sensitivity and specificity in identifying pyometra cases (AUC ≥0.99). The predominant bacterial isolates from the ptomtra-affected cows consisted of Escherichia coli (N = 29; 39.2%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (N = 27; 36.5%) and Fusobacterium necrophorum (N = 13; 17.6%). Mixed infection was determined in nine samples (12.2%). Conclusively, OS, adiponectin, leptin and NPT play crucial roles in comprehending the development of postpartum pyometra in cows and have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the disease.
Topics: Female; Cattle; Animals; Pyometra; Leptin; Adiponectin; Postpartum Period; Oxidative Stress; Glutathione; Biomarkers; Cattle Diseases
PubMed: 38591742
DOI: 10.1111/rda.14559 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jan 2023The genus is constantly growing as novel species are identified. In particular, harbor seals have proven to be a common reservoir for bacteria of this genus. Here, we...
The genus is constantly growing as novel species are identified. In particular, harbor seals have proven to be a common reservoir for bacteria of this genus. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of another species-namely, Arcanobacterium pinnipediorum strain DSM 28752, isolated from a harbor seal.
PubMed: 36598257
DOI: 10.1128/mra.01180-22 -
Theriogenology Dec 2021Mixed infection with Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) leads to purulent endometritis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The...
Tanshinone ⅡA inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and protects bovine endometrial epithelial cells from pyolysin-induced damage by modulating the NF-κB/Snail2 signaling pathway.
Mixed infection with Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) leads to purulent endometritis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tanshinone ⅡA (Tan ⅡA) on E. coli and T. pyogenes -induced purulent endometritis and explore the underlying mechanism. First, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from E. coli and bacteria-free filtrates (BFFs) isolated from T. pyogenes were used to induce a model of bovine endometrial epithelial cell (bEEC) damage in vitro. bEECs were pretreated with or without Tan ⅡA for 2 h, before LPS and BFFs were introduced to induce damage to investigate the protective effect of Tan IIA. Then, the cytolytic activity and inflammatory response in bEECs were examined using CCK-8, LDH and RT-qPCR assays. Furthermore, we confirmed the molecular mechanism by which Tan ⅡA reversed the damaged phenotypes in LPS- and BFFs-induced bEECs via the NF-κB/Snail2 pathway using qPCR and Western blotting. Tan ⅡA significantly decreased the cytolytic activity and inflammatory response in LPS- and BFFs-induced bEECs. In addition, Tan ⅡA reversed the dysregulation of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin. Moreover, Tan ⅡA significantly inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and decreased the expression level of Snail2, which is the main regulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In summary, Tan ⅡA inhibits the LPS-induced EMT and protects bEECs from pyolysin-induced damage by modulating the NF-κB/Snail2 signaling pathway.
Topics: Abietanes; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Toxins; Cattle; Epithelial Cells; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Escherichia coli; Female; Hemolysin Proteins; Lipopolysaccharides; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34628084
DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.10.001