-
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Apr 2021This study investigated sex/gender differences in camouflaging with children and adolescents (N = 84) with and without an autism diagnosis/increased levels of...
This study investigated sex/gender differences in camouflaging with children and adolescents (N = 84) with and without an autism diagnosis/increased levels of autistic traits using two conceptualisations/operationalisations of camouflaging. A significant group-by-gender interaction using ANCOVA, with the covariate of verbal IQ, reflected similar levels of social reciprocity in autistic and neurotypical females, whereas autistic males had lower reciprocity than neurotypical males. Autistic females also had higher reciprocity than autistic males, despite similar levels of autistic traits (behavioural camouflaging). Additionally, autistic males and females had similar theory of mind skills, despite females having increased reciprocity (compensatory camouflaging). These findings provide evidence of increased camouflaging in autistic females, which may contribute to delay in the recognition of difficulties and provision of support.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Autistic Disorder; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Recognition, Psychology; Sex Characteristics; Sex Factors; Theory of Mind
PubMed: 32691191
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04615-z -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Apr 2024Pediatricians have a critically important role in the care of children with autism, including conducting developmental screening to support early diagnosis and... (Review)
Review
Pediatricians have a critically important role in the care of children with autism, including conducting developmental screening to support early diagnosis and intervention, advising families about evidence-based treatments for autism spectrum disorder, and supporting families' emotional health as they care for a child with a developmental disability. The purpose of this article is to provide pediatricians with information about evidence-based autism treatments and how to determine which interventions are appropriate for children across the autism spectrum at different ages and developmental stages.
Topics: Child; Humans; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Evidence-Based Medicine; Early Diagnosis; Pediatricians
PubMed: 38423716
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2024.01.001 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Mar 2022
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 35324116
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0162 -
Psychiatria Danubina Sep 2019Autism is a widespread developmental disorder that occurs mostly among children. Children with autism are prone to problematic behaviors due to their deficiencies in...
BACKGROUND
Autism is a widespread developmental disorder that occurs mostly among children. Children with autism are prone to problematic behaviors due to their deficiencies in language communication and social development. Thus, children with a high degree of autism suffer lower life satisfaction. Moreover, sensory integration dysfunction is closely related to autism. Therefore, the effect of Sensory Integration Training (SIT) on the behaviors and quality of life of children with autism was explored in this study.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
From September 2017 to December 2018, 108 patients from Fuzhou Fourth Hospital and Xiangtan Fifth Hospital were included in the intervention group (group A) and the control group (group B), with 54 members in each group. The 54 members in group B, with an average age of 5.18±2.94, received routine treatment. In addition to the same routine treatment, the members in group B also received sensory integration training and physical exercise intervention, which lasted for three months. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) were used before and after the intervention experiment to evaluate the curative effect.
RESULTS
After the treatment, statistically significant differences were observed in the CARS and ABC scores (P<0.05); the total effective rate was 86.11% in group A and 64.10% in group B. The difference in the CARS score was statistically significant (P<0.05), whereas the difference in the ABC score was also statistically significant (P<0.05). In general, the difference in CARS is statistically significant. Specifically, group A is better than group B, t=3.492, df=73, and bilateral P=0.001<0.01.
CONCLUSIONS
SIT intervention had a certain effect on autism and is of great value for the future development of SIT courses or intervention programs for children with autism.
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Checklist; Child, Preschool; Humans; Quality of Life
PubMed: 31596827
DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2019.340 -
Advances in Neurobiology 2020Autism is a developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. Although autism can be diagnosed at any age, it is said to be a "developmental disorder"... (Review)
Review
Autism is a developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. Although autism can be diagnosed at any age, it is said to be a "developmental disorder" because symptoms generally appear in the first 2 years of life. The primary cause of autism is still not clear and therapy is currently restricted to controlling behavioral abnormalities. However, emerging studies have shown a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and autism. Dietary supplements that promote mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibit the production of oxidative stress have been used to treat autism patients. Dietary adjustments in treating autism is a novel approach to suppress autistic symptoms. Supplementation with antioxidants has been found to not only inhibit cognitive decline but also improve behavioral symptoms in autism. Dietary supplements fortified with vitamins should only be given under the supervision of a physician. A wide range of nutraceuticals are under clinical trials to understand whether they physiologically target mitochondrial pathways and improve the quality of life in autism.
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Quality of Life
PubMed: 32006374
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30402-7_20 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder
PubMed: 38423726
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2024.01.009 -
Science (New York, N.Y.) May 2024Last week, , , and published an extensive set of papers from the PsychENCODE Consortium, a multi-institutional collaboration whose aim is to study the genetics of...
Last week, , , and published an extensive set of papers from the PsychENCODE Consortium, a multi-institutional collaboration whose aim is to study the genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia. The papers, collectively called PsychENCODE2, apply advances in single-cell and multi-omic technologies to postmortem brain tissue to elucidate factors that may help explain and develop treatments for neuropsychiatric conditions. The new insights gained from these considerable data will hopefully inspire new ways in which the clinical community can find common ground with researchers, something that is not always guaranteed in the contentious mental health field.
Topics: Humans; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Brain; Schizophrenia; Single-Cell Analysis; Autistic Disorder; Bipolar Disorder
PubMed: 38815019
DOI: 10.1126/science.adq6625 -
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Oct 2019Youth with ASD often show limited or atypical empathic responsiveness. The direct effects of social skills interventions on enhancing empathic responsiveness is unknown.... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Youth with ASD often show limited or atypical empathic responsiveness. The direct effects of social skills interventions on enhancing empathic responsiveness is unknown. Data from a randomized controlled trial were used to investigate whether a Theory of Mind training improves the empathic responsiveness, measured through structured observations. The current study included a large sample (n = 135) of 8-13-year-old children with ASD. When comparing the change scores of empathic responsiveness from baseline to post-test, the intervention group performed significantly better than the waitlist group. Thus, the current findings support the use of Theory of Mind training as intervention of ASD by showing its efficacy also in improving one's empathic responsiveness, in addition to previous knowledge regarding the improvements in empathic understanding.
Topics: Adolescent; Autistic Disorder; Child; Empathy; Female; Humans; Male; Psychotherapy; Social Skills; Theory of Mind
PubMed: 30074122
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3671-1 -
JAMA Pediatrics Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder
PubMed: 36315119
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.4144 -
JAMA Pediatrics Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder
PubMed: 36315161
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.4147