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JDR Clinical and Translational Research Apr 2021This systematic review compared platelet concentrates (PCs) versus hyaluronic acid (HA) or saline/Ringer's solution injections as treatments of temporomandibular... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review compared platelet concentrates (PCs) versus hyaluronic acid (HA) or saline/Ringer's solution injections as treatments of temporomandibular osteoarthritis and disc displacement in terms of pain and maximum mouth opening (MMO).
METHODS
PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched up to March 6, 2020. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Exclusion criteria were case series, observational studies, animal studies, and reviews. The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The weighted mean difference was used to compare the results.
RESULTS
Nine RCTs were included with a total of 407 patients. The numbers of joints treated were 262, 112, and 112 in the PC, HA, and saline groups, respectively. The quality of studies was rated as strong in 4 studies, moderate in 4 studies, and weak in 1 study. The meta-analysis revealed that PCs decreased pain visual analogue scale (VAS) scores compared to HA by an average of -1.11 (CI, -1.62 to -0.60; P < 0.0001) and -0.57 (CI, -1.55 to 0.41; P = 0.26) at 3 and 12 mo follow-up respectively. Also, the average decrease in pain scores with PC compared to saline was -1.33 (CI, -2.61 to -0.06; P = 0.04), -2.07 (CI, -3.46 to -0.69; P = 0.003), and -2.71 (CI, -4.69 to -0.72; P = 0.008) at 3, 6, and 12 mo, respectively. Regarding MMO measurements, PC was comparable to HA, but it was significantly better than saline after 3 and 6 mo [2.9 mm (CI,1.47 to 4.3; P < 0.0001), and 1.69 mm (CI, 0.13 to 3.25; P = 0.03) respectively].
CONCLUSION
PC reduces pain VAS scores compared to HA during the first 3 m after treatment, and when compared to saline, it reduces pain and increases MMO for longer durations. However, due to differences between groups regarding PC preparation protocols and study heterogeneity, further standardized RCTs are required.
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT
This study provides researchers and clinicians with quantitative and qualitative analyses of the current evidence regarding the clinical outcomes of platelet concentrate injections in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and disc displacement in terms of pain control and maximum mouth opening.
Topics: Arthrocentesis; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Temporomandibular Joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
PubMed: 32464073
DOI: 10.1177/2380084420927326 -
Archives of Razi Institute Feb 2023Health specialists currently suggest low-cholesterol diets, suggesting that cholesterol in the form of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduces the risk of chronic...
Effects of the Melatonin and Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol Acetate) as Antioxidants on Biochemical Blood Parameters, Lipid Profile, and Muscle Vitamin E Concentration in Awassi Lambs Fed a High-Energy Diet and Normal Diet.
Health specialists currently suggest low-cholesterol diets, suggesting that cholesterol in the form of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduces the risk of chronic atherosclerosis. The large volume of literature describes the biological roles of vitamin E and its application to preventing disease and improving the health and productive performances of farm animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol acetate) supplementation and melatonin implants on biochemical blood, lipid profile and muscle vitamin E content of Awassi male lambs fed by a high and normal diet in Iraq. The lambs were divided into teen groups as control normal energy diet T1 (NED) T2 (HED) concentrated lamb fattening feed. Two levels of melatonin (18 and 36 mg implant) were applied to T3, T4, T5, and T6 treatment and 2 levels of Vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol acetate) diet 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg to T7. T8. T9 and T10, respectively. Results from the present study indicate that Vitamin E 200, 400 mg/lamb/day and melatonin implantation 18 mg, 36 mg/lamb/day significantly (<0.05) increased total protein in serum while decreasing globulin level, glucose concentration in serum, melatonin implantation 36 mg/lamb and vitamin E 400 mg/lamb/day recorded significantly (<0.05). The same effect on decreasing cholesterol concentration in serum 42.6mg\dl, 40.5 mg\dl, respectively, compared to non-treated groups. Vitamin E 200 mg/kg/lamb recorded the lowest AST level in serum, 43.3. Lambs implanted with Melatonin 36 mg/lamb and fed a high-energy diet (T8) resulted in a significant decrease of serum ALT activity (<0.05) in comparison to other treated groups 12.7 U/L was achieved. Lambs fed a normal energy diet with vitamin E 200 mg/kg/lamb (T4) exceeded other treated groups, decreasing ALT serum levels by 9.35 U/L. Interestingly, muscle vitamin E concentrations for lambs received 200, 400 mg/lamb/day on the 2, 7 and 14 days of the storage period, and fed high energy diet (T10) or normal energy diet (T5) were significantly higher compared to control group (T1, T6).
Topics: Animals; Male; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Lipids; Melatonin; Muscles; Sheep; Sheep, Domestic; Vitamin E
PubMed: 37312741
DOI: 10.22092/ARI.2022.358494.2234 -
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal... Sep 2020Urolithiasis is highly prevalent in dogs and cats, with struvite and calcium oxalate being most commonly diagnosed. Some commercial diets aimed at reducing the risk of...
Urolithiasis is highly prevalent in dogs and cats, with struvite and calcium oxalate being most commonly diagnosed. Some commercial diets aimed at reducing the risk of urolithiasis are based on inclusion of sodium chloride (NaCl) in an attempt to dilute the urine and the risk of crystallization, but more information on the effect of differing levels of sodium inclusion is needed. The objective of this study was to compare the short-term effect of four diets differing only in NaCl content (base diet with 0.3% sodium and diets with added NaCl to achieve 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3% sodium as fed) on urinary ion concentrations and relative supersaturation (RSS) of struvite and calcium oxalate in dogs and cats. In both species, there was a significant increase in water intake and urine volume as dietary NaCl increased. Urine sodium concentration increased with increasing dietary NaCl. The highest sodium diet increased urinary calcium excretion in dogs only, while decreasing urinary calcium concentration. Calcium oxalate RSS and struvite RSS both significantly decreased, with the lowest RSS values reported on the highest sodium diet in both dogs and cats (p < .001). These results suggest that an increase in dietary NaCl decreases RSS values in both dogs and cats. Despite an increase in urinary calcium excretion in dogs, urinary calcium concentration and calcium oxalate RSS were lower on high sodium diets due to urine dilution. Long-term studies are needed to confirm the relationship between RSS and stone occurrence and recurrence.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Calcium Oxalate; Cats; Diet; Dogs; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Struvite
PubMed: 32157751
DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13329 -
Journal of Dairy Science Jan 2022The objective of this study was to determine the effect of adding low concentrations of calcium-binding salts on the prevention of low-temperature gelation in milk...
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of adding low concentrations of calcium-binding salts on the prevention of low-temperature gelation in milk protein concentrates (MPC). The MPC were created by a combination of ultrafiltration and diafiltration, standardized from 14 to 17% (wt/vol) protein content and mixed with one of 5 calcium-binding salts (sodium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and sodium monophosphate) adjusted to a pH of 6.75. The flow properties, apparent viscosity, and gel strength were determined for MPC containing a wide range of calcium-binding salt concentrations. Low-temperature gelation occurred in MPC with 16.0% and higher protein content. Low-temperature gelation at 16.0% protein content was prevented by the addition of any of the 5 salts tested at low concentrations (0.30 mM or less; sodium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or sodium monophosphate), with sodium polyphosphate and sodium monophosphate being the most consistent in preventing low-temperature gels. All MPC samples exhibited shear-thinning behavior (n = 0.52-0.72), which increased (lower n values) as the protein content increased and decreased by addition of salt. At concentrations of salt above 1.00 mM, thermally irreversible gels were observed with relative strength dependent on the salt and protein content.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Caseins; Gels; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Milk Proteins; Salts; Temperature
PubMed: 34600713
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20264 -
Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.) Feb 2021Citrus fruits contain an abundance of nutrients, including vitamins C and B and hesperidin, which attribute to its beneficial health effects. Previously, kimchi with...
Citrus fruits contain an abundance of nutrients, including vitamins C and B and hesperidin, which attribute to its beneficial health effects. Previously, kimchi with Jeju citrus concentrate (CK) elicited anti-obesity effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Here, we aimed to investigate whether CK exhibits anti-obesity effects by reducing serum and hepatic lipid concentrations and anti-obesity-associated gene expression in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6N mice. Low-dose CK (LDCK, 50 mg/kg) and high-dose CK (HDCK, 200 mg/kg) were orally administered 3 times per week over 8 weeks with HFD diet. Body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, and tissue weight were measured. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations were also assessed. The effect of CK on the lipid profile and lipid accumulation was analyzed. Body and white adipose tissue masses were significantly lower in the LDCK and HDCK groups than in the HFD group. Orally administered CK significantly decreased serum lipid, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels. Hepatic lipid content also decreased in the LDCK and HDCK groups. Serum leptin concentrations decreased, whereas serum adiponectin concentrations increased, confirming the anti-obesity effects of LDCK and HDCK. The decrease of hepatic vacuoles and stained lipid droplets indicated inhibition of lipid accumulation. These results support the hypothesis that CK exhibits anti-obesity effects in vivo by reducing lipid accumulation and by regulating anti-obesity-related genes.
Topics: Adipogenesis; Adiponectin; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Body Weight; Citrus; Diet, High-Fat; Fermented Foods; Fruit; Gene Expression Regulation; Insulin Resistance; Leptin; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Lipogenesis; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity
PubMed: 33482598
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.11.007 -
Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy :... Apr 2023A sufficient supply of safe, high-quality blood components for transfusion is essential to the healthcare system in Germany. The requirements for the current reporting...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
A sufficient supply of safe, high-quality blood components for transfusion is essential to the healthcare system in Germany. The requirements for the current reporting system are laid down in the German Transfusion Act. The present work elaborates on the advantages and limitations of the current reporting system and investigates the feasibility of a pilot project that collects specific data on blood supply based on weekly reports.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Selected data on blood collection and supply from 2009 to 2021 derived from the §21 German Transfusion Act database were examined. In addition, a pilot study over a period of 12 months was conducted on a voluntary basis. The number of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates was documented and stock availability was calculated weekly.
RESULTS
From 2009 to 2021, the annual number of RBC concentrates decreased from 4.68 to 3.43 million, the per capita distribution decreased from 58 to 41 RBC concentrates per 1,000 inhabitants. These figures did not change significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data of the 1-year pilot project represented 77% of the released RBC concentrates in Germany. Percentage share of O RhD positive RBC concentrates fluctuated between 35% and 22% and for O RhD negative concentrates between 17% and 5%. The availability of O RhD positive RBC concentrate stocks varied between 2.1 and 7.6 days.
CONCLUSION
The data presented shows a decrease in annual RBC concentrate sales over an 11-year period and no further change over the past 2 years. A weekly monitoring of blood components detects acute problems in RBC provision and supply. Close monitoring seems helpful but should be combined with a nationwide supply strategy.
PubMed: 37066055
DOI: 10.1159/000528974 -
Environmental Research Mar 2023nanofiltration membrane concentrate (NMC) is an emerging type of wastewater with significant environmental concerns. which can be treated efficiently by an integrated...
nanofiltration membrane concentrate (NMC) is an emerging type of wastewater with significant environmental concerns. which can be treated efficiently by an integrated method. In this study, magnetic biochar (MBC) pretreatment integrated with anaerobic digestion (AD) (MBC + AD) was used to treat NMC. Results showed that under the optimal MBC + AD conditions, 79%, 69.4%, 52.9%, and 86.5% of COD, total nitrogen (TN), chromaticity, and light absorbing substances were reduced. For heavy metals removal, 18.3%, 70.0%, 96.4%, 43.8% and 97.5% of Cr (VI), Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were removed, respectively. LC-MS analysis indicated that p-nitrophenol (4-NP) diethyl and phthalate (DEP) were the main organic pollutants in NMC with a removal rate of 60% and 90%. Compared with single AD, in MBC + AD samples, bacterial activity was improved, and genus DMER64 (23.2%) was dominant. The predominant archaea were Methanocorpusculum (53.3%) and Methanosarcina (25.3%), with microbial restructuring and slight methane generation. Additionally, metabolic pathway prediction revealed that both bacterial and archaeal metabolism were significantly enhanced, contributing to the central functional pathways, namely microbial activity metabolism and biodegradation metabolism. In addition, the significantly increased genera Syner-01, Vulcanibacillus, Methanocorpusculum, and Norank_c_Bathyarchaeia were significantly positively related to metabolic function. This finding demonstrated that MBC + AD enhanced contaminant removal, mainly by regulating bacterial diversity and activity. Moreover, the toxicity of NMC decreased after MBC + AD treatment. This study provides a potential biological strategy for the treatment of membrane concentrates and water recovery.
Topics: Sewage; Anaerobiosis; Wastewater; Bacteria; Archaea; Magnetic Phenomena; Bioreactors; Methane
PubMed: 36640939
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115245 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Aplasia and hematological malignancies are treated with platelet transfusions, which can have major immunomodulatory effects. Platelet concentrates (PCs) contain many...
INTRODUCTION
Aplasia and hematological malignancies are treated with platelet transfusions, which can have major immunomodulatory effects. Platelet concentrates (PCs) contain many immunomodulatory elements, including the platelets themselves, residual leukocytes, extracellular vesicles, such as microparticles (MPs), cytokines and other soluble elements. Two of these components, MPs and a soluble form of CD27 (sCD27), have been shown to play a particularly important role in immune system modulation. The loss of CD27 expression is an irreversible marker of terminal effector CD3 T-lymphocyte (TL) differentiation, and the CD27 MPs present in PCs may maintain CD27 expression on the surface of TLs, and, thus, the activation of these cells.
METHODS
In this study, we phenotyped the CD27-expressing MPs present in PCs by microscale flow cytometry and investigated the interaction of these particles with CD4 TLs. We cocultured MPs and PBMCs and determined the origin of the CD27 expressed on the surface of CD4 TLs with the aid of two fluorochromes (BV510 for CD27 originating from MPs and BV786 for cellular CD27).
RESULTS
We showed that the binding of CD27- expressing MPs involved the CD70 molecule, which was also present on these MPs. Finally, the maintenance of CD27 expression on the surface of TLs by sorted CD27 MPs led to activation levels lower than those observed with other types of MPs.
DISCUSSION
These results for CD27-expressing MPs and their CD70-mediated targeting open up new possibilities for immunotherapy based on the use of MPs to maintain a phenotype or to target immune cells, for example. Moreover, decreasing the levels of CD27-expressing MPs in transfused platelets might also increase the chances of success for anti-CD27 monoclonal immunotherapy.
Topics: T-Lymphocytes; Cytokines; Lymphocyte Activation; Phenotype; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 36969173
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1043255 -
PloS One 2021Biodegradable plastics must be sufficiently stable to maintain functionality during use but need to be able to degrade rapidly after use. We previously reported that...
Biodegradable plastics must be sufficiently stable to maintain functionality during use but need to be able to degrade rapidly after use. We previously reported that treatment with an enzyme named PaE, secreted by the basidiomycete yeast Pseudozyma antarctica can speed up this degradation. To facilitate the production of large quantities of PaE, here, we aimed to elucidate the optimal conditions of ethanol treatment for sterilization of the culture supernatant and for concentration and stabilization of PaE. The results showed that Pseudozyma antarctica completely lost its proliferating ability when incubated in ≥20% (v/v) ethanol. When the ethanol concentration was raised to 90% (v/v), PaE formed a precipitate; however, its activity was restored completely when the precipitate was dissolved in water. To reduce ethanol use, PaE was successfully concentrated and recovered by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation and ethanol precipitation steps. Over 90% of the activity in the original culture supernatant was recovered and the specific activity was increased 3.4-fold. By preparing the enzyme solution at a final concentration of 20% (v/v) ethanol, about 60% of the initial activity was maintained at ambient temperature for over 6 months without growth of microbes. We conclude that ethanol treatment is effective for sterilization, concentration, and stabilization of PaE, and that concentrating PaE by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation and ethanol precipitation substantially increases the PaE purity and decreases ethanol use.
Topics: Basidiomycota; Biodegradable Plastics; DNA, Fungal; Ethanol; Ustilaginales; Xylose
PubMed: 34086819
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252811 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021This study aimed to determine the impact of sesame meal, selenium (Se), and vitamin E (VitE) on goats' oxidative status. Thirty mid-lactation crossbred goats were...
This study aimed to determine the impact of sesame meal, selenium (Se), and vitamin E (VitE) on goats' oxidative status. Thirty mid-lactation crossbred goats were divided into five homogeneous groups, and were fed 1 kg of alfalfa hay and 1.2 kg of concentrates daily. The control group (C) received a basal diet. In the concentrates of the treated groups, 10% of the soybean meal was replaced by sesame meal and no extra VitE or Se (SM), or an extra 60 mg of VitE (SME), or 0.1 mg organic Se (SMSe), or their combination (60 mg VitE and 0,1 mg organic Se/kg of concentrate (SMESe). In the plasma of the goats, the dietary treatments did not affect glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, or the total antioxidant capacity. A reduction and a trend for lower protein carbonyls content was found in goats fed SM ( = 0.03) and SME ( = 0.06) compared to SMESe. In the milk, the lactoperoxidase activity decreased with SMSe and SMESe. A numerical decrease in the total antioxidant capacity and an increase in the MDA content in the milk of the SMESe group compared with the other treated groups was found. In mid-lactation goats, SM improves the oxidative status of both the organism and the milk.
PubMed: 33807783
DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030392