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International Endodontic Journal May 2022This narrative review will focus on the evolution, present and future of engine-driven root canal preparation. Root canal preparation changed drastically when Walia in... (Review)
Review
This narrative review will focus on the evolution, present and future of engine-driven root canal preparation. Root canal preparation changed drastically when Walia in 1988 introduced the use of nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys in Endodontics. In 2013, five generations of NiTi endodontic instruments had been established based on their metallurgical, mechanical properties and design features. Since then, manufacturers have been introducing further major changes in instrument design and characteristics that have not been translated in new recognized generations of instruments. In general, those changes have demonstrated enhanced instrument properties, but it is not clear yet if all those improvements are directly translated to an improvement in clinical success. This narrative review attempts to address the present status of engine-driven instruments in terms of both evidence from laboratory-based studies and clinical data, to identify potential further generations of instruments, and last to anticipate future directions for research and development.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Endodontics; Equipment Design; Metallurgy; Root Canal Preparation; Titanium
PubMed: 35118683
DOI: 10.1111/iej.13698 -
International Journal of Oral Science Feb 2022Various engine-driven NiTi endodontic files have been indispensable and efficient tools in cleaning and shaping of root canals for practitioners. In this review, we... (Review)
Review
Various engine-driven NiTi endodontic files have been indispensable and efficient tools in cleaning and shaping of root canals for practitioners. In this review, we introduce the relative terms and conceptions of NiTi file, including crystal phase composition, the design of the cutting part, types of separation. This review also analysis the main improvement and evolution of different generations of engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments in the past 20 years in the geometric design, manufacturing surface treatment such as electropolishing, thermal treatment, metallurgy. And the variety of motion modes of NiTi files to improve resistance to torsional failure were also discussed. Continuous advancements by the designers, provide better balance between shaping efficiency and resistance to of NiTi systems. In clinical practice an appropriate system should be selected based on the anatomy of the root canal, instrument characteristics, and operators' experience.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Equipment Design; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Titanium
PubMed: 35181648
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00154-0 -
International Endodontic Journal May 2022The success rate of fractured instrument retrieval varies because it is dependent mainly on several factors including the visibility of the fractured instrument, the... (Review)
Review
The success rate of fractured instrument retrieval varies because it is dependent mainly on several factors including the visibility of the fractured instrument, the length of the fractured instrument in relation to the curvature of the canal and the techniques applied to each case. This review aims to update the present status on removal of fractured instruments to identify factors and variables that could affect the success of fractured instrument retrieval based on both the preparation techniques and the instrument retrieval techniques. On the other hand, future directions of fractured instrument retrieval should focus on management of nonvisible fractured instruments since the removal of those instruments is deemed unpredictable with the current techniques, whereas the removal of visible fractured instruments is considered predictable now. Another possible direction of it is that there might be no more instrument fracture due to possible significant changes in the root canal preparation technique which may dispense with the use of rotary instruments.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Failure; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Root Canal Preparation; Titanium
PubMed: 35377473
DOI: 10.1111/iej.13743 -
General Dentistry 2020
Topics: Dental Amalgam; Dental Materials; Oral Health
PubMed: 31859653
DOI: No ID Found -
The Japanese Dental Science Review Nov 2021This article presents a review of silver-based dental alloys, with a focus on their bonding behavior and their chemical and mechanical properties. The most effective... (Review)
Review
This article presents a review of silver-based dental alloys, with a focus on their bonding behavior and their chemical and mechanical properties. The most effective pretreatment for bonding silver-based alloys involves alumina air-abrasion followed by the application of a metal adhesive primer containing both the vinyl-thione monomer and a hydrophobic phosphate monomer. Silver-based alloys are readily sulfurized, making it clinically important to limit their use to cast post and core restorations to avoid direct exposure to salivary components. Fracture of the post and core restorations can be prevented by reinforcing their mechanical properties by applying the cast joining technique with tougher metals.
PubMed: 34234881
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.05.005 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Aug 2023The present systematic review aimed to report the studies concerning the primers in improving bond strength and identifying pertinent primers for a particular dental... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIM
The present systematic review aimed to report the studies concerning the primers in improving bond strength and identifying pertinent primers for a particular dental alloy by adhering to PRISMA precepts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed and Semantic Scholar databases were scoured for articles using 10 search terms. studies satisfying the inclusion criteria were probed which were meticulously screened and scrutinized for eligibility adhering to the 11 exclusion criteria. The quality assessment tool for studies (QUIN Tool) containing 12 criteria was employed to assess the risk of bias (RoB).
RESULTS
A total of 48 studies assessing shear bond strength (SBS) and 15 studies evaluating tensile bond strength (TBS) were included in the qualitative synthesis. Concerning SBS, 33.4% moderate and 66.6% high RoB was observed. Concerning TBS, 26.8% moderate and 73.2% high RoB was discerned. Seventeen and two studies assessing SBS and TBS, respectively, were included in meta-analyses.
CONCLUSIONS
Shear bond strength and TBS increased for the primed alloys. Cyclic disulfide primer is best-suited for noble alloys when compared with thiol/thione primers. Phosphoric acid- and phosphonic acid ester-based primers are opportune for base alloys.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The alloy-resin interface (ARI) would fail if an inappropriate primer was selected. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate alloy adhesive primer for an alloy plays a crucial role in prosthetic success. This systematic review would help in the identification and selection of a congruous primer for a selected alloy.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Dental Alloys; Disulfides; Thiones; Dental Cements
PubMed: 38193174
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3514 -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Jul 2019Titanium and titanium alloys are one of the main metallic materials in the medical and dental fields because of their biocompatibility. In this review, the application... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Titanium and titanium alloys are one of the main metallic materials in the medical and dental fields because of their biocompatibility. In this review, the application of titanium and its alloys as the substitute materials for Ag-Pd-Au alloy in the casting of fixed dental prostheses was examined.
STUDY SELECTION
A reference search was performed through PubMed based on the keywords titanium, titanium alloy, and dental casting. Other relevant references were obtained from the citation in the articles.
RESULTS
The dental casting technology for titanium has already been developed for clinical use, which enables the use of appropriate casting machines and investment materials for titanium and its alloys available commercially. The mechanical properties, castability, and corrosion resistance of titanium and titanium alloys were reported to be comparable or superior to the conventional dental alloys. Clinical researches reported that titanium and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy casings showed suitable quality for clinical application.
CONCLUSION
Titanium and its alloys can be the substitute materials for Ag-Pd-Au alloy, and should be considered worthy of qualifying for the dental insurance coverage.
Topics: Alloys; Dental Alloys; Dental Prosthesis; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 31147298
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2019.04.011 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Oct 2021The present review article aimed to discuss the recent technologies employed for the development of dental implants, mainly regarding innovative surface treatments and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The present review article aimed to discuss the recent technologies employed for the development of dental implants, mainly regarding innovative surface treatments and alternative alloys, emphasizing the bio-tribocorrosion processes.
METHODS
An electronic search applying specific MeSH terms was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar databases to collect data until August 2021, considering basic, pre-clinical, clinical and review studies. The relevant articles (n=111), focused on innovative surface treatments for dental implants and their potential undesirable biological effects, were selected and explored.
RESULTS
Novel texturization methodologies for dental implants clearly provided superficial and structural atomic alterations in micro- and nanoscale, promoting different mechanical-chemical interactions when applied in the clinical set. Some particulate metals released from implant surfaces, their degradation products and/or contaminants exhibited local and systemic reactions after implant installation and osseointegration, contributing to unexpected treatment drawbacks and adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of pre-clinical and clinical platforms for screening dental implant devices, to predict the biointerface reactions as early as possible during the development phases.
SIGNIFICANCE
Modern surface treatments and innovative alloys developed for dental implants are not completely understood regarding their integrity during long-term clinical function, especially when considering the bio-tribocorrosion process. From this review, it is possible to assume that degradation and contamination of dental surfaces might be associated within peri-implant inflammation and cumulative long-lasting systemic toxicity. The in-depth comprehension of the biointerface modifications on these novel surface treatments might preclude unnecessary expenses and postoperative complications involving osseointegration failures.
Topics: Alloys; Dental Alloys; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis Design; Osseointegration; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 34426019
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.008 -
British Dental Journal Apr 2021
Topics: Dental Alloys; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Brackets
PubMed: 33893403
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-2970-7 -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Jan 2020In recent years, the application of restorations and fixed dental prostheses to molars by computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) with composite... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
In recent years, the application of restorations and fixed dental prostheses to molars by computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) with composite resin has been increasing. Titanium and titanium alloy having a high tissue affinity and good biocompatibility are suitable for cases where CAD/CAM fabrications are inadequate, such as allergic reaction to metal. Many studies have reported methods of production with titanium and titanium alloys. The purpose of this review is to survey the clinical application of titanium and titanium alloy restorations and fixed dental prostheses with various fabrication systems.
STUDY SELECTION
A literature search in PubMed was performed for various fabrication systems of titanium and titanium alloy from 2010 through 2019. The search keywords were "titanium", "titanium alloy", "CAD/CAM", "cast", "fabrication system", "marginal gap", "internal gap", and "clinical performance". Only relevant studies are summarized and discussed in this review.
RESULTS
With any fabrication system, titanium and titanium alloy restorations and fixed dental prostheses fabricated with various systems were within the clinically acceptable ranges of marginal gap and internal fit. Additionally, these restorations were considered to have less effect on the periodontal issues. Although metal-ceramic restoration has clinical performance problems, such as ceramic fracture, fabrications with only titanium and titanium alloy were reported to have good clinical performance.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of the fabrication system, titanium and titanium alloy restorations and fixed dental prostheses can be applied clinically. Titanium and titanium alloys are thought to be a promising alternative to the dental metals currently used.
Topics: Alloys; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Prosthesis Design; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Titanium
PubMed: 31711856
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2019.07.008