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Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Apr 2023: This project was developed from anecdotal evidence of varied practices around antibiotic prescribing in dental procedures. The aim of the study was to ascertain if... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
: This project was developed from anecdotal evidence of varied practices around antibiotic prescribing in dental procedures. The aim of the study was to ascertain if there is evidence to support whether antibiotic (AB) use can effectively reduce postoperative infections after dental implant placements (DIPs). : Following PRISMA-P© methodology, a systematic review of randomised controlled clinical trials was designed and registered on the PROSPERO© database. Searches were performed using PubMed, Science Direct and the Cochrane© Database, plus the bibliographies of studies identified. The efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics, independent of the regimen used, versus a placebo, control or no therapy based on implant failure due to infection was the primary measured outcome. Secondary outcomes were other post-surgical complications due to infection and AB adverse events. : Twelve RCTs were identified and analysed. Antibiotic use was reported to be statistically significant in preventing infection ( < 001). The prevention of complications was not statistically significant ( = 0.96), and the NNT was >5 (14 and 2523 respectively), which indicates that the intervention was not sufficiently effective to justify its use. The occurrence of side effects was not statistically significant ( = 0.63). NNH was 528 indicating that possible harm caused by the use of ABs is very small and does not negate the AB use when indicated. : The routine use of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection in dental implant placement was found to be not sufficiently effective to justify routine use. Clear clinical assessment pathways, such as those used for medical conditions, based on the patients' age, dental risk factors, such as oral health and bone health, physical risk factors, such as chronic or long-term conditions and modifiable health determinants, such as smoking, are required to prevent the unnecessary use of antibiotics.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Dental Implants
PubMed: 37109671
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040713 -
Journal of Environmental Pathology,... 2023Dental implants are medical devices that are surgically inserted into the patient's jawbone by an orthodontist to act as roots of missing teeth. After the implantation,... (Review)
Review
Dental implants are medical devices that are surgically inserted into the patient's jawbone by an orthodontist to act as roots of missing teeth. After the implantation, the maxilla or mandible integrates with the surface of the dental implant. This process, called "osseointegration," is an important period to ensure the long-term use of dental implants and prevent implant failures. Metal implants are the most used implant materials. However, they have disadvantages such as corrosion, metal ion release from metal implant surfaces and associated toxicity. To avoid these adverse effects and improve osseointegration, alternative dental implant materials such as ceramics, polymers, composites, and novel surface modification technologies have been developed. The safety of these materials are also of concern for toxicologists. This review will give general information about dental implant materials, osseointegration and successful implantation process. Moreover, we will focus on the new surface coatings materials for of dental implants and their toxicity and safety concerns will be discussed.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Surface Properties; Osseointegration; Maxilla; Mandible
PubMed: 36749088
DOI: 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2022043467 -
Periodontology 2000 Feb 2022Implant therapy aims at providing the patient with a functional and esthetically pleasing rehabilitation in a long-term perspective. The loss of an implant constitutes a... (Review)
Review
Implant therapy aims at providing the patient with a functional and esthetically pleasing rehabilitation in a long-term perspective. The loss of an implant constitutes a major complication, which may have an impact on the treatment plan and/or jeopardize the longevity of the restoration. Implant loss may occur during the phase of osseointegration (early) or at a later time when the previously achieved osseointegration is lost (late). The present work evaluates the evidence on the occurrence of both events and discusses etiology, risk factors, and consequences.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Humans; Osseointegration
PubMed: 35103324
DOI: 10.1111/prd.12408 -
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related... Aug 2023Peri-implantitis constitutes one of the most frequent late dental implant complications. The disease is initiated by bacterial infection; therefore, anti-infective... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Peri-implantitis constitutes one of the most frequent late dental implant complications. The disease is initiated by bacterial infection; therefore, anti-infective peri-implantitis treatment strategies are required to arrest the progressive marginal bone loss and maintain the affected implant in function. Although nonsurgical treatment strategies appear to be of limited predictability, treatment outcomes have been frequently improved following surgical interventions.
PURPOSE
The present narrative review describes various surgical peri-implantitis treatment modalities, with respect to their indications, performance, and effectiveness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present narrative review considered the most relevant studies in the field published in the English language.
RESULTS
Surgical peri-implantitis treatment approaches can be categorized as nonreconstrucive therapy, reconstructive therapy, and combined therapy (ie, reconstructive and resective therapy). In addition to disease resolution, reconstructive approaches also seek to regenerate the bone defect and achieve reosseointegration.
CONCLUSIONS
The severity of the disease, the regenerative potential of the defetc and esthetic demands of the patient are the factors determining the surgical peri-implantitis treatment modality.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Dental Implants; Esthetics, Dental; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36419243
DOI: 10.1111/cid.13162 -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics... Aug 2019Maxillary all-on-four implant reconstruction requires training beyond normal dental implant training. It conjoins technical surgical acumen, anatomic and complex spatial... (Review)
Review
Maxillary all-on-four implant reconstruction requires training beyond normal dental implant training. It conjoins technical surgical acumen, anatomic and complex spatial relationship understanding, thorough awareness of dental prosthodontic principles, and excellent patient management skills. Acquisition of appropriate training to the level of competence in an era of greater patient expectations and increased vigilance for patient safety and overall quality of care is limited. Repeated purposeful practice in performing complex psychomotor tasks is of paramount importance in achieving competence. Surgical simulation may assist surgical learners to acquire familiarity with relevant anatomic variations, instrumentation, surgical techniques, and management of intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Topics: Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Clinical Competence; Computer Simulation; Computer-Assisted Instruction; Dental Implants; Humans; Internship and Residency; Maxilla; Simulation Training; Surgery, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 31109844
DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2019.03.011 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Jun 2023
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dentists
PubMed: 36870894
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.02.001 -
Journal of Oral Science Oct 2022The purpose of this review is to search for complications of dental implant superstructures and consider the issues involved. This narrative review was performed by... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this review is to search for complications of dental implant superstructures and consider the issues involved. This narrative review was performed by searching through PubMed databases and review articles that were published after 1990. Misfitting of the superstructure can result in loosening of screws, reduced preload, and in some cases, significant stress around the implant. External connection modalities and single implant prostheses have been reported to have more loose or broken abutment screws. In addition, when zirconia abutment was used for platform shifting, the rate of fracture of the abutment was considered to be high. Additionally, it was reported that men were significantly at an increased risk of abutment fracture. As for the retention mechanism of implant overdenture, stud attachment (Locator type) should receive more attention to wear and damage of retention parts than other attachments. The causes of the complications of implant superstructures have not been clarified in some cases, and further verification is required. Verification of complications is considered important to obtain a long-term prognosis for superstructures of implants. It will be necessary to further verify complications of implants in the future.
Topics: Dental Abutments; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Dental Stress Analysis; Denture, Overlay; Humans; Male
PubMed: 35989295
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0534 -
Pulmonology 2022
Topics: Dental Implants; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Respiration Disorders
PubMed: 35135740
DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.01.003 -
Journal of Long-term Effects of Medical... 2022Chlorhexidine is the most favored and widely used antimicrobial agent for the treatment of peri-implantitis. But, not many clinicians are aware of its side effects on... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Chlorhexidine is the most favored and widely used antimicrobial agent for the treatment of peri-implantitis. But, not many clinicians are aware of its side effects on dental implants and its cytotoxic effects on osteoblasts. The objectives of this review are to study the effect of chlorhexidine on osteoblasts as well as on the surface topography of dental implants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MEDLINE-PubMed (The National Library of Medicine, Washington DC) was used as a search engine. Databases were searched from 2010 to 2020 were explored using the following terms: "dental implant surface," "chlorhexidine mouthwash," "osteoblast cells," "osseointegration." From the total hits obtained, each article along with its cross-reference was manually read and filtered based on the focused question. The inclusion criteria included articles published only in English language involving human studies, randomized control trials, in vitro studies, and review articles. Exclusion criteria included studies published in languages other than English, orthodontic mini-implants, and pilot studies. The final process involved scrutinizing for any duplicate content of the hand searched articles. Following this, data was extracted from the compiled hand searched articles to obtain relevant information for the review.
RESULTS
Chlorhexidine alters the surface topography of dental implants and causes cell cytotoxicity. This, in turn, can hinder the re-osseointegration potential and hence cause dental implant failure. It is, therefore, recommended to discourage the use of chlorhexidine as a surface decontaminant for peri-implantitis cases and practice implementing other antimicrobial agents.
Topics: Chlorhexidine; Dental Implants; Humans; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures; Osseointegration; Peri-Implantitis; United States
PubMed: 35377990
DOI: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2021039510 -
Dental Clinics of North America Oct 2022Surface characteristics are an important factor for long-term clinical success of dental implants. Alterations of implant surface characteristics accelerate or improve... (Review)
Review
Surface characteristics are an important factor for long-term clinical success of dental implants. Alterations of implant surface characteristics accelerate or improve osseointegration by interacting with the physiology of bone healing. Dental implant surfaces have been traditionally modified at the microlevel. Recently, researchers have actively investigated nano-modifications in dental implants. This review explores implant surface modifications that enhance biological response at the interface between a bone and the implant.
Topics: Dental Implants; Humans; Osseointegration; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 36216450
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2022.05.009