-
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Aug 2023This scoping review aimed to map the literature on oral hygiene protocols and fluoride use in patients undergoing radiotherapy. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This scoping review aimed to map the literature on oral hygiene protocols and fluoride use in patients undergoing radiotherapy.
STUDY DESIGN
A comprehensive search was performed in 10 databases, including part of the "gray literature." Clinical trials and observational studies that used radiotherapy in the head and neck region and evaluated the occurrence of radiation-related caries (RRC) were included.
RESULTS
Twenty-one studies were included in the review. The studies generally presented different methods of oral care and fluoride use. Several studies have shown promising results for oral care instructions in preventing RRC. The main strategies found in the articles were oral hygiene instructions, professional teeth cleaning, recommendations for the use of fluoride toothpaste, and monthly follow-ups. Fluoride gel was the most commonly used fluoride product (72%). Its main recommendation for use was at least 5 min at night daily. Most of these studies (60%) used custom-made trays. Other fluoride methods were fluoride varnish, mouthrinses, and high-fluoride-containing toothpaste.
CONCLUSION
Oral care, such as hygiene instructions with regular dental follow-up and daily fluoride, seem to be promising strategies for preventing RRC. Periodically monitoring these patients is one of the most important strategies.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides; Cariostatic Agents; Toothpastes; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Dental Caries
PubMed: 37236875
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.02.007 -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene Nov 2021To test the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing the turmeric and licorice extract compared to a control for preventing plaque and gingivitis over a four-month... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To test the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing the turmeric and licorice extract compared to a control for preventing plaque and gingivitis over a four-month period.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Ninety (non-dental) participants with moderate gingival inflammation (≥ 40%) were selected. The triple blind study consisted of two phases, namely at first a 3-week pre-experimental phase of using an oxygenating and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse. Secondly, a 4-month experimental period in which participants were randomly assigned to a test or control group. All were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily for 2 minutes with their assigned dentifrice. Gingival bleeding (BI), plaque (PI) and gingivitis (GI) were assessed.
RESULTS
Eighty participants completed the protocol. At the first assessment in the pre-experimental phase, the mean scores of all indices showed no differences for the two groups. At the second session, the values of all three parameters had decreased significantly (p < 0.001). At the last session, the BI values were 0.52(0.25) for the test group and 0.56(0.25) for the control, the mean GI was 0.27(0.17) for the test group and 0.31(0.16) for the control, and for PI the scores were 1.89(0.46) for the test group and 1.98(0.43) for the control group. Statistical comparison of the scores for the two groups at each stage of the study showed no significant difference for any of the parameters.
CONCLUSION
Within the limits of the current study design, dentifrice formulation and concentration of turmeric/licorice extracts, the results show that the adjuvant effect of the natural ingredients in the test dentifrice was not evident on clinical parameters of gingivitis and plaque.
Topics: Dental Plaque Index; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Gingivitis; Humans; Periodontal Index
PubMed: 33991392
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12517 -
Journal of Oral Science Oct 2023This study analyzed associations of cumulative learning, demographic characteristics, fluoride content, and toothbrush head size with the amount of toothpaste used by...
PURPOSE
This study analyzed associations of cumulative learning, demographic characteristics, fluoride content, and toothbrush head size with the amount of toothpaste used by dental students.
METHODS
Students in the third and fifth year of dental school were recruited. Each participant was asked to dispense three toothpastes (pediatric, regular fluoride, and high fluoride) on five toothbrushes (rotation-oscillation, sonic, manual pediatric, and two manual adult toothbrushes). The length and weight of the toothpaste dispensed were recorded. The data were evaluated by nonparametric correlation analysis (P < 0.05).
RESULTS
Eighty-one students (third year = 42; fifth year = 39; mean age: 26.2 ± 5.3 years) participated in the study. More toothpaste was dispensed by third-year students than by fifth-year students (weight: P = 0.014; length: P = 0.037). Men dispensed more toothpaste than did women (weight: P < 0.001; length: P = 0.042). Participants with higher educational attainment dispensed less toothpaste (weight: P < 0.001; length: P < 0.001). The type of toothbrush was associated with the weight of toothpaste dispensed (P < 0.001). Toothbrush head size was inversely associated with the length of toothpaste dispensed (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The amount of toothpaste used by dental students was associated with cumulative learning, educational attainment, sex, and toothbrush head size but not with the fluoride content of the toothpaste.
Topics: Male; Adult; Humans; Child; Female; Young Adult; Toothpastes; Fluorides; Students, Dental; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 37612066
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0047 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Dec 2023Three-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) has been commonly used for fixed prosthodontic restorations. The opacity of 3Y-TZP may be masked...
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Three-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) has been commonly used for fixed prosthodontic restorations. The opacity of 3Y-TZP may be masked with external staining, although the longevity of extrinsic stains applied to monolithic zirconia is unclear.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this in vitro study was to analyze the color and surface roughness of extrinsically stained zirconia specimens after thermocycling and toothbrushing.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Monolithic Ø12.5×1.25-mm zirconia disks were milled from 3Y-TZP blocks, sintered according to manufacturer instructions, and then divided into 3 groups (C, J, and O; n=16) for application of stain and glaze. All specimens underwent 10 000 thermocycles in distilled water before being further divided into 2 dentifrice groups (n=8): normal grit, low relative dentin abrasivity (RDA) (Subgroup N) and abrasive grit, high RDA (Subgroup A). Specimens were brushed in a multistation brushing machine under 1.47 N of force using a 5:8 toothpaste and distilled water slurry for 10 000 cycles with a straight (American Dental Association Standard) toothbrush to simulate 1 year of toothbrushing. Color and surface roughness measurements were obtained at 3 time points: baseline, after thermocycling, and after brushing. A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to independently assess changes in color and surface roughness with respect to thermocycling and brushing (α=.05).
RESULTS
Group J displayed no significant change in color for either dentifrice system (P>.05). However, a significant change in surface roughness was observed for both dentifrice subgroups (P<.001). Group C specimens displayed significant changes in color (P<.001) and surface roughness (P<.001) for both dentifrice systems. Group O specimens displayed significant changes in color (P<.025) for both dentifrice systems and significant changes in surface roughness (P<.004) for subgroup A, but no significant changes for subgroup N (P=.075).
CONCLUSIONS
Artificial aging of monolithic zirconia resulted in changes in color and surface roughness that did not surpass the thresholds for perceptibility and acceptability. This study failed to establish durability limits for extrinsic stains applied to 3Y-TZP.
Topics: Dentifrices; Coloring Agents; Surface Properties; Materials Testing; Zirconium; Staining and Labeling; Water; Ceramics
PubMed: 37845115
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.008 -
American Journal of Dentistry Aug 2023To compare toothpaste tablets containing 0.243% sodium fluoride and a conventional sodium fluoride dentifrice for gingivitis and plaque control over a 2-week period. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
PURPOSE
To compare toothpaste tablets containing 0.243% sodium fluoride and a conventional sodium fluoride dentifrice for gingivitis and plaque control over a 2-week period.
METHODS
Forty adult participants were randomized into two groups: Toothpaste tablets (Colgate Anywhere Travel Toothpaste Tablets) and conventional dentifrice (Colgate Cavity Protection). A blinded examiner measured the gingival and plaque index at baseline and after 2 weeks. A questionnaire was distributed at the end to determine overall satisfaction of the product used. Statistical analyses were performed separately for the gingival index and plaque index scores. Comparisons of the two treatment groups with respect to baseline and 2-week gingival index and plaque index scores were performed using Mann-Whitney U-test. Within-treatment comparisons of the gingival index and plaque index scores obtained at the 2-week examinations versus baseline were performed using Wilcoxon test.
RESULTS
Both groups had statistically significant improvements in plaque control at the 2-week visit (P< 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups for gingival and plaque index at the 2-week visit (P> 0.05). Overall satisfaction for both products were positive while perception on "texture/foaminess" was more negative for toothpaste tablets (P= 0.001). The results showed that toothpaste tablets' short-term performance on gingivitis and plaque control was equivalent to conventional dentifrice while the " texture/foaminess" of toothpaste tablets was found to be less appealing.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Toothpaste tablets are a relatively new form of toothpaste that can be a viable alternative to conventional dentifrice with the added benefit of an eco-friendly way of maintaining oral hygiene.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Sodium Fluoride; Dentifrices; Toothpastes; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Tablets
PubMed: 37587026
DOI: No ID Found -
Arthritis Care & Research Apr 2022
Topics: Humans; Osteosclerosis; Toothpastes
PubMed: 34057309
DOI: 10.1002/acr.24715 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2021This study identified charcoal-based dentifrices and abrasive powders sold in Brazil and analyzed their label information. The products were searched in four online... (Review)
Review
This study identified charcoal-based dentifrices and abrasive powders sold in Brazil and analyzed their label information. The products were searched in four online shopping platforms. The same products were searched on Instagram and their engagement metrics were investigated. Furthermore, a literature review of international publications assessing charcoal dentifrices and powders was conducted, and altmetrics were collected (Altmetric and PlumX). Thirty-six products were found with prices between $0.4-22 USD. Most frequent words in product description were sodium, stain, whitening, oil, xylitol, and coconut. Only 3 products contained fluoride. Bactericidal, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities were indicated, in addition to non-scientific claims such as calming teeth or increasing oral immunity. In total, 72% of products had Instagram profiles, which generally showed low engagement rates (81%) and medium audience quality scores (65%). Twenty-two articles were found in the literature, from which 21 were in vitro studies. The single clinical study was sponsored by a charcoal product and had no control group. In total, 23% of studies showed positive results and 55% reported negative results for the charcoal products, which included no whitening ability, increased roughness, surface alterations, and lower demineralization prevention ability. Altmetric scores for the included articles varied from 0 to 55, with 40.9% of studies mentioned online. In conclusion, charcoal-based products are using marketing strategies on Instagram but their current engagement with the public is not high. Consumers are being exposed to charcoal products whose potential risks to health are still unknown.
Topics: Brazil; Charcoal; Dentifrices; Humans; Powders
PubMed: 34614064
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104233 -
BMC Oral Health May 2023To assess the anti-plaque effect of a high concentration sodium bicarbonate dentifrice on plaque formation, and gingivitis, as compared to a control toothpaste,... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The anti-plaque effect of high concentration sodium bicarbonate dentifrice on plaque formation and gingival inflammation, irrespective to individual polishing technique and plaque quality.
AIM
To assess the anti-plaque effect of a high concentration sodium bicarbonate dentifrice on plaque formation, and gingivitis, as compared to a control toothpaste, irrespective of individual brushing technique and plaque quality.
METHODS
The experimental gingivitis model, with a split-mouth design was used to assess the anti-plaque effect of a high concentration sodium bicarbonate dentifrice on plaque formation. By producing individual fitted trays, the toothpaste was applied in the test quadrant and a control dentifrice in the contralateral. The participants used the individual fitted trays for 1 min every morning and evening, for 21 days. In this period, the participants was only allowed to brush the teeth in the opposite jaw, as usual. Twenty healthy individuals successfully completed the study.
RESULTS
At 21 days, there was no statistically significant difference between test quadrant and control quadrant with regard to plaque indices, gingival index and number of bleeding sites.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that the high concentration sodium bicarbonate dentifrice used did not produce statistically significant anti-plaque effect compared to the control dentifrice, in terms of Plaque- and Gingival Indices, number of bleeding sites or by Quigely and Hein, the Turesky modification Plaque Index, irrespective of brushing technique and individual plaque quality.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Regional Committee for Medical Research and Ethics, South-East Norway in 2021 (REK.2021/370116).
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT05441371 (First registered 09/06/2022, First posted 01/07/2022) ( http://www.
CLINICALTRIALS
gov ). (Retrospectively registered).
Topics: Humans; Bicarbonates; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Gingivitis; Inflammation; Sodium Bicarbonate; Toothpastes
PubMed: 37170260
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03005-y -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Feb 2022Denture stomatitis is a prevalent condition in denture wearers. Economic evaluations of health care can help stakeholders, including patients, make better decisions...
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Denture stomatitis is a prevalent condition in denture wearers. Economic evaluations of health care can help stakeholders, including patients, make better decisions about treatments for a given condition. Economic models to assess the costs and benefits of different options for managing denture stomatitis are lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of developing a cost-effectiveness model to assess denture cleaning strategies aimed at preventing denture stomatitis from a denture-wearer perspective in the United Kingdom.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A model was developed to identify and estimate the costs and effects associated with 3 denture cleaning strategies. These were low care (LC)-cleaning by brushing and soaking overnight in water; medium care (MC)-brushing with toothpaste and soaking overnight in water; and optimum care (OC)-brushing and soaking overnight in water and antimicrobial denture cleanser. Costs, outcome measures (denture stomatitis-free days), and probabilities (incidence of stomatitis, unscheduled dentist visits, prescription charges, self-medication) associated with each strategy were defined. A sensitivity analysis was used to identify key drivers and test the robustness of the model.
RESULTS
The model showed that the total costs for 2015 ranged from £1.07 (LC) to £18.42 (OC). Costs associated with LC were derived from unscheduled dentist visits and use of medication and/or prescription charges. Incremental costs per denture stomatitis-free day were £0.64 (MC) and £1.81 (OC) compared with LC. A sensitivity analysis showed that varying either or both key parameters (baseline incidence of denture stomatitis and relative effectiveness of MC and OC strategies) had a substantial effect. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from £4.11 to £7.39 (worst-case scenario) and from £0.21 to £0.61 (best-case scenario).
CONCLUSIONS
A model was developed to assess the relative cost-effectiveness of different denture cleaning strategies to help improve denture hygiene. An important finding of the study was the lack of evidence on the relative effectiveness of different cleaning strategies, meaning that several assumptions had to be incorporated into the model. The model output would therefore likely be considerably improved and more robust if these evidence gaps were filled.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Denture Cleansers; Dentures; Humans; Oral Hygiene; Stomatitis, Denture; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes
PubMed: 34895901
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.10.022 -
Caries Research 2022Fluoride chemically soluble in toothpaste is an indicator of fluoride bioavailability when the teeth are brushed, and the same should be expected systemically when...
Fluoride chemically soluble in toothpaste is an indicator of fluoride bioavailability when the teeth are brushed, and the same should be expected systemically when toothpaste is ingested. A 4-phases study was conducted, in which 8 participants were subjected in each phase to one of the assigned treatment groups: group I: fresh sample of a Na2FPO3/CaCO3 toothpaste with 1,334 μg F/g of total soluble fluoride (TSF) and groups II-IV: aged samples of toothpaste presenting TSF concentrations of 1,128, 808, and 687 μg F/g, respectively. In all phases, the participants ingested an amount of toothpaste equivalent to 70.0 μg F/kg body weight, as total fluoride (TF). Blood was collected before (baseline) and up to 180 min after toothpaste ingestion as indicator of fluoride bioavailability. Total urine (24 h before and 24 h after ingestion) was collected as indicator of absorbed fluoride that was excreted. F concentration in blood plasma and urine was determined with a fluoride ion-specific electrode. The areas under the curve (AUC) of F concentration versus time (AUC = ng F/mL × min) and the peaks of fluoride concentration in blood plasma (Cmax) were calculated. The net amount of fluoride excreted (mg/day) was calculated by subtraction. A significant correlation of the amount (mg) of TSF ingested was found between the AUC (r = 0.76; p < 0.01) and Cmax (r = 0.86; p < 0.01) in plasma, and the fluoride excreted (r = 0.65; p < 0.01). For TF, no statistical correlations were found (p > 0.05). Data suggest that the concentration of TSF found in Na2FPO3/CaCO3-based toothpastes is a useful predictor of how much fluoride will be systemically bioavailable when this type of formulation is ingested.
Topics: Aged; Biological Availability; Body Weight; Calcium Carbonate; Fluorides; Humans; Toothpastes
PubMed: 34814135
DOI: 10.1159/000521068