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British Journal of Anaesthesia Jul 2019
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Skin Tests
PubMed: 30982563
DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.03.010 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jul 2019
Topics: Biostatistics; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Sample Size
PubMed: 30986555
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.04.011 -
Korean Journal of Radiology Mar 2022
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Clinical Biochemistry Nov 2023The clinical utility of a diagnostic test refers to its usefulness in improving patient outcomes, informing clinical decision-making, and optimizing healthcare... (Review)
Review
The clinical utility of a diagnostic test refers to its usefulness in improving patient outcomes, informing clinical decision-making, and optimizing healthcare resources. A diagnostic test with high clinical utility provides accurate, reliable, and actionable information that can guide appropriate treatment decisions, monitor treatment response, and identify potential adverse events or complications. Ultimately, the clinical utility of a diagnostic test depends on how well it can improve patient outcomes by guiding appropriate treatment decisions, improving clinical outcomes, and optimizing healthcare resource utilization. Healthcare providers need to weigh the benefits and drawbacks of using a particular diagnostic test in their clinical practice to determine its clinical utility.
Topics: Humans; Clinical Decision-Making; Diagnostic Tests, Routine
PubMed: 37802380
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110656 -
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Oct 2020Fast and widespread diagnosis is crucial to fighting against the outbreak of COVID-19. This work surveys the landscape of available and emerging biosensor technologies... (Review)
Review
Fast and widespread diagnosis is crucial to fighting against the outbreak of COVID-19. This work surveys the landscape of available and emerging biosensor technologies for COVID-19 testing. Molecular diagnostic assays based on quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction are used in most clinical laboratories. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed testing capacity and motivated the development of fast point-of-care tests and the adoption of isothermal DNA amplification. Antigenic and serological rapid tests based on lateral-flow immunoassays suffer from low sensitivity. Advanced digital systems enhance performance at the expense of speed and the need for large equipment. Emerging technologies, including CRISPR gene-editing tools, benefit from high sensitivity and specificity of molecular diagnostics and the easy use of lateral-flow assays. DNA sequencing and sample pooling strategies are highlighted to bring out the full capacity of the available biosensor technologies and accelerate mass testing.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; Biosensing Techniques; COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Coronavirus Infections; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Immunoassay; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32367615
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000250 -
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese... Jul 2020Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a test method performed on the sampling site or patient bedside. Accurate results can be achieved rapidly by the application of portable... (Review)
Review
Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a test method performed on the sampling site or patient bedside. Accurate results can be achieved rapidly by the application of portable analytical instruments and compatible reagents. It has been widely used in the field of in vitro diagnosis (IVD). Paper-based microfluidics technology has great potential in developing POCT due to its advantages in low cost, simple operation, rapid detection, portable equipment, and unrestricted application conditions. In recent years, the development of paper-based microfluidic technology and its integration with various new technologies and methods have promoted the substantial development of POCT technology and methods. The classification and characteristic of the paper are summarized in this review. Paper-based microfluidic sample pretreatment methods, the flow control in the process of reaction and the signal detecting and analyzing methods for the testing results are introduced. The research progress of various kinds of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) toward POCT in recent years is reviewed. Finally, remaining problems and the future prospects in POCT application of paper-based microfluidics are discussed.
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; Paper; Point-of-Care Testing
PubMed: 32748586
DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.190518 -
MMW Fortschritte Der Medizin Nov 2020
Review
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Neoplasms; Primary Health Care; Weight Loss
PubMed: 33164179
DOI: 10.1007/s15006-020-4544-z -
Malaria Journal Sep 2020Microscopy performed on stained films of peripheral blood for detection, identification and quantification of malaria parasites is an essential reference standard for... (Review)
Review
Microscopy performed on stained films of peripheral blood for detection, identification and quantification of malaria parasites is an essential reference standard for clinical trials of drugs, vaccines and diagnostic tests for malaria. The value of data from such research is greatly enhanced if this reference standard is consistent across time and geography. Adherence to common standards and practices is a prerequisite to achieve this. The rationale for proposed research standards and procedures for the preparation, staining and microscopic examination of blood films for malaria parasites is presented here with the aim of improving the consistency and reliability of malaria microscopy performed in such studies. These standards constitute the core of a quality management system for clinical research studies employing microscopy as a reference standard. They can be used as the basis for the design of training and proficiency testing programmes as well as for procedures and quality assurance of malaria microscopy in clinical research.
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Laboratory Proficiency Testing; Malaria; Microscopy; Quality Control; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Staining and Labeling
PubMed: 32887612
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03352-z -
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory... Feb 2023Some laboratory testing practices may be of low value, leading to wasted resources and potential patient harm. Our scoping review investigated factors and processes... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Some laboratory testing practices may be of low value, leading to wasted resources and potential patient harm. Our scoping review investigated factors and processes that developers report using to inform decisions about what tests to target for practice improvement.
METHODS
We searched Medline on May 30th, 2019 and June 28th, 2021 and included guidelines, recommendation statements, or empirical studies related to test ordering practices. Studies were included if they were conducted in a tertiary care setting, reported making a choice about a specific test requiring intervention, and reported at least one factor informing that choice. We extracted descriptive details, tests chosen, processes used to make the choice, and factors guiding test choice.
RESULTS
From 114 eligible studies, we identified 30 factors related to test choice including clinical value, cost, prevalence of test, quality of test, and actionability of test results. We identified nine different processes used to inform decisions regarding where to spend intervention resources.
CONCLUSIONS
Intervention developers face difficult choices when deciding where to put scarce resources intended to improve test utilization. Factors and processes identified here can be used to inform a framework to help intervention developers make choices relevant to improving testing practices.
Topics: Humans; Laboratories, Hospital; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Clinical Relevance
PubMed: 36410390
DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0910 -
Journal of the American Podiatric... Nov 2020To date, scientific literature has not as yet come up with any review showing the diagnostic tests used for functional assessment of the foot and leg. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
To date, scientific literature has not as yet come up with any review showing the diagnostic tests used for functional assessment of the foot and leg.
METHODS
A literature review was conducted of electronic databases (MEDLINE, PEDro, DOAJ, BioMed Central, PLOS, and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination at the University of York) up to December 8, 2018. The biomechanical tests, which have adequate supportive literature, were divided into qualitative tests that provide a dichotomy/trichotomy-type answer to clinical diagnostic questions; semiquantitative tests that provide numerical data to clinical diagnostic questions; and quantitative tests that record continuous numerical data (in analogue or digital form).
RESULTS
These tests produce a useful functional evaluation model of the foot and leg for different purposes: evaluation of lower limb deficits or abnormalities in healthy patients and in athletes (in sports or other physical activities); assessment of tissue stress syndromes caused by pathomechanics; evaluation of lower limb deficits or abnormalities in rheumatic disease and diabetic foot patients; and to determine the appropriate functional or semifunctional foot orthotic therapy and therapeutic path used in gait rehabilitation.
CONCLUSIONS
Many of these tests have adequate diagnostic reliability and reproducibility and therefore can be considered diagnostic. Few of these are validated, and some have initiated the validation process by determining their sensitivity and specificity. The widespread use of these tools in clinical practice (diagnosis of function) lacks scientific evidence and in-depth analysis of their limitations.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Foot; Foot Deformities; Gait; Humans; Leg; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 33151303
DOI: 10.7547/19-040