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Annals of Palliative Medicine Apr 2021Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was initially reported in December 2019, and since then it has become a pandemic with newly confirmed cases and deaths increasing... (Review)
Review
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was initially reported in December 2019, and since then it has become a pandemic with newly confirmed cases and deaths increasing continuously. The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted the organization and execution of activities in the clinical sector. Asymptomatic infections are increasingly being identified when patients seek medical advice for non-respiratory system illnesses, particularly digestive system symptoms. This has posed a significant challenge for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Based on the clinical symptoms of patients with COVID-19 reported to date, patients with typical clinical symptoms of COVID-19 may also present with symptoms associated with the digestive system. Digestive illness symptoms in patients with COVID-19 are underscored by a bidirectional relationship between respiratory and digestive systems. Because the clinical diagnosis and treatment of digestive illnesses caused by COVID-19 have been challenging so far, we hypothesized that investigating the pathogenesis of digestive system diseases in patients with COVID-19 will provide potential novel targets for its prevention and treatment, and concurrently reduce COVID-19 virulence and socio-sanitary burden. This review summarizes the relationship between the digestive and respiratory systems in patients with COVID-19 from the perspective of the "gut-lung" axis. We discuss extant literature on the pathogenesis of COVID-19-related digestive symptoms, which may facilitate differential diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Topics: COVID-19; Digestive System Diseases; Humans; Lung; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33832321
DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-2124 -
Journal of Molecular Histology Oct 2020Hepatic diseases include all diseases that occur in the liver, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. Hepatic diseases worldwide are... (Review)
Review
Hepatic diseases include all diseases that occur in the liver, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. Hepatic diseases worldwide are characterized by high incidences of digestive system diseases, which present with subtle symptoms, are difficult to treat and have high mortality. Galectins are β-galactoside-binding proteins that have been found to be aberrantly expressed during hepatic disease progression. An increasing number of studies have shown that abnormal expression of galectins is extensively involved in hepatic diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver cirrhosis, hepatitis and liver fibrosis. Galectins function as intracellular and extracellular hepatic disease regulators mainly through the binding of their carbohydrate recognition domain to glycoconjugates expressed in hepatocytes. In this review, we summarize current research on the various roles of galectins in cirrhosis, hepatitis, liver fibrosis and HCC, which may provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the exploration of new targets for the treatment of hepatic diseases.
Topics: Animals; Disease Susceptibility; Galectins; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Immunomodulation; Liver Diseases; Multigene Family; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 32734557
DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09898-1 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... May 2020The purpose of this rapid review is to provide an update on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on Gastroenterology and Hepatology departments, our patients, and our new... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this rapid review is to provide an update on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on Gastroenterology and Hepatology departments, our patients, and our new way of working. The gastrointestinal tract and the liver are affected by SARS-CoV-2, especially in patients with immunosuppressive therapies. Patients with liver transplantation should be followed closely. Digestive endoscopy is a high-risk procedure for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. While the pandemic lasts, we must adapt its indications and promote protective measures for patients and healthcare professionals alike. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed our priorities and the way we work, although we do not know what the repercussions will be after normality is reinstated.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Digestive System; Digestive System Diseases; Disease Transmission, Infectious; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infection Control; Liver Transplantation; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32338017
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.7128/2020 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Jan 2020At the beginning of 2020 it is our pleasure to inform our readers about the changes in structure and future projects this journal will undertake. First of all, we wish...
At the beginning of 2020 it is our pleasure to inform our readers about the changes in structure and future projects this journal will undertake. First of all, we wish to thank The National and International Editorial Committee, as well as the journal reviewers, for their enthusiasm, dedication, and scientific rigor in their silent and behind-the-scenes task of improving the quality of the published materials.
Topics: Digestive System Diseases; Editorial Policies; Humans; Journal Impact Factor; Periodicals as Topic; Spain
PubMed: 31830794
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2019.6758/2019 -
Endoscopy Aug 2019
Topics: Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Digestive System Diseases; Drainage; Endosonography; Humans; Stents; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 31344732
DOI: 10.1055/a-0942-9493 -
Journal of Clinical Virology : the... Jul 2020There is an increasing number of confirmed cases and deaths caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contributing to the Coronavirus... (Review)
Review
There is an increasing number of confirmed cases and deaths caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contributing to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. At this point, the need for further disease characterization is critical. COVID-19 is well established as a respiratory tract pathogen; however, recent studies have shown an increasing number of patients reporting gastrointestinal manifestations such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The time from onset of gastrointestinal symptoms to hospital presentation is often delayed compared to that of respiratory symptoms. It has been noted that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in fecal matter for an extended period of time, even after respiratory samples have tested negative and patients are asymptomatic. In this article, SARS-CoV-2 and its disease COVID-19 will be reviewed with consideration of the latest literature about gastrointestinal symptomatology, the mechanisms by which the virus may inflict damage, and the possibility of viral replication contributing to a fecal-oral route of transmission.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Diarrhea; Digestive System Diseases; Feces; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Liver; Oxygen; Pancreas; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Respiration, Artificial; SARS-CoV-2; Virus Replication; Vomiting
PubMed: 32388469
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104386 -
Expert Review of Gastroenterology &... Mar 2023This review summarizes and analyzes the abnormal expression and mechanism of S100A16 in digestive system diseases, which is expected to provide new ideas and methods for... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
This review summarizes and analyzes the abnormal expression and mechanism of S100A16 in digestive system diseases, which is expected to provide new ideas and methods for adjuvant treatment and prognosis evaluation of digestive system diseases.
AREAS COVERED
Based on original publications found in database systems (PubMed, Cochrane), we introduce the mechanism and research progress of S100A16 in digestive system tumors, inflammatory bowel disease and fatty liver.
EXPERT OPINION
S100A16 is closely related to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of digestive system tumor cells. Further, it plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease and fatty liver.
Topics: Humans; S100 Proteins; Prognosis; Digestive System Diseases; Fatty Liver
PubMed: 36718596
DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2174968 -
BioMed Research International 2021Exosomes are vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm produced by living cells and secreted into the extracellular matrix. Exosomes mediate cellular communication by... (Review)
Review
Exosomes are vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm produced by living cells and secreted into the extracellular matrix. Exosomes mediate cellular communication by carrying active molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and liposomes. Although exosomes are found in various body fluids, little is known about bile-derived exosomes. This review is the first to summarize the methods of bile storage and isolation of biliary exosomes, highlighting the roles of bile-derived exosomes, especially exosomal noncoding RNAs, in physiological and disease states and discussing their potential clinical applications.
Topics: Bile; Biomarkers; Digestive System Diseases; Exosomes; Humans
PubMed: 33511212
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8743409 -
Biomolecules Nov 2021Ferroptosis, a newly described type of iron-dependent programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death, is involved in... (Review)
Review
Ferroptosis, a newly described type of iron-dependent programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death, is involved in lipid peroxidation (LP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Accumulating evidence has highlighted vital roles for ferroptosis in multiple diseases, including acute kidney injury, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, ferroptosis has become one of the research hotspots for disease treatment and attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review mainly summarizes the relationship between ferroptosis and various diseases classified by the system, including the urinary system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system. In addition, the role and molecular mechanism of multiple inhibitors and inducers for ferroptosis are further elucidated. A deeper understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and multiple diseases may provide new strategies for researching diseases and drug development based on ferroptosis.
Topics: Digestive System Diseases; Ferroptosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Regulatory Networks; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Nervous System Diseases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Urologic Diseases
PubMed: 34944434
DOI: 10.3390/biom11121790 -
Journal of Hepatology Jan 2024Gastrointestinal endoscopy has long been a reliable backbone in the diagnosis and management of hepatobilary disorders and their complications. However, with evolving... (Review)
Review
Gastrointestinal endoscopy has long been a reliable backbone in the diagnosis and management of hepatobilary disorders and their complications. However, with evolving non-invasive testing, personalised medicine has reframed the utility and necessity of endoscopic screening. Conversely, the growing interest and use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and advanced endoscopy within gastrointestinal units has also opened novel diagnostic and therapeutic avenues for patients with various hepatobiliary diseases. The integration of "advanced endoscopy" within the practice of hepatology is nowadays referred to as "endo-hepatology". In essence, endo-hepatology consists of two pillars: one focusing primarily on disorders of the liver parenchyma, vascular disorders, and portal hypertension, which is mainly captured via EUS, while the other targets the hepatobiliary tract via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and advanced imaging. Applications under the umbrella of endo-hepatology include, amongst others, EUS-guided liver biopsy, EUS-guided portal pressure gradient measurement, coil and glue embolisation of gastric varices as well as cholangioscopy. As such endo-hepatology could become an attractive concept wherein advanced endoscopy might reinforce the medical management of patients with hepatobiliary disorders and their complications after initial basic work-up. In this review, we discuss current trends and future developments within endo-hepatology and the remaining hurdles to overcome.
Topics: Humans; Gastroenterology; Hypertension, Portal; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Digestive System Diseases; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
PubMed: 37730125
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.08.032