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Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Feb 2021The brain is the command center for the mammalian nervous system and an organ with enormous structural complexity. Protected within the skull, the brain consists of an...
The brain is the command center for the mammalian nervous system and an organ with enormous structural complexity. Protected within the skull, the brain consists of an outer covering of grey matter over the hemispheres known as the cerebral cortex. Underneath this layer reside many other specialized structures that are essential for multiple phenomenon important for existence. Acquiring samples of specific gross brain regions requires quick and precise dissection steps. It is understood that at the microscopic level, many sub-regions exist and likely cross the arbitrary regional boundaries that we impose for the purpose of this dissection. Mouse models are routinely used to study human brain functions and diseases. Changes in gene expression patterns may be confined to specific brain areas targeting a particular phenotype depending on the diseased state. Thus, it is of great importance to study regulation of transcription with respect to its well-defined structural organization. A complete understanding of the brain requires studying distinct brain regions, defining connections, and identifying key differences in the activities of each of these brain regions. A more comprehensive understanding of each of these distinct regions may pave the way for new and improved treatments in the field of neuroscience. Herein, we discuss a step-by-step methodology for dissecting the mouse brain into sixteen distinct regions. In this procedure, we have focused on male mouse C57Bl/6J (6-8 week old) brain removal and dissection into multiple regions using neuroanatomical landmarks to identify and sample discrete functionally-relevant and behaviorally-relevant brain regions. This work will help lay a strong foundation in the field of neuroscience, leading to more focused approaches in the deeper understanding of brain function.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdissection; Mice
PubMed: 33645582
DOI: 10.3791/61941 -
Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North... Feb 2021"Subperichondrial-subperiosteal dissection technique (SSDT) decreases soft tissue injury to a minimum by protecting soft tissues from dissection and retraction traumas.... (Review)
Review
"Subperichondrial-subperiosteal dissection technique (SSDT) decreases soft tissue injury to a minimum by protecting soft tissues from dissection and retraction traumas. The fact remains that dissecting the perichondrium of the nasal tip cartilages is not effortless. Cartilages may be harmed if dissection is not initiated at the right location. The aforementioned surgeons have routinely used the SSDT between the years 2008 and 2019 in more than 4000 rhinoplasties. The number of the surgeons making use of the SSDT will increase with the understanding of the key points in dissection, their ordering, and use of correct instrumentation."
Topics: Dissection; Humans; Nasal Cartilages; Nasal Septum; Periosteum; Rhinoplasty
PubMed: 33220842
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2020.09.002 -
European Heart Journal Nov 2020
Topics: Aortic Dissection; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Cohort Studies; Dissection; Female; Humans; Pregnancy
PubMed: 33295620
DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa754 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Jan 2020Facial nerve injury is one of the most feared complications in surgical rejuvenation of the aging face. Understanding the three-dimensional architecture of the facial...
Facial nerve injury is one of the most feared complications in surgical rejuvenation of the aging face. Understanding the three-dimensional architecture of the facial soft tissue, the fascial planes that exist within this architectural arrangement, and the danger zones where the facial nerve is situated superficial and adjacent to the planes of dissection commonly used in face-lift techniques, are the keys to safety in preventing motor branch injury. The two-dimensional branching patterns of the marginal and cervical branches of the facial nerve are variable, making it difficult to ascertain exact nerve location when dissecting within the cheek and neck. On a three-dimensional basis, the position and depth of the marginal and cervical branches are constant and predictable. Understanding the three-dimensional anatomy in terms of planes of dissection, and the danger zones where these nerve branches are vulnerable to injury, provides protection against iatrogenic injury when performing surgical rejuvenation of the aging face. These video vignettes provide an overview of the fascial anatomy of the cheek in relation to the facial nerve branches and delineate the regions of the face in which nerve branches are most likely to be injured. Methods to prevent injury are discussed. Furthermore, the vignette defines these danger zones and delineates methods to protect the nerve branches.
Topics: Cheek; Dissection; Facial Nerve; Facial Nerve Injuries; Fascia; Humans; Rhytidoplasty
PubMed: 31881610
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000006401 -
Chest Aug 2021
Topics: Anatomy; Cadaver; Dissection; Humans; Students, Medical
PubMed: 34366035
DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.02.054 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2022The purpose of this article is to form a basic guide for beginning the cadaver dissection training programs focused on oculoplastic surgical procedures. Ours was a... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this article is to form a basic guide for beginning the cadaver dissection training programs focused on oculoplastic surgical procedures. Ours was a collaborative study between the departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy in a tertiary care teaching institute. We formed a step-wise approach to begin the cadaver dissection focused on the oculoplastic surgical procedures. The basics of cadaver procurement, processing, and preparation for dissections were described. The operative requirements of trainees, surgical handling of cadavers, and basic oculoplastic surgical steps were discussed. The types of embalming (cadaver preservation process) and steps have been described in detail. We have emphasized the preoperative discussion about the proposed dissections using standard teachings and skull models for easier understanding. Additional helping tools like soft embalming and injectable substances for better intra-dissection understanding (intra-arterial, intravenous and orbital injections) have been described. Post-dissection cadaver handing and soft-tissue disposal protocols have also been described. Overall, the cadaver dissections provide holistic surgical learning for the residents, specialty trainees, and practitioners. This article may act as a basic step-wise guide for starting the cadaver-based oculoplastics lab dissection in various institutes and workshops.
Topics: Cadaver; Dissection; Embalming; Humans; Learning
PubMed: 36018092
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_3037_21 -
Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.) Jul 2021
Topics: Anatomy; Barber Surgeons; Cadaver; Dissection; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; Humans; Military Health; Spain
PubMed: 34019716
DOI: 10.1002/ca.23759 -
Surgical Technology International Nov 2019When Jacques and Pierre Curie first researched ultrasonic energy and piezoelectric effects in the 1880s, they likely had no idea of the profound impact it would... (Review)
Review
When Jacques and Pierre Curie first researched ultrasonic energy and piezoelectric effects in the 1880s, they likely had no idea of the profound impact it would eventually have on surgical patients. Today in operating rooms around the world, ultrasonic energy is used for tissue manipulation, dissection, cutting, and coagulation. Surgeons including but not limited to the specialties of gynecology, general surgery, colorectal, thoracic, breast, and bariatric have activated ultrasonic energy in thousands of patients. As a mainstay surgical energy device, patients have benefited from the ultrasonic versatility of its cutting and coagulating effects. The ability of ultrasonic energy to be used near vital organs with precision by adjusting for tissue tension, power settings, and activation time has accounted for its safety and clinical outcomes. This overview of the mechanics of ultrasonic energy and the evolution of the HARMONIC® (UltraCision, Providence, Rhode Island, now owned by Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio) surgical tools since 1988 provides readers an understanding of this energy platform and its distinct advantages. Clinical implications of key research and clinical studies are explored and discussed with a focus on patient and surgical outcomes. Research in a variety of fields and tissues is presented with a special emphasis on the gynecological patient.
Topics: Dissection; Humans; Surgical Instruments; Ultrasonic Therapy
PubMed: 31694060
DOI: No ID Found -
Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North... Aug 2020The various rhytidectomy techniques share a common goal of safe repositioning of the facial soft tissues with a lasting effect. This article reviews rhytidectomy... (Review)
Review
The various rhytidectomy techniques share a common goal of safe repositioning of the facial soft tissues with a lasting effect. This article reviews rhytidectomy approaches and the current methods and practice patterns of the senior author. It includes a discussion of the extended sub-superficial musculoaponeurotic system rhytidectomy technique, which, in the opinion of the senior author, offers the best result with respect to neck rhytids, cervicomental angle and jawline definition, and improvement of jowling. With its ability to be readily coupled with a deep plane dissection, when indicated, this technique becomes indispensable in the facial plastic surgeon's armamentarium.
Topics: Dissection; Face; Humans; Neck; Rhytidoplasty; Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 32503716
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2020.03.007 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2024In rheumatological studies, visualization of Ca dynamics in intact cells as direct experimental evidence of Ca-dependent signal pathways is generally used to monitor the...
In rheumatological studies, visualization of Ca dynamics in intact cells as direct experimental evidence of Ca-dependent signal pathways is generally used to monitor the function of immune cells at first glance. Ability to monitor Ca signaling in living cells would greatly facilitate advances in the functional dissection of immune cells. In this chapter, we describe a basic technique and methods of data analysis for single-cell real-time Ca monitoring using Fluo-4 labeling, which is a single-wavelength Ca indicator.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Data Analysis; Dissection; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38270879
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3682-4_20