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Advances in Colloid and Interface... May 2023Given their unique characteristics and properties, Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanomaterials and nanocomposites have been used in diverse advanced catalytic technologies and in... (Review)
Review
Given their unique characteristics and properties, Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanomaterials and nanocomposites have been used in diverse advanced catalytic technologies and in the field of biomedicine, such as drug and protein carriers. This paper examines the structure and properties of the manufactured HAp as well as a variety of synthesis methods, including hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, co-precipitation, sol-gel, and solid-state approaches. Additionally, the benefits and drawbacks of various synthesis techniques and ways to get around them to spur more research are also covered. This literature discusses the various applications, including photocatalytic degradation, adsorptions, and protein and drug carriers. The photocatalytic activity is mainly focused on single-phase, doped-phase, and multi-phase HAp, while the adsorption of dyes, heavy metals, and emerging pollutants by HAp are discussed in the manuscript. Furthermore, the use of HAp in treating bone disorders, drug carriers, and protein carriers is also conferred. In light of this, the development of HAp-based nanocomposites will inspire the next generation of chemists to improve upon and create stable nanoparticles and nanocomposites capable of successfully addressing major environmental concerns. This overview's conclusion offers potential directions for future study into HAp synthesis and its numerous applications.
Topics: Durapatite; Drug Carriers; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Environmental Restoration and Remediation
PubMed: 37054653
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102890 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Sep 2023Lasers and devices are used to enhance transcutaneous delivery of fillers. However, little has been published on the histologic findings of this form of...
BACKGROUND
Lasers and devices are used to enhance transcutaneous delivery of fillers. However, little has been published on the histologic findings of this form of laser/device-assisted delivery to determine the optimal devices and fillers.
OBJECTIVE
To objectively evaluate the histological effects of laser-assisted and device-assisted filler delivery.
METHODS
Ex vivo human abdominoplasty skin samples were treated with fractional CO 2 laser (ECO 2 , 120 μm tip, 120 mJ), fractional radiofrequency microneedling (FRMN, Genius, 1.5 mm, 20 mJ/pin), and microneedling (2.0 mm). Immediately after poly- l -lactic acid (PLLA), hyaluronic acid gel, calcium hydroxylapatite, and black tissue marking dye were topically applied. After treatment, biopsies were collected for histologic evaluation.
RESULTS
Histology revealed that PLLA and black dye were found in greatest abundance, hyaluronic acid was found to a lesser extent, and calcium hydroxylapatite was least found within channels created by fractional CO 2 laser. Microneedling was effective only at delivering black dye, whereas FRMN failed to show significant channel formation or delivery of the studied products.
CONCLUSION
Among the devices and fillers studied, fractional CO 2 laser and PLLA proved to be the most effective combination for laser/device-assisted filler delivery. Neither microneedling nor FRMN was effective as devices to enhance filler delivery.
Topics: Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Durapatite; Skin; Light; Lasers, Gas
PubMed: 37389474
DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003870 -
International Journal of Biological... Dec 2022Globally, people suffering from bone disorders are steadily increasing and bone tissue engineering is an advanced approach to treating fractured and defected bone...
Globally, people suffering from bone disorders are steadily increasing and bone tissue engineering is an advanced approach to treating fractured and defected bone tissues. In this study, we have prepared polymeric nanocomposite by free-radical polymerization from sodium alginate, hydroxyapatite, and silica with different GO amounts. The porous scaffolds were fabricated using the freeze drying technique. The structural, morphological, mechanical, and wetting investigation was conducted by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, universal tensile machine, and water contact angle characterization techniques. The swelling, biodegradation, and water retention were also studied. The biological studies were performed (cell viability, cell adherence, proliferation, and mineralization) against osteoblast cell lines. Scaffolds have exhibited different pore morphology SAG-1 (pore size = 414.61 ± 56 μm and porosity = 81.45 ± 2.17 %) and SAG-4 (pore size = 195.97 ± 82 μm and porosity = 53.82 ± 2.45 %). They have different mechanical behavior as SAG-1 has the least compression strength and compression modulus 2.14 ± 2.35 and 16.51 ± 1.27 MPa. However, SAG-4 has maximum compression strength and compression modulus 13.67 ± 2.63 and 96.16 ± 1.97 MPa with wetting behavior 80.70° and 58.70°, respectively. Similarly, SAG-1 exhibited the least and SAG-4 presented maximum apatite mineral formation, cell adherence, cell viability, and cell proliferation against mouse pre-osteoblast cell lines. The increased GO amount provides different multifunctional materials with different characteristics. Hence, the fabricated scaffolds could be potential scaffold materials to treat and regenerate fracture bone tissues in bone tissue engineering.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Tissue Engineering; Silicon Dioxide; Tissue Scaffolds; Alginates; Bone and Bones; Durapatite; Porosity; Water; Biocompatible Materials
PubMed: 36155784
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.153 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023The natural healing process of bone is impaired in the presence of tumors, trauma, or inflammation, necessitating external assistance for bone regeneration. The... (Review)
Review
The natural healing process of bone is impaired in the presence of tumors, trauma, or inflammation, necessitating external assistance for bone regeneration. The limitations of autologous/allogeneic bone grafting are still being discovered as research progresses. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is now a crucial component of treating bone injuries and actively works to promote vascularization, a crucial stage in bone repair. A biomaterial with hydroxyapatite (HA), which resembles the mineral makeup of invertebrate bones and teeth, has demonstrated high osteoconductivity, bioactivity, and biocompatibility. However, due to its brittleness and porosity, which restrict its application, scientists have been prompted to explore ways to improve its properties by mixing it with other materials, modifying its structural composition, improving fabrication techniques and growth factor loading, and co-cultivating bone regrowth cells to stimulate vascularization. This review scrutinizes the latest five-year research on HA composite studies aimed at amplifying vascularization in bone regeneration.
Topics: Durapatite; Biomedical Engineering; Tissue Engineering; Bone and Bones; Biocompatible Materials; Bone Regeneration; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 37569875
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512492 -
International Journal of Oral Science Dec 2023Ameloblasts are specialized cells derived from the dental epithelium that produce enamel, a hierarchically structured tissue comprised of highly elongated...
Ameloblasts are specialized cells derived from the dental epithelium that produce enamel, a hierarchically structured tissue comprised of highly elongated hydroxylapatite (OHAp) crystallites. The unique function of the epithelial cells synthesizing crystallites and assembling them in a mechanically robust structure is not fully elucidated yet, partly due to limitations with in vitro experimental models. Herein, we demonstrate the ability to generate mineralizing dental epithelial organoids (DEOs) from adult dental epithelial stem cells (aDESCs) isolated from mouse incisor tissues. DEOs expressed ameloblast markers, could be maintained for more than five months (11 passages) in vitro in media containing modulators of Wnt, Egf, Bmp, Fgf and Notch signaling pathways, and were amenable to cryostorage. When transplanted underneath murine kidney capsules, organoids produced OHAp crystallites similar in composition, size, and shape to mineralized dental tissues, including some enamel-like elongated crystals. DEOs are thus a powerful in vitro model to study mineralization process by dental epithelium, which can pave the way to understanding amelogenesis and developing regenerative therapy of enamel.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Durapatite; Dental Enamel; Ameloblasts; Amelogenesis; Stem Cells; Organoids
PubMed: 38062012
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00257-w -
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering Oct 2022Biomaterials have been widely used in tissue engineering applications at an increasing rate in recent years. The increased clinical demand for safe scaffolds, as well as... (Review)
Review
Biomaterials have been widely used in tissue engineering applications at an increasing rate in recent years. The increased clinical demand for safe scaffolds, as well as the diversity and availability of biomaterials, has sparked rapid interest in fabricating diverse scaffolds to make significant progress in tissue engineering. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has drawn substantial attention in recent years owing to its excellent physical, chemical, and biological properties and facile adaptable surface functionalization with other innumerable essential materials. This focused review spotlights a brief introduction on HAP, scope, a historical outline, basic structural features/properties, various synthetic strategies, and their scientific applications concentrating on functionalized HAP in the diverse area of tissue engineering fields such as bone, skin, periodontal, bone tissue fixation, cartilage, blood vessel, liver, tendon/ligament, and corneal are emphasized. Besides clinical translation aspects, the future challenges and prospects of HAP based biomaterials involved in tissue engineering are also discussed. Furthermore, it is expected that researchers may find this review expedient in gaining an overall understanding of the latest advancement of HAP based biomaterials.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Durapatite; Porosity; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 34499471
DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00438 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jan 2022The guiding principle for mineralized tissue formation is that mineral growth occurs through the interaction of Ca and phosphate ions with extracellular matrix (ECM)...
The guiding principle for mineralized tissue formation is that mineral growth occurs through the interaction of Ca and phosphate ions with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Recently, nanoengineered DNA structures have been proposed as mimics to ECM scaffolds. However, these principles have not been applied to mineralized tissues. Here, we describe DNA nanostructures, namely, a DNA nanotube and a DNA origami rectangle that are site specifically functionalized with a mineral-promoting "SSEE" peptide derived from ECM proteins present in mineralized tissues. In the presence of Ca and phosphate ions (mineralizing conditions), site-specific calcium phosphate formation occurred on the DNA nanostructures. Amorphous calcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite was formed depending on the incubation time, shape of the DNA nanostructure, and amount of Ca and phosphate ions present. The ability to design and control the growth of hydroxyapatite through nanoengineered scaffolds provides insights into the mechanisms that may occur during crystal nucleation and growth of mineralized tissues and can inspire mineralized tissue regeneration strategies.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Calcium Phosphates; DNA; Durapatite; Materials Testing; Nanostructures; Particle Size; Peptides
PubMed: 34957820
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19271 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2024This review focuses on the latest advancements in magnetic hydroxyapatite (mHA) nanoparticles and their potential applications in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine.... (Review)
Review
This review focuses on the latest advancements in magnetic hydroxyapatite (mHA) nanoparticles and their potential applications in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine. mHA nanoparticles have gained significant interest over the last few years for their great potential, offering advanced multi-therapeutic strategies because of their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and unique physicochemical features, enabling on-demand activation and control. The most relevant synthetic methods to obtain magnetic apatite-based materials, either in the form of iron-doped HA nanoparticles showing intrinsic magnetic properties or composite/hybrid compounds between HA and superparamagnetic metal oxide nanoparticles, are described as highlighting structure-property correlations. Following this, this review discusses the application of various magnetic hydroxyapatite nanomaterials in bone regeneration and nanomedicine. Finally, novel perspectives are investigated with respect to the ability of mHA nanoparticles to improve nanocarriers with homogeneous structures to promote multifunctional biological applications, such as cell stimulation and instruction, antimicrobial activity, and drug release with on-demand triggering.
Topics: Nanomedicine; Durapatite; Regenerative Medicine; Nanoparticles; Magnetic Phenomena
PubMed: 38474056
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052809 -
Chemical Research in Toxicology Mar 2021Uranium-238 (U), a long-lived radiometal, is widespread in the environment because of both naturally occurring processes and anthropogenic processes. The ingestion or...
Uranium-238 (U), a long-lived radiometal, is widespread in the environment because of both naturally occurring processes and anthropogenic processes. The ingestion or inhalation of large amounts of U is a major threat to humans, and its toxicity is considered mostly chemical rather than radiological. Therefore, a way to remove uranium ingested by humans from uranium-contaminated water or from the air is critically needed. This study investigated the uranium uptake by hydroxyapatite (HAP), a compound found in human bone and teeth. The uptake of U by teeth is a result of U transport as dissolved uranyl (UO) in contaminated water, and U adsorption has been linked to delays in both tooth eruption and development. In this present work, the influence of pH, contact time, initial U concentration, and buffer solution on the uptake and removal of U in synthetic HAP was investigated and modeled. The influence of pH (pH of human saliva, 6.7-7.4) on the uptake of uranyl was negligible. Furthermore, the kinetics were extremely fast; in one second of exposure, 98% of uranyl was uptaken by HAP. The uptake followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and a Freundlich isotherm model. A 0.2 M sodium carbonate solution removed all the uranyl from HAP after 1 h. Another series of tests were performed with real teeth as targets. We found that, for a 50 mg/L U in PBS solution adjusted to physiological pH, ∼35% of the uranyl was uptaken by the tooth after 1 h, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. Among several washing solutions tested, a commercially available carbonate, as well as a commercially available fluoride solution, enabled removal of all the uranyl taken up by the teeth.
Topics: Durapatite; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Tooth; Uranium
PubMed: 33507734
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00503 -
Materials Horizons Jun 2022Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a well-known ceramic material widely used in the biomedical field. This review summarizes the very recent developments on permanently polarized... (Review)
Review
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a well-known ceramic material widely used in the biomedical field. This review summarizes the very recent developments on permanently polarized HAp (pp-HAp), a HAp variety with tuned electrical properties that confer remarkable catalytic activity. pp-HAp is obtained by applying a thermal stimulation polarization process (TSP), which consists on a DC electric voltage of 500 V at 1000 °C, to previously sintered HAp. The TSP not only increases the crystallinity, reducing the defects in the crystal lattice, but also creates charges that accumulate at the crystalline boundaries and at the surface of microscopic grains, boosting the electrical conductivity. Finally, the successful utilization of pp-HAp in the catalytic fixation of carbon and nitrogen from CO and N gases, respectively, is reported and the formation of different products of chemical interest ( amino acids, ethanol and ammonium) as a function of the reaction conditions ( feeding gases and presence/absence of UV illumination) and catalyst plasticity is discussed. pp-HAp exhibits important advantages with respect to other consolidated catalysts, which drastically increases the final energetic net balance of the reactions.
Topics: Carbon; Ceramics; Durapatite; Gases; Nitrogen Fixation
PubMed: 35357375
DOI: 10.1039/d1mh02057a