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Journal of Materials Chemistry. B Jun 2022A cell-laden tissue engineering scaffold for osteochondral integrated repair is one of the ideal strategies for osteochondral lesions. In this study, we fabricated...
A cell-laden tissue engineering scaffold for osteochondral integrated repair is one of the ideal strategies for osteochondral lesions. In this study, we fabricated cell-laden porous hydrogel scaffolds with gradient nano-hydroxyapatite using methacrylic anhydride gelatin (GelMA), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA), and polyethylene oxide (PEO) solution for osteochondral tissue regeneration. The scaffold possessed interconnected pores and a nano-hydroxyapatite gradient in the vertical direction. The chemical, physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the hydrogel solutions and scaffolds were characterized. experiments confirmed that cells were distributed homogeneously and that different pore structures could affect the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. The Nonporous hydrogel was beneficial for the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs and interconnected pores were conducive to BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The osteochondral integrative repair capacity of the scaffold was assessed by implanting the scaffolds into the intercondylar defect of the rabbit femur. By constructing pore structures in different layers, the cells in different layers of the hydrogels were in an intrinsic environment for survival and differentiation. Animal experiments confirmed that tissue engineering scaffolds for osteochondral lesions require different pore structures in different layers, and gradient structure facilitated integrated repair.
Topics: Animals; Biomimetics; Durapatite; Hydrogels; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Osteogenesis; Rabbits; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 35531933
DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00576j -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Sep 2022The corrosion rate of Mg alloys is currently too high for viable resorbable implant applications. One possible solution is to coat the alloy with a hydroxyapatite (HA)...
The corrosion rate of Mg alloys is currently too high for viable resorbable implant applications. One possible solution is to coat the alloy with a hydroxyapatite (HA) layer to slow the corrosion and promote bone growth. As such coatings can be under severe stresses during implant insertion, we present a nano-mechanical and nano-tribological investigation of RF-sputtered HA films on AZ31 Mg alloy substrates. EDX and XRD analysis indicate that as-deposited coatings are amorphous and Ca-deficient whereas rapid thermal annealing results in c-axis orientation and near-stoichiometric composition. Analysis of the nanoindentation data using a thin film model shows that annealing increases the coating's intrinsic hardness (H) and strain at break (H/E) values, from 2.7 GPa to 9.4 GPa and from 0.043 to 0.079, respectively. In addition, despite being rougher, the annealed samples display better wear resistance; a sign that the rapid thermal annealing does not compromise their interfacial strength and that these systems have potential for resorbable bone implant applications.
Topics: Alloys; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Corrosion; Durapatite; Magnesium; Materials Testing; Surface Properties
PubMed: 35717775
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105306 -
Journal of Biomaterials Applications Mar 2021Three types of Co-xZr (x = 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%) were treated with hydroxyapatite (HA) and used as an object to investigate the effect of HA coating on the surface...
Three types of Co-xZr (x = 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%) were treated with hydroxyapatite (HA) and used as an object to investigate the effect of HA coating on the surface and biocompatibility of Co-xZr alloys. And the protein adsorption and the subsequent biological behaviour of osteoblast, fibroblast and macrophages were also investigated. The surface microstructure and wettability were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and static angle profilometer. To evaluate the biocompatibility of Co-xZr and Co-xZr-HA, we quantified plasma proteins adsorption by bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA), cytotoxicity and cell proliferation by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that Co-xZr-HA alloy surfaces were more hydrophilic and had higher affinity to plasma proteins. Higher protein concentrations were found adsorbed onto Co-7.5Zr-HA and Co-10Zr-HA alloys. Cytotoxicity analysis indicated that HA coating improved the biocompatibility of Co-xZr alloys. Furthermore, the comparable results of co-incubation of Co-xZr-HA alloys with cells reveal cellular attachments to HA surfaces. HA was successfully formed on Co-xZr alloys and modified the surface structure and biocompatibility of the alloys. Co-10Zr-HA and Co-7.5Zr-HA had the most favourable properties and cytocompatibility, and therefore can be potentially used for dental implants.
Topics: Adsorption; Alloys; Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cobalt; Durapatite; Elastic Modulus; Mice; Particle Size; Wettability; Zirconium
PubMed: 33135572
DOI: 10.1177/0885328220969558 -
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering Nov 2023MgSiO-based biodegradable ceramics demonstrated remarkable potential for treating small-scale bone defects and temporary bone replacement. In addition, the dissolution...
MgSiO-based biodegradable ceramics demonstrated remarkable potential for treating small-scale bone defects and temporary bone replacement. In addition, the dissolution behavior of MgSiO bioceramics can be tuned by doping of Ca and Zr elements at Mg and Si sites, respectively. The present study reported the influence of formation of Ca- and Zr-codoped MgCaSiZrO ( = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) bioelectrets and electrodynamic stimulation toward improving their osteogenic response. MgCaSiZrO electrets were successfully synthesized by a solid-state route. A detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that the electrets produced oxygen-deficient active sites. The formation of MgCaSiZrO electrets significantly increased the surface hydrophilicity. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analyses were used to examine the leaching behavior of Ca/Zr-codoped MgSiO bioceramics. In vitro cell culture analyses indicated that the osteogenesis of MG-63 cells was remarkably enhanced on the electrodynamic field-treated MgCaSiZrO bioelectrets as compared to hydroxyapatite (HA). Moreover, a better osteogenic response was observed for higher concentrations of Ca (0.3 and 0.4) and Zr (0.3 and 0.4) doping in the MgSiO bioelectrets. Further, the mechanism of enhanced cellular functionality was revealed by the measurement of intracellular Ca.
Topics: Osteogenesis; Durapatite; Bone and Bones
PubMed: 37877692
DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00955 -
Proceedings of the Institution of... Dec 2023In this study, carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT)-loaded curcumin (CUR) was blended into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) owing to the poor mechanical properties and...
In this study, carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT)-loaded curcumin (CUR) was blended into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) owing to the poor mechanical properties and single function of CPC as a bone-filling material, and CNT-CUR-CPC with improved strength and antitumor properties was obtained. The failure strength, hydrophilicity, in vitro bioactivity, bacteriostatic activity, antitumor activity, and cell safety of CNT-CUR-CPC were evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the failure strength of CNT-CUR-CPC increased from 25.05 to 45.05 MPa ( < 0.001) and its contact angle decreased from 20.37° to 15.27° ( < 0.001) after the CNT-CUR complex was added into CPC at the rate of 5 wt% and blended. Following soaking in simulated body fluid (m-SBF), the main components of CNT-CUR-CPC were hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate hydroxyapatite (HCA). The incorporation of CNT-CUR was beneficial for the deposition of PO and CO, and it promoted the crystallization of HA and HCA. For CNT-CUR-CPC, the inhibition zone diameter on was 10.2 ± 1.02 mm ( < 0.001) and it exhibited moderate sensitivity, whereas the inhibition zone diameter on was 8.3 ± 0.23 mm ( < 0.001) and it exhibited low sensitivity. When compared with the CPC, the cell proliferation rate (RGR %) of the CNT-CUR-CPC decreased by 7.73% ( > 0.05) at 24 h, 17.89% ( < 0.05) at 48 h, and 24.43% ( < 0.001) at 72 h when MG63 cells were cultured on it. In particular, after the MG63 cells were cultured with the CNT-CUR-CPC for 48 h, the number of newly proliferating MG63 cells was significantly reduced, and their growth and adhesion on the surface of the CNT-CUR-CPC were inhibited when compared with the CPC. When 3T3-E1 cells were exposed to the m-SBF immersion solution of CNT-CUR-CPC, the cell proliferation rate (RGR %) was ≥80% ( > 0.05) and the cytotoxicity grade was 0-1. The 3T3-E1 cells were cultured with the m-SBF soaking solution of CNT-CUR-CPC for 24 h, and no significant changes in cell morphology or cytotoxicity were observed. After the 3T3-E1 cells were cultured on CNT-CUR-CPC for 48 h, they could stick to and grow on its surface without adverse reactions. CNT-CUR-CPC had a hemolysis rate of 4.3% ( > 0.05) and did not result in hemolysis and hemagglutination. The obtained CNT-CUR-CPC scaffold material exhibited effective antibacterial activity and cell safety, and could achieve a certain antitumor effect, which has a wide application potential in bone tissue engineering.
Topics: Humans; Bone Cements; Materials Testing; Curcumin; Nanotubes, Carbon; Hemolysis; Compressive Strength; Calcium Phosphates; Durapatite
PubMed: 38031395
DOI: 10.1177/09544119231207614 -
Acta Biomaterialia Nov 2022Injectable hydrogels based on various functional biocompatible materials have made rapid progress in the field of bone repair. In this study, a self-healing and...
Injectable hydrogels based on various functional biocompatible materials have made rapid progress in the field of bone repair. In this study, a self-healing and injectable polysaccharide-based hydrogel was prepared for bone tissue engineering. The hydrogel was made of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and calcium pre-cross-linked oxidized gellan gum (OGG) cross-linked by the Schiff-base reaction. Meanwhile, magnetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin microspheres (MHGMs) were prepared by the emulsion cross-linking method. The antibacterial drugs, tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) and silver sulfadiazine (AgSD), were embedded into the MHGMs. To improve the mechanical and biological properties of the hydrogels, composite hydrogels were prepared by compounding hydroxyapatite (HAp) and drug-embedded MHGMs. The physical, chemical, mechanical and rheological properties of the composite hydrogels were characterized, as well as in vitro antibacterial tests and biocompatibility assays, respectively. Our results showed that the composite hydrogel with 6% (w/v) HAp and 10 mg/mL MHGMs exhibited good magnetic responsiveness, self-healing and injectability. Compared with the pure hydrogel, the composite hydrogel showed a 38.8% reduction in gelation time (196 to 120 s), a 65.6% decrease in swelling rate (39.4 to 13.6), a 51.9% increase in mass residual after degradation (79.5 to 120.8%), and a 143.7% increase in maximum compressive stress (53.6 to 130.6 KPa). In addition, this composite hydrogel showed good drug retardation properties and antibacterial effects against both S. aureus and E. coli. CCK-8 assay showed that composite hydrogel maintained high cell viability (> 87%) and rapid cell proliferation after 3 days, indicating that this smart hydrogel is expected to be an alternative scaffold for drug delivery and bone regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biopolymer hydrogels have been considered as the promising materials for the treatment of tissue engineering and drug delivery. Injectable hydrogels with and self-healing properties and responsiveness to external stimuli have been extensively investigated as cell scaffolds and bone defects, due to their diversity and prolonged lifetime. Magnetism has also been involved in biomedical applications and played significant roles in targeted drug delivery and anti-cancer therapy. We speculate that development of dual cross-linked hydrogels basing biopolymers with multi-functionalities, such as injectable, self-healing, magnetic and anti-bacterial properties, would greatly broaden the application for bone tissue regeneration and drug delivery.
Topics: Hydrogels; Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli; Chitosan; Durapatite; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Magnetic Phenomena
PubMed: 36152907
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.036 -
Biomaterials Advances Feb 2022Bone tissue engineering scaffolds with similar composition, structure, and mechanical properties to natural bone are conducive to bone regeneration. The objective of...
Bone tissue engineering scaffolds with similar composition, structure, and mechanical properties to natural bone are conducive to bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to prepare hydroxyapatite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (HA/PLGA) three-dimensional porous scaffolds with HA content close to natural bone and strong mechanical strength to promote osteogenesis. To achieve this, we modified HA microspheres with polyvinyl alcohol to create an inorganic filler to endow the HA/PLGA printing ink with higher HA content and excellent printing fluidity for 3D printing. We successfully printed a series of HA/PLGA scaffolds with different HA contents. The highest HA content reached 60 wt%, which is close to the mineral percentage in natural bone. The composition, structure, mechanical properties, and in vitro degradability of the fabricated scaffolds were systematically characterized. The cytocompatibility and osteogenic activity of the fabricated HA/PLGA scaffolds were evaluated by in vitro cell culture and rabbit femoral defect repair experiments in vivo. The results indicated that the HA/PLGA composite scaffold with 45 wt% HA had the highest compressive strength of more than 40 MPa, which was six times higher than that of the pure PLGA scaffold. The incorporation of HA microspheres into the PLGA matrix significantly improved the cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) cultured on the surface of the scaffolds. Animal experiments showed that the HA/PLGA composite with 45 wt% HA exhibited the best structure maintenance and osteogenic performance in vivo. The prepared HA/PLGA composite 3D scaffold with HA microsphere reinforcement has considerable application potential in the field of large bone defect repair.
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Durapatite; Microspheres; Osteogenesis; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Rabbits
PubMed: 35031175
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112618 -
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B Feb 2023Chopped fiber (CF)- and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA)-enhanced silk fibroin (SF) porous hybrid scaffolds (SHCF) were prepared by freeze-drying for bone augmentation....
Chopped fiber (CF)- and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA)-enhanced silk fibroin (SF) porous hybrid scaffolds (SHCF) were prepared by freeze-drying for bone augmentation. Compared with pristine SF scaffolds, the incorporation of CF and n-HA can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the composite scaffold. The results of cell experiments and mouse subcutaneous implantation indicated that the SHCF could alleviate foreign body reactions (FBR) led by macrophages and neutrophils, promote the polarization of RAW264.7 cells to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, and inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. A rat femoral defect repair model and bulk-RNA-seq analysis indicated that the CF- and n-HA-enhanced SHCF promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by the upregulation of expression and regulated the calcium signaling pathway to mediate osteogenesis-related cell behavior, subsequently promoting bone regeneration.
Topics: Rats; Mice; Animals; Fibroins; Durapatite; Osteogenesis; Tissue Scaffolds; Porosity
PubMed: 36692356
DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02510h -
BMC Oral Health Feb 2022To synthesize mesoporous titanium dioxide composite hydroxyapatite (TiO-HAP) and to evaluate its effectiveness in sealing of occluding dentine tubules.
BACKGROUND
To synthesize mesoporous titanium dioxide composite hydroxyapatite (TiO-HAP) and to evaluate its effectiveness in sealing of occluding dentine tubules.
METHODS
TiO-HAP was synthesized by chemical precipitation method and characterized using infrared absorption spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and specific surface area detector. Forty completely extracted molars were prepared and randomly assigned into Control group, Gluma group, HAP group and TiO-HAP group according to different treatments. The characteristics of HAP and TiO-HAP and the sealing effectiveness of dentine tubules in these four groups, including infrared spectrum, surface contact angle, pore size distribution, and re-mineralized enamel surface profiles, were analyzed by suitable characterized techniques. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized TiO-HAP was tested and compared using 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) colorimetry.
RESULTS
Our results showed TiO-HAP group had significantly lower contact angle, higher specific surface area, and wider range of pore size distribution than other groups. The majority of dentinal tubules in the TiO-HAP group were blocked by white matter in a uniformed manner, and the crystals arranged in order grew along the axial direction. In addition, no significant difference in optical density (OD) value was found between control group and TiO-HAP group (P > 0.05), and cell growth was good in TiO-HAP group, indicating no cytotoxicity of TiO-HAP.
CONCLUSIONS
The MTT assay identified that TiO-HAP had little effect on the L929 cell line. We showed TiO-HAP might be used as a remineralization agent in enamel caries-like lesions.
Topics: Dentin; Durapatite; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Titanium
PubMed: 35197041
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01989-z -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Mar 2023Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) induced phosphate precipitation is considered as an effective method for Pb(II) removal through the formation of stable...
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) induced phosphate precipitation is considered as an effective method for Pb(II) removal through the formation of stable Pb(II)-phosphate compound, but the location of end-products is still unclear. Herein, the PSB strain of Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) coupled with the hydroxyapatite (HAP) was used in this study to investigate the Pb(II) removal mechanism and the biomineralization location. The dissolving phosphate of three particle sizes of HAP and Pb(II) resistant capabilities, and the effect factors such as HAP dosage, initial concentrations of Pb(II), pH, temperature, and different treatments were determined. The results indicated that the highest soluble phosphate could reach 224.85 mg/L in a 200 nm HAP medium and the highest removal efficiency of Pb(II) was about 96.32 %. Additionally, it was interesting that Pb(II) was mainly located in the periplasmic space through the cellular distribution experiment, which was further demonstrated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Besides, the characterization results showed that the functional groups such as amide, hydroxy, carboxy and phosphate played an important role in Pb(II) biomineralization, and the free Pb(II) in aqueous solution could be transformed into pyromorphite through phosphate dissolution, extracellular adsorption/complexation, and intracellular precipitation.
Topics: Burkholderia cepacia; Lead; Periplasm; Biomineralization; Bacteria; Durapatite
PubMed: 36436453
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130465