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World Journal of Surgical Oncology Apr 2023To compare the clinical efficacy of two alimentary tract reconstruction methods-"P"-shape jejunal interposition (PJI) and Roux-en-Y anastomosis after total gastrectomy. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
To compare the clinical efficacy of two alimentary tract reconstruction methods-"P"-shape jejunal interposition (PJI) and Roux-en-Y anastomosis after total gastrectomy.
METHOD
The following search phrases were utilized to search PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Academic Journals Network Full-text Database (CNKI), and Wanfang Database as of April 2022: "gastrectomy," "Roux-en-Y," "interposition," "total gastrectomy," and "jejunal interposition." Meta-analysis of the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complication rate, and postoperative nutritional status of patients was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
RESULTS
A total of 24 studies and 1887 patients were included in the study. Among patients who received a total gastrectomy, the operation time in the PJI group was substantially longer than that in the Roux-en-Y group (WMD = 19.77, 95% CI: 5.84-33.70, P = 0.005). The incidence of postoperative reflux esophagitis in the PJI group was considerably reduced than that in the Roux-en-Y group (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.28-0.56, P < 0.01). The probability of postoperative dumping syndrome in the PJI group was significantly lower than that in the Roux-en-Y group (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.17-0.43, P < 0.01), and the postoperative body mass changes were significantly lower in the PJI group than in the Roux-en-Y group (WMD = 3.94, 95% CI: 2.24-5.64, P < 0.01). The PJI group had substantially higher postoperative hemoglobin, albumin, and total protein levels than the Roux-en-Y group (WMD = 13.94, 95% CI: 7.77-19.20, P < 0.01; WMD = 3.97, 95% CI: 2.58-5.37, P < 0.01; WMD = 5.31, 95% CI: 3.45-7.16, P < 0.01). The prognostic nutritional index was higher in the PJI group than in the Roux-en-Y group (WMD = 9.25, 95% CI: 7.37-11.13, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
PJI is a safe and effective reconstruction method and is superior to Roux-en-Y anastomosis in the prevention and treatment of postoperative complications and postoperative nutritional recovery in patients after total gastrectomy.
Topics: Humans; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y; Stomach Neoplasms; Anastomosis, Surgical; Gastrectomy; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications; Jejunum
PubMed: 37098553
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03002-z -
Medicine Jan 2020Hemolymphangioma is a benign tumor comprised of the newly-formed lymph spaces and blood vessels, which can usually be found in the head and neck of the affected...
RATIONALE
Hemolymphangioma is a benign tumor comprised of the newly-formed lymph spaces and blood vessels, which can usually be found in the head and neck of the affected children. There are few reports regarding cases with hemolymphangioma in small intestine, spleen, esophagus, and other organs.
PATIENT CONCERNS
Herein, a 55-year-old woman was presented in this study, she had complained of discomfort in the right upper abdomen for 2 months, and was discovered with a space-occupying lesion in proximal jejunum on computed tomography (CT). Eventually, the lesions were confirmed through double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) to be located in the jejunum 60 cm away from the Treitz ligament.
DIAGNOSE
Subsequently, the small intestine was partially resected, and postoperative pathology had confirmed the diagnosis of small intestinal hemolymphangioma.
INTERVENTIONS
Excisional surgery of the lesion was planned. On surgery, the lesions were discovered to be about 33 cm to 22 cm when engorged the superficial vessels. No enlarged lymph nodes were seen at the root of the mesentery, and no obvious lesion was observed in the remaining small intestine.
OUTCOMES
Follow-up for 6 months showed no recurrence.
LESSONS
Hemolymphangioma lacks typical clinical symptoms, and the correct preoperative diagnosis of hemolymphangioma remains challenging. Due to the increasing use of endoscopic diagnostic techniques, it is expected that hemolymphangioma in gastrointestinal tract may be detected and endoluminal located before surgery more feasibly. This case report aimed to highlight the contributions of CT and DBE to an accurate preoperative diagnosis and surgical strategy planning.
Topics: Double-Balloon Enteroscopy; Female; Humans; Jejunal Neoplasms; Lymphangioma; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31977886
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018863 -
Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the... Mar 2022This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells as a novel in vitro model for clarifying the...
This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells as a novel in vitro model for clarifying the impact of intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the intestinal absorption of substrate drugs in humans. Three-dimensional human intestinal spheroids were successfully established from surgical human jejunal specimens and expanded for a long period using L-WRN-conditioned medium, which contains Wnt3a, R-spondin 3, and noggin. The mRNA expression levels of intestinal pharmacokinetics-related genes in the human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells were drastically increased over a 5-day period after seeding compared with those in human jejunal spheroids and were approximately the same as those in human jejunal tissue over a culture period of at least 13 days. Activities of typical drug-metabolizing enzymes [cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A, CYP2C9, uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A, and carboxylesterase 2] and uptake/efflux transporters [peptide transporter 1/solute carrier ], P-glycoprotein, and breast cancer resistance protein) in the differentiated cells were confirmed. Furthermore, intestinal availability (Fg) values estimated from the apical-to-basolateral permeation clearance across cell monolayer showed a good correlation with the in vivo Fg values in humans for five CYP3A substrate drugs (Fg range, 0.35-0.98). In conclusion, the functions of major intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters could be maintained in human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells. This model would be useful for the quantitative evaluation of the impact of intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the intestinal absorption of substrate drugs in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Limited information is available regarding the quantitative prediction of the impact of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the human intestinal absorption of substrates using in vitro assays with differentiated cells derived from human intestinal spheroids/organoids. This study confirmed the functions of typical drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells and demonstrated that intestinal availability (Fg) estimated from apical-to-basolateral permeation clearance across cell monolayers showed a good correlation with in vivo human Fg for CYP3A substrates.
Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Neoplasm Proteins
PubMed: 34992074
DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000796 -
Minerva Surgery Apr 2021The technical complexity of D2 lymphadenectomy and esophago-jejunal anastomosis are the main factors that limit the application of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The technical complexity of D2 lymphadenectomy and esophago-jejunal anastomosis are the main factors that limit the application of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer. Robotic assisted gastric surgery provides potential technical advantages over conventional laparoscopy but an improvement in clinical outcomes after robotic surgery has not been demonstrated yet.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
Data from 128 consecutive patients who had undergone robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer at our center institution from April 2017 to June 2020 where retrospectively reviewed from a prospectively updated database. A narrative review was then carried out on PubMed, Embase and Scopus using the following keywords: "gastric cancer," "robotic surgery," "robotic gastrectomy" and "robotic gastric surgery".
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
Ninety-eight patients underwent robotic distal gastrectomy and 30 underwent robotic total gastrectomy. The mean value of estimated blood loss was 99.5 ml. No patients required conversion to laparoscopy or open surgery. The median number of retrieved lymph nodes was 42. No tumor involvement of the proximal or distal margin was found in any patient. The median time to first flatus and first oral feeding was on postoperative day 3 and 5, respectively. We registered 6 leakages (4.6%), namely, 1 duodenal stump leakage and 5 anastomotic leakages. No 30-day surgical related mortality was recorded. The median length of hospital stay was 10.5 days (range 4-37).
CONCLUSIONS
Published data and our experience suggest that the robotic approach for gastric cancer is safe and feasible with potential advantages over conventional laparoscopy.
Topics: Gastrectomy; Humans; Laparoscopy; Retrospective Studies; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 33908237
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-5691.21.08769-1 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery :... Sep 2022In laparoscopic total gastrectomy, esophago-jejunal anastomosis is still considered a complicated procedure, even though laparoscopic surgery has become widespread....
BACKGROUND
In laparoscopic total gastrectomy, esophago-jejunal anastomosis is still considered a complicated procedure, even though laparoscopic surgery has become widespread. Esophagojejunostomy leakage can be fatal and adversely affect postoperative cancer treatment. The leakage rate has been reported to be 2.4-5.5%, and a safer and more reliable technique needs to be established. In this multi-media article, we describe the technique of laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy using a simple and safe T-shaped esophagojejunostomy.
METHODS
We performed laparoscopic total gastrectomy with ante-colic Roux-en-Y reconstruction using a T-shaped anastomosis. First, insertion holes are made on the right side of the esophageal stump and the opposite side of the mesentery of the lift-up jejunal stump. Second, a linear stapler is inserted into each insertion hole, and a 40-45-mm V-shaped esophageal jejunal anastomosis is performed. Third, three temporary sutures are added for closing the common edge. Finally, a second stapling is used to close the entry hole and resect the esophageal stump.
RESULTS
We performed this procedure in 35 patients between May 2016 and December 2018. The median duration of surgery was 338 min (range, 248-542 min) and median bleeding was 20 mL (range, 0-240 mL). There were no esophagojejunostomy-related complications higher than Clavien-Dindo grade II. Additionally, no postoperative stenosis occurred during the follow-up period (median: 48 months, range: 4-68 months).
CONCLUSION
Considering the present results, T-shaped esophago-jejunal anastomosis is a simple and safe procedure and a promising laparoscopic total gastrectomy option.
Topics: Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y; Anastomosis, Surgical; Gastrectomy; Humans; Jejunum; Laparoscopy; Stomach Neoplasms; Surgical Stapling
PubMed: 35680778
DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05371-4 -
Auris, Nasus, Larynx Dec 2022The thyroid gland adjoins the trachea, pharynx, esophagus, carotid artery and cervical skin. Most thyroid carcinomas have been treated at lower stages; however, in some...
OBJECTIVE
The thyroid gland adjoins the trachea, pharynx, esophagus, carotid artery and cervical skin. Most thyroid carcinomas have been treated at lower stages; however, in some cases the carcinomas have invaded the surrounding organs. After resecting invasive thyroid carcinomas, the defects vary depending on the invasion area and organs affected; subsequent reconstructive methods vary depending on the size of defect and its components. This study analysed the pattern of defects and the reconstructive methods used following invasive thyroid carcinoma resection.
METHODS
From April 2011 to March 2021, 665 patients in Saitama Cancer Center (Saitama, Japan) were diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma and subsequently underwent thyroidectomies. In the 25 patients (3.8%), the thyroid carcinoma invaded surrounding organs and any reconstructive surgery-including end-to-end tracheal anastomosis and simple pharynx closure-was performed after thyroid carcinoma resection. The patients' records were retrospectively reviewed, and the defects and subsequent reconstructive methods were analysed.
RESULTS
When our new classification system was applied to the defects, the number of cases for each type was totaled: Tr0: 1; Tr1a: 3; Tr2b: 5; Tr3a: 1; La-Tr3b+PE2: 7; La-Tr3b+PE2+S2: 1; PE1: 1; PE1+S1: 2; S1: 2; S2: 2. For Tr0, a tracheal fenestration was performed after the tumor resection and the fenestration was closed with a hinge flap. For Tr1a defect, a tracheal fenestration was performed with cervical skin after the tumor resection and the tracheal fenestration was closed with a deltopectoral flap or pectralis major musculocutaneous flap. In one recent patient, the tracheal fenestration was reconstructed using free forearm flap and cervical skin, and the fenestration was closed with a hinge flap. For Tr2b defect, free forearm flap and costal cartilage graft reconstruction was performed after the tumor resection and the fenestration was closed with a hinge flap. For Tr3a defect, end-to-end anastomosis was performed in one patient. For La-Tr3b+PE2 defect, total pharyngolaryngectomy with free jejunal flap reconstruction was performed. For PE1 defect, a simple closure was performed in one patient and a PMMC muscle flap was used for covering the suture line in two patients. For S1 and S2 defect, PMMC flap or DP flap was used.
CONCLUSION
Our analysis of defects and reconstructive methods defines the complex defect patterns occurring after invasive thyroid carcinoma resection, describes the patterns of subsequent reconstructive methods.
Topics: Carcinoma; Free Tissue Flaps; Humans; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Retrospective Studies; Thyroid Neoplasms; Trachea
PubMed: 35428518
DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2022.04.004 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer Jun 2021Proximal gastrectomy has been more advantageous than total gastrectomy in early cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Jejunal interposition is a novel reconstruction...
PURPOSE
Proximal gastrectomy has been more advantageous than total gastrectomy in early cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Jejunal interposition is a novel reconstruction technique to prevent reflux esophagitis and anastomotic stricture in proximal gastrectomy. The combination of these two procedures via laparoscopic approach is not yet widespread. Therefore, this study is to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this surgery.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study on eight patients with laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and jejunal interposition for early proximal gastric cancer. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months and then at 6-month intervals to investigate complications, recurrence, metastasis, and survival.
RESULTS
All cases were adenocarcinoma in the early stage (cT1N0M0). The median (range) operating time and postoperative hospital stay were 145 min (120-210) and 7 days (6-9), respectively. No complication (including reflux esophagitis and anastomotic stricture) occurred. All patients were alive without any recurrence or metastasis during the median follow-up of 28 months (ranged 6-40 months).
CONCLUSION
Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition for early gastric cancer is safe and feasible with good long-term outcomes. Further large studies are required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this procedure.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Female; Gastrectomy; Humans; Jejunum; Laparoscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Retrospective Studies; Stomach Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Vietnam
PubMed: 32440851
DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00420-0 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2022The neuroendocrine system of the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) region gives rise to unique, heterogeneous malignancies that need a high index of suspicion to make a...
BACKGROUND
The neuroendocrine system of the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) region gives rise to unique, heterogeneous malignancies that need a high index of suspicion to make a diagnosis owing to their indolent course.
AIMS
The present study aimed to find the incidence and the differences in the morphologic and immunohistochemical profile of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNET) in a referral center of South India, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
METHODS
There were 55 gastroenteropancreatic region neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) assessed for demographic, clinical and radiological features. Gross morphological features, histopathological features, mitotic index, Ki67 proliferation index, and immunohistochemical positivity for synaptophysin, chromogranin-A, CD-56, NSE (Neuron Specific Enolase) and pan-cytokeratin (Pan-CK) were also assessed.
RESULTS
The majority were nonfunctional tumors presenting with abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleed, vomiting, jaundice, and loss of weight and appetite. The sites of involvement according to the order of frequency were duodenum, stomach, rectum, pancreas, ileum, appendix and jejunum. The endoscopic appearance of duodenal and jejunal tumors showed polypoidal, nodular and ulceroproliferative growth. These tumors were diagnosed by preoperative biopsy; 54% of them were grade-1 neuroendocrine tumors exhibiting nesting, trabecular, cord, and solid sheet patterns. All 55 cases were synaptophysin-positive with variable positivity for chromogranin, neuron-specific enolase, CD56, and Pan-CK. Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas (MANECs) involving the duodenum and stomach comprised 7.3% of all GEPNETs. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors constituted 9% of all tumors; one was multifocal. Lymph node metastasis was seen in 12/55 tumors; 6/12 showed liver metastasis also. All metastasizing tumors measured less than 4 cm in size. Statistical correlation of the tumor grade, mitotic count and Ki67 index as analysed by Spearman's correlation between the paired data denoted by r in 55 tumors showed a strong correlation between mitotic count and Ki67 index; a moderate correlation was noted between the tumor grade and Ki67 index.
CONCLUSION
The clinicopathologic profile of 55 GEPNET revealed a majority to be sporadic Grade 1 tumor. Tumors that showed lymph node and liver metastasis were less than 4 cm in size. MANECs were found in the duodenum and stomach.
PubMed: 35698638
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Surgery May 2023The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and survival benefits of portal vein and/or superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resection with jejunal vein resection...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and survival benefits of portal vein and/or superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resection with jejunal vein resection (JVR) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA
Few studies have shown the surgical outcome and survival of pancreatic resection with JVR, and treatment strategies for patients with PDAC suspected of jejunal vein (JV) infiltration remain unclear.
METHODS
In total, 1260 patients who underwent pancreatectomy with PV/ SMV resection between 2013 and 2016 at 50 facilities were included; treatment outcomes were compared between the PV/SMV group (PV/ SMV resection without JVR; n = 824), PV/SMV-J1 V group (PV/SMV resection with first jejunal vein resection; n = 394), and PV/SMV-J2,3 V group (PV/SMV resection with second jejunal vein or later branch resection; n = 42).
RESULTS
Postoperative complications and mortality did not differ between the three groups. The postoperative complication rate associated with PV/ SMV reconstruction was 11.9% in PV/SMV group, 8.6% in PV/SMV-J1 V group, and 7.1% in PV/SMV-J2,3V group; there were no significant differences among the three groups. Overall survival did not differ between PV/SMV and PV/SMV-J1 V groups (median survival; 29.2 vs 30.9 months, P = 0.60). Although PV/SMV-J2,3 V group had significantly shorter survival than PV/SMV group who underwent upfront surgery ( P = 0.05), no significant differences in overall survival of patients who received preoperative therapy. Multivariate survival analysis revealed that adjuvant therapy and R0 resection were independent prognostic factors in all groups.
CONCLUSION
PV/SMV resection with JVR can be safely performed and may provide satisfactory overall survival with the pre-and postoperative adjuvant therapy.
Topics: Humans; Pancreatectomy; Portal Vein; Mesenteric Veins; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34913900
DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005330 -
Updates in Surgery Jan 2023Double tract reconstruction (DTR) is the main digestive tract reconstruction method after proximal gastrectomy (PG). Single tract jejunal interposition (STJI) derived... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
Double tract reconstruction (DTR) is the main digestive tract reconstruction method after proximal gastrectomy (PG). Single tract jejunal interposition (STJI) derived from the double tract reconstruction is also increasingly used in clinical practice. However, there is still a great controversy as to which of the two reconstruction methods can achieve better results. In this study, we systematically reviewed studies on DTR and STJI after PG and performed a meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for clinical studies comparing DTR and STJI after PG to December 2021 without language restriction. Review Manager (version5.4) software was used to perform meta-analysis on operative outcomes, postoperative complications and nutritional outcomes. The protocol for this meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022301455). Five randomized controlled trials involving 453 patients were included in the meta-analysis. There were no significant differences between DTR and STJI in terms of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, incidence of reflux esophagitis, anastomotic complications and total complications. The operation time of STJI group was longer than that of DTR group [WMD - 0.79; 95% CI (- 1.55, - 0.03)] [heterogeneity: χ = 4.94, df = 3 (P = 0.18); I = 39%, test for overall effect: Z = 2.04 (P = 0.04)]. The body weight of STJI group was significantly higher than that of DTR group at 6 months after surgery [WMD 3.90; 95% CI (0.56, 7.23)] [heterogeneity: τ = 7.67, χ = 19.76, df = 2 (P < 0.0001); I = 90%, test for overall effect: Z = 2.29 (P = 0.02)]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the outcomes of DTR and STJI after PG. There were no significant differences in operative outcomes and postoperative complications between DTR and STJI after PG. Although STJI prolonged the operation time compared to DTR, postoperative nutritional outcomes of patients in the STJI group was significantly better than that in the DTR group. Therefore, compared to DTR, STJI may be more suitable for the vast majority of patients undergoing PG due to its better postoperative nutritional status.
Topics: Humans; Anastomosis, Surgical; Gastrectomy; Jejunum; Nutritional Status; Postoperative Complications; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Retrospective Studies; Stomach Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36208365
DOI: 10.1007/s13304-022-01393-4