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Turk Patoloji Dergisi 2022The 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumors opened to online access in March 2022. This edition is conceptually similar... (Review)
Review
The 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumors opened to online access in March 2022. This edition is conceptually similar to the previous classification of odontogenic lesions. The only newly defined entity in odontogenic lesions is adenoid ameloblastoma, which is classified under benign epithelial odontogenic tumors. While not odontogenic, the surgical ciliated cyst is a new entry to the cyst classification of the jaws. In other respects, a very important change was made in the new blue books that added 'essential and desirable diagnostic criteria' for each entity to highlight the features considered indispensable for diagnosis. In this article, we review the odontogenic tumors and cysts of the jaw sections of the Odontogenic and Maxillofacial Bone Tumors Chapter, outlining changes from the 2017 WHO classification and summarizing the essential diagnostic criteria and new developments.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; World Health Organization
PubMed: 35578902
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2022.01573 -
Cureus Aug 2022Ameloblastoma is one of the most common benign odontogenic tumors of the jaw that constitutes about 10% of all tumors that arise in the mandible and maxilla. It is a... (Review)
Review
Ameloblastoma is one of the most common benign odontogenic tumors of the jaw that constitutes about 10% of all tumors that arise in the mandible and maxilla. It is a slow-growing but locally invasive tumor that presents with painless swelling of the mandible or maxilla. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of 2017 describes ameloblastomas of the following four types: ameloblastoma; unicystic ameloblastoma; extraosseous/peripheral ameloblastoma; and metastasizing ameloblastoma. The diagnosis of ameloblastoma requires computerized tomography (CT) imaging as well as a biopsy. A biopsy is helpful in differentiating ameloblastoma from ossifying fibroma, osteomyelitis, giant cell tumor, cystic fibrous dysplasia, myeloma, and sarcoma. The best treatment of ameloblastoma is aggressive en bloc resection with simultaneous reconstruction. The high recurrence rate and large tissue defects have been long-standing issues in the treatment of ameloblastoma. Recent molecular developments strongly suggest the possibility of targeted therapy with better outcomes in ameloblastomas. We present a detailed updated narrative review of our current understanding and management of this enigmatic tumor.
PubMed: 36127985
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27734 -
The Surgeon : Journal of the Royal... Aug 2021Ameloblastomas are benign but locally invasive neoplasms which may grow to massive proportions and cause significant morbidity. Although some types of ameloblastoma can... (Review)
Review
Ameloblastomas are benign but locally invasive neoplasms which may grow to massive proportions and cause significant morbidity. Although some types of ameloblastoma can be treated predictably with aggressive surgical treatment, recurrent ameloblastoma and metastasising ameloblastoma are still difficult to treat. Recent studies have identified recurrent somatic and activating mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and sonic hedgehog (SHH) signalling pathways in ameloblastoma. This development provided a possibility that molecular targeted therapies can be used as neoadjuvant treatment. In this review, we provide a summary of the latest WHO classification of ameloblastoma, the current understanding of genetic mutations and novel molecular targeted therapies arising from the recent developments.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Hedgehog Proteins; Humans; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Mutation
PubMed: 32712102
DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2020.06.009 -
JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical... Jul 2022Ameloblastomas of jaws are benign odontogenic tumors of epithelial origin with four clinical variants: solid multicystic type, unicystic type, desmoplastic type, and...
UNLABELLED
Ameloblastomas of jaws are benign odontogenic tumors of epithelial origin with four clinical variants: solid multicystic type, unicystic type, desmoplastic type, and extraosseous type. The incidence rate of ameloblastoma is 0.92 per million person-years. Unicystic ameloblastoma refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical and radiologic characteristics of an odontogenic cyst but shows a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation on histological examination. Here is a unique case of unicystic ameloblastoma involving the mandible in a 70-year-old patient. The case was managed by segmental mandibulectomy and flap repair. Unicystic ameloblastoma accounts for only 13% of all known cases in scientific literature. Considering the rarity of the lesion, the purpose of presenting this report on a clinical case is to emphasize the importance of radiological evaluation and histopathological examination for the diagnosis of ameloblastoma.
KEYWORDS
ameloblastoma; odontogenic cysts; odontogenic tumors; segmental mandibulectomy.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Mandible; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontogenic Cysts; Jaw
PubMed: 36705195
DOI: 10.31729/jnma.7566 -
Oral Diseases Oct 2019The aim of the present study was to assess the outcomes of radical and conservative treatment approaches of solid/multicystic and unicystic ameloblastoma in terms of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the present study was to assess the outcomes of radical and conservative treatment approaches of solid/multicystic and unicystic ameloblastoma in terms of recurrence rates.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on the PRISMA statement. Search was performed using PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and Web of Science for articles published from January 1969 until March 2018. Quality assessment of the selected articles was conducted using the Quality Appraisal of Case Series Studies Checklist. The meta-analysis was performed using the MedCalc program.
RESULTS
The search strategy yielded 6,984 articles; 20 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled recurrence rate of solid/multicystic ameloblastomas following radical treatment was 8%, while conservative treatment caused recurrences in 41%. For unicystic ameloblastomas, these values were 3% and 21%, respectively. The risk of recurrences in both types of ameloblastomas following radical treatment was lower than following conservative treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study showed statistically significant differences in recurrence favoring radical treatment for both unicystic and solid/multicystic ameloblastoma. The solid/multicystic type showed more recurrences than the unicystic type. Unfortunately, since only retrospective studies were available, the evidence is less strong as wished for.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Checklist; Conservative Treatment; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Netherlands; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30548549
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13014 -
Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Aug 2022Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are rare, with an estimated incidence rate of less than 0.5 cases per 100,000 per year. The causes of OTs remain unclear. Nonetheless, the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are rare, with an estimated incidence rate of less than 0.5 cases per 100,000 per year. The causes of OTs remain unclear. Nonetheless, the majority of OTs seem to arise de novo, without an apparent causative factor. Although the etiopathogenesis of most OTs remains unclear, there have been some recent advances in understanding the genetic basis relating to specific histologies and clinical features. Molecular analyses performed by different techniques, including Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing, and allele-specific PCR, have uncovered mutations in genes related to the oncogenic MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Genetic mutations in these pathway genes have been reported in epithelial and mixed OTs, in addition to odontogenic carcinomas and sarcomas. Notably, B‑RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) and KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase (KRAS) pathogenic mutations have been reported in a high proportion of ameloblastoma and ameloblastoma-related tumors and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, respectively.
OBJECTIVE
To discuss how molecular profiling aids in diagnostic classification of odontogenic tumors.
CONCLUSION
Molecular profiling of odontogenic tumors helps to identify patients for neoadjuvant therapies and reduces postoperative morbidity.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Odontogenic Tumors; Pathology, Molecular; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
PubMed: 36378285
DOI: 10.1007/s00292-022-01152-7 -
Dental Clinics of North America Jan 2020Odontogenic tumors are a group of neoplastic growths that originate from the tissues responsible for tooth formation and the periodontal apparatus of the jaw.... (Review)
Review
Odontogenic tumors are a group of neoplastic growths that originate from the tissues responsible for tooth formation and the periodontal apparatus of the jaw. Odontogenic tumors usually present as radiolucent defect, which makes diagnosis somewhat confusing while differentiating them from cysts. Although cystic lesions are surrounded by sclerotic borders, few odontogenic tumors share similar features. This article reviews clinical concepts of several odontogenic tumors that occur in the proximity or in association with teeth and not merely focusing on relatively common conditions.
Topics: Humans; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Tooth
PubMed: 31735223
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.008 -
Pediatric and Developmental Pathology :... 2023Odontogenic tumors are rare tumors of the jaws that arise from remnants of the tooth forming apparatus. Some odontogenic tumors demonstrate strong predilection for... (Review)
Review
Odontogenic tumors are rare tumors of the jaws that arise from remnants of the tooth forming apparatus. Some odontogenic tumors demonstrate strong predilection for pediatric patients including the unicystic ameloblastoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, ameloblastic fibroma, ameloblastic fibro-odontoma, odontoma, and primordial odontogenic tumor. In this review, we discuss the clinical, radiographic, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics of select odontogenic tumors that demonstrate pediatric predilection and review management.
Topics: Humans; Child; Odontogenic Tumors; Ameloblastoma; Odontoma
PubMed: 38032744
DOI: 10.1177/10935266231200115