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Occupational Therapy International 2021Burnout, a reaction to chronic emotional stress, affects health and reduces the quality of service. Reportedly, healthcare professionals are especially vulnerable to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Burnout, a reaction to chronic emotional stress, affects health and reduces the quality of service. Reportedly, healthcare professionals are especially vulnerable to burnout. This meta-analysis is aimed at examining the factors associated with occupational therapists' burnout. The results of 2,430 occupational therapists, across 17 peer-reviewed English articles, the most recent published in 2020, were analysed. Results revealed significant associations between related variables and burnout. Marital status, work field, and work hours, job challenges, patient age, position, turnover intention, working type, and work addiction showed significant positive correlation effect sizes in relation to burnout, whereas age, education, engagement, job satisfaction, personal identity, professional identity, rewards, and feeling valued showed significant negative correlation effect sizes. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that strategies to reduce occupational therapists' burnout need to consider organizational as well as psychological aspects.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Occupational Therapists; Occupational Therapy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34987329
DOI: 10.1155/2021/1226841 -
Lakartidningen Dec 2022The group of people who undergo infertility treatments is multifaceted and affected in different psychological aspects. In general, individuals cope relatively well with...
The group of people who undergo infertility treatments is multifaceted and affected in different psychological aspects. In general, individuals cope relatively well with this life situation. Risk for decreased quality-of-life is associated with miscarriages and/or long time to pregnancy. Women often report more signs of anxiety and depression during the period of treatment compared to men. Psychological support is needed to be able to handle strains caused by treatment and/or childlessness per se; such as marital strains, impaired mental well-being, and negative consequences on sexuality. Psychological support is also wanted for those who will have to adjust to continued childlessness.
Topics: Male; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Infertility; Anxiety; Marriage; Mental Health; Quality of Life; Stress, Psychological; Depression; Adaptation, Psychological
PubMed: 36519704
DOI: No ID Found -
Family Process Sep 2020Infidelity occurs in approximately 25% of marriages and is associated with various negative consequences for individuals (e.g., depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic...
Infidelity occurs in approximately 25% of marriages and is associated with various negative consequences for individuals (e.g., depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress), the couple relationship (e.g., financial loss, increased conflict, and aggression), and the couple's children (e.g., internalizing and externalizing behaviors). Infidelity is also one of the most frequently cited reasons for divorce. The increased stress brought on by the pandemic may be putting couples at an increased risk for experiencing infidelity, and data collected during the pandemic have shown that people across the United States are engaging in behaviors that are associated with a high likelihood of experiencing infidelity. The negative consequences of infidelity are also likely to be exacerbated for couples during the pandemic due to the intersection with the social, emotional, and financial consequences of COVID-19. Furthermore, couples are likely to experience disruptions and delays to the affair recovery process during the pandemic, which can negatively impact their ability to heal. Therefore, recommendations for navigating affair recovery during the pandemic, including adaptations for therapy, are also discussed.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Extramarital Relations; Female; Humans; Male; Marital Therapy; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Quarantine; SARS-CoV-2; United States
PubMed: 32621371
DOI: 10.1111/famp.12576 -
Clinical Journal of the American... Jul 2020Although some patients regret the decision to start dialysis, modifiable factors associated with regret have rarely been studied. We aimed to identify factors associated...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Although some patients regret the decision to start dialysis, modifiable factors associated with regret have rarely been studied. We aimed to identify factors associated with patients' regret to initiate dialysis.
DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS
A 41-item questionnaire was administered to adult patients receiving maintenance dialysis in seven dialysis units located in Cleveland, Ohio, and its suburbs. Of the 450 patients asked to participate in the study, 423 agreed and 397 provided data on decisional regret. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of regret, which was assessed using a single item, "Do you regret your decision to start dialysis?" We report adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the following candidate predictors: knowledge of CKD, attitudes toward CKD treatment, and preference for end-of-life care.
RESULTS
Eighty-two of 397 respondents (21%) reported decisional regret. There were no significant demographic correlates of regret. Regret was more common when patients reported choosing dialysis to please doctors or family members (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.27 to 4.31; <0.001). Patients who reported having a prognostic discussion about life expectancy with their doctors (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.98; =0.03) and those who had completed a living will (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.95; =0.03) were less likely to report regret with dialysis initiation.
CONCLUSIONS
Dialysis regret was common in this sample. Demographic factors (age, sex, marital status, race, or educational attainment) were not significantly associated with regret, but modifiable care processes were.
PODCAST
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2020_06_09_CJN13781119.mp3.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Conservative Treatment; Decision Making; Emotions; Family Relations; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Living Wills; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Preference; Physician-Patient Relations; Prognosis; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Surveys and Questionnaires; Terminal Care; Young Adult
PubMed: 32499230
DOI: 10.2215/CJN.13781119 -
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey Apr 2021Psychological reactions to perinatal loss, although often self-limited, may lead to significant psychological morbidities. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other maternal... (Review)
Review
IMPORTANCE
Psychological reactions to perinatal loss, although often self-limited, may lead to significant psychological morbidities. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other maternal health providers play a key role in recognizing the range of psychological responses to perinatal loss and providing education, support, and treatment options to their patients.
OBJECTIVE
This review aims to define psychological reactions associated with perinatal loss, examine psychotherapy and psychopharmacologic treatments for psychiatric morbidities, discuss interpregnancy interval following perinatal loss, and highlight brief, psychological interventions that can be implemented by maternal health providers.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
Search terms "perinatal loss psychology," "reproductive loss grief," "perinatal psychopharmacology," "psychopharmacology grief," and "interpregnancy interval" were utilized to search PubMed, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO.
RESULTS
Grief is an expected, normal response to perinatal loss. Psychological morbidities, including major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder, are also associated with perinatal loss. Risk factors for these conditions include history of a psychiatric illness, childlessness, unknown cause of perinatal loss, limited social support, and marital/relationship discord. Careful interviewing and brief screening measures can help identify patients who may suffer from depressive or anxiety disorders following reproductive loss. Patients with perinatal loss can benefit from psychological and possibly pharmacologic treatments. Recommended interpregnancy interval after perinatal loss should be customized by gestational age and cause of loss.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Patients with perinatal loss emotionally benefit from their reproductive health care providers acknowledging the psychological aspects of reproductive loss, inquiring about their emotional needs, and providing information regarding grief and mental health referrals.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Female; Humans; Maternal Health Services; Mental Disorders; Postnatal Care; Pregnancy; Psychotherapy; Puerperal Disorders
PubMed: 33908614
DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000874 -
Heliyon Jul 2020Having sexual relations plays a very important role in the success and scope of procreation. Understanding sexual function can lead to sexual satisfaction and ultimately...
BACKGROUND
Having sexual relations plays a very important role in the success and scope of procreation. Understanding sexual function can lead to sexual satisfaction and ultimately to marital satisfaction and reconciliation of spouses.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychoeducational programme on sexual function and marital satisfaction of Iranian couples.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test study with control group. The statistical population included all couples diagnosed with sexual dysfunction referred to Bahar Consulting Center in Mashhad in 2019. A total of 40 individuals were randomly assigned to the two treatment conditions which were experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) forming two groups. The individuals assigned to experimental condition experienced a 10 session psychoeducational program and the control condition comprised of Treatment As Usual (TAU) which was based on medical and general counseling regime. The data collection tool was marital satisfaction and sexual function questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.
RESULTS
there is a significant difference between the amount of sexual function and marital satisfaction before and after the test in experimental group (p < 0.01). The results of this study showed that Psychoeducational Group Therapy improved the sexual performance and improved marital satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
Psychoeducational Group Therapy helps to increase marital satisfaction and sexual functioning of married couples. Therefore, this intervention is recommended as an effective program for improving marital satisfaction and sexual performance of couples. It can help to strengthen the foundation of the family.
PubMed: 32775734
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04586 -
Neuro Endocrinology Letters Sep 2020People who have an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) tend to manifest a need for excessive control over their partners and other relatives, which then constitutes a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
People who have an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) tend to manifest a need for excessive control over their partners and other relatives, which then constitutes a principal problem in their relationships. This behaviour probably relates to an unmet need for safety in their childhood. This review article aims to explore the interpersonal dimension of OCD.
METHOD
Sources used in this review were acquired via PubMed from January 1990 to January 2020. The search terms included "obsessive compulsive disorder", "OCD", "marital problems", "marital conflicts", "marital attachment", and "partnership". Primary search with keywords in various combinations yielded 242 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 68 articles were found eligible for further research, and a secondary search was performed by screening their reference lists for relevant articles. In total, 124 papers were included in the review.
RESULTS
OCD patients often have interpersonal problems that are related to symptomatology and the excessive need for control over the relationship. The patient is often addicted to his/her loved ones and transmits his excessive concerns to them. The studies describe increased marital distress, less satisfaction with their partner and couples experiencing less intimacy. The communication style of people suffering from OCD often shows a tendency to control others extensively, which is probably related to their exaggerated need for safety. Individuals with preoccupied or avoidant attachment styles are more likely to become jealous and to consider any rival as threatening than those people who have a safe attachment style.
CONCLUSION
Participation of the partner in the therapy can have positive effects. Furthermore, family-based exposure and response prevention programs might be useful for reducing OCD symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Family Conflict; Female; Humans; Male; Marriage; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
PubMed: 33201647
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Few studies evaluating the relationship between depression and exercise consider peoples' socio-demographic characteristics. This cross-sectional study investigated the...
Few studies evaluating the relationship between depression and exercise consider peoples' socio-demographic characteristics. This cross-sectional study investigated the interaction between exercise and marital status and depression in Taiwanese adults. Data from the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) was recruited from the Taiwan Biobank. Participants indicated their exercise status, showing 5015 no-exercise cases and 3407 exercise cases. Marital status, including unmarried, divorced or separated, and widowed, were all significant, especially among the no-exercise group. The relationship between exercise/no exercise and marital status was examined; no exercise and unmarried, divorced or separated, and widowed, as well as exercise and married were significant to PHQ-2. Gender was significant in both the married and unmarried groups. The association between exercise, marital status, gender, and education on PHQ-2 score was also significant. Married people, especially men, had lower depression scores. Additionally, exercise had a protective effect against depression for unmarried people, especially women.
Topics: Adult; Biological Specimen Banks; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Female; Humans; Male; Marital Status; Taiwan
PubMed: 35162898
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031876 -
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy Oct 2022Experiential family therapy, pioneered by Virginia Satir and Carl Whitaker, centered the experience of the "here and now," human authenticity and congruent communication...
Experiential family therapy, pioneered by Virginia Satir and Carl Whitaker, centered the experience of the "here and now," human authenticity and congruent communication in the work of psychotherapy. Their approach-often considered atypical and atheoretical-was popular for a while, then relegated as behavioral and cognitive theories developed. However, with the proliferation of modern neuroscience, particularly the field of Interpersonal Neurobiology, therapists can see neuroscience research providing hard data and respective frameworks delineating the underlying architecture for understanding the connections between the mind, emotions, behavior, and relationships. This article highlights the neurobiological mechanisms that explain why classic experiential family therapy was so powerful. The main tenets of both Carl Whitaker's symbolic experiential family therapy as well as Virginia Satir's model for peoplemaking are illuminated through the postulates and scientific findings of interpersonal neurobiology.
Topics: Emotions; Family Therapy; Humans; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 35133028
DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12582 -
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology Nov 2019Adolescent depression can be a stressor for parents and families. This study evaluated how treating adolescent depression affects marital and parent-child relationships....
Adolescent depression can be a stressor for parents and families. This study evaluated how treating adolescent depression affects marital and parent-child relationships. We examined whether marital adjustment and parent-child conflict improved over the course of active treatment of depressed adolescents (36-week visit) and long-term follow-up (one year after discontinuation of treatment) in a sample of 322 clinically depressed youth participating in the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS). We also explored the bidirectional influences of adolescent depression and family relationships. Results indicated that marital adjustment was stable during active treatment but declined during long-term follow up. A structural equation model (SEM) examining the bidirectional relation between adolescent depression and marital adjustment indicated that higher adolescent depression at the conclusion of maintenance treatment (24-week visit) predicted a deterioration of marital adjustment at the end of active treatment (36-week visit). Parent-child conflict was unchanged during treatment and follow up. SEM analyses examining the bidirectional relationship between youth depression and parent-child conflict revealed that reduced depressive symptoms at the end of the active treatment period predicted improvement in parent-child conflict at subsequent time points. These findings suggest that youth depression and its treatment may influence long-term family functioning.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Depression; Family Conflict; Family Relations; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Social Adjustment; Spouses
PubMed: 31172403
DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00566-x