-
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance, as well as cognitive, somatic, and other...
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance, as well as cognitive, somatic, and other symptoms. Most people affected by FMS are women, and studies analyzing this condition in men are scarce. In this study, we discuss the physical and psychological symptoms of FMS in men, analyze the possible side effects of pharmacological therapies, and explore the impact of the illness comparing these results between the different classification groups according to sociodemographic variables (marital status, level of education, employment situation and number of people living at home). We used a sequential exploratory mixed method (MM). Qualitative information was obtained from two focus groups (n = 10). Structured questionnaires were administered to 23 men affected by FMS. The mean age of the participants was 51.7 years (SD = 9.64). The most common drugs used were antidepressants and anxiolytics (86.9%), followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (82.6%) and opioids (60.9%). Current level of pain was high (8.2; SD = 1.1), while perceived health and satisfaction with pharmacological treatments were low (4.6; SD = 2.6 and 3.5; SD = 3.2, respectively). The impact of FMS measured using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) was very high at 88.7 (SD = 8.2). Six categories related with symptoms and side effects of the medication were observed in the qualitative data: (1) main physical symptoms, (2) mood disorders, (3) insomnia and non-restorative sleep, (4) cognitive disturbance, (5) hypersensitivity, and (6) symptoms secondary to opioids. Pain and fatigue were the symptoms most often mentioned by the participants (70% and 80%, respectively). Other important symptoms were anxiety, depression, and memory and sleep disorders. The consumption of opioids causes further unwanted symptoms such as drowsiness and dependence, which makes it difficult for patients to perform basic everyday activities. We believe it is vitally important to continue investigating this symptomatology in order to improve diagnosis and treatment for these patients.
Topics: Fatigue; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders
PubMed: 35162747
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031724 -
Harvard Review of Psychiatry• Analyze and compare the different bipolar disorder (BD) types.• Identify markers that distinguish BD types and explain how the DSM-IV defines the disorder. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
LEARNING OBJECTIVES AFTER PARTICIPATING IN THIS CME ACTIVITY, THE PSYCHIATRIST SHOULD BE BETTER ABLE TO
• Analyze and compare the different bipolar disorder (BD) types.• Identify markers that distinguish BD types and explain how the DSM-IV defines the disorder.
ABSTRACT
Since the status of type II bipolar disorder (BD2) as a separate and distinct form of bipolar disorder (BD) remains controversial, we reviewed studies that directly compare BD2 to type I bipolar disorder (BD1). Systematic literature searching yielded 36 reports with head-to-head comparisons involving 52,631 BD1 and 37,363 BD2 patients (total N = 89,994) observed for 14.6 years, regarding 21 factors (with 12 reports/factor). BD2 subjects had significantly more additional psychiatric diagnoses, depressions/year, rapid cycling, family psychiatric history, female sex, and antidepressant treatment, but less treatment with lithium or antipsychotics, fewer hospitalizations or psychotic features, and lower unemployment rates than BD1 subjects. However, the diagnostic groups did not differ significantly in education, onset age, marital status, [hypo]manias/year, risk of suicide attempts, substance use disorders, medical comorbidities, or access to psychotherapy. Heterogeneity in reported comparisons of BD2 and BD1 limits the firmness of some observations, but study findings indicate that the BD types differ substantially by several descriptive and clinical measures and that BD2 remains diagnostically stable over many years. We conclude that BD2 requires better clinical recognition and significantly more research aimed at optimizing its treatment.
Topics: Humans; Female; Bipolar Disorder; Mania; Psychotherapy; Antipsychotic Agents; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
PubMed: 37437249
DOI: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000371 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Aug 2023Evidence-based interventions addressing the needs of couples co-parenting young children while facing an advanced cancer diagnosis are lacking. Thus, this study seeks to...
BACKGROUND
Evidence-based interventions addressing the needs of couples co-parenting young children while facing an advanced cancer diagnosis are lacking. Thus, this study seeks to identify parenting-related intervention needs and delivery preferences of advanced cancer patients and their spouses/co-parents.
METHODS
Twenty-one couples completed quantitative measures of cancer-related parenting concerns, relationship and family functioning, and service needs along with individual semi-structured interviews.
RESULTS
Patients (mean age=44 years, 48% female, 91% White) and spouses (mean age=45 years, 52% female, 91% White) reported family distress (62% of couples) and marital distress (29% of couples). Parenting concerns were generally high with patients revealing concerns particularly regarding the practical impact of the cancer on the child(ren). Spouses rated concerns about the co-parent significantly higher (P<.001) than patients. Parenting concerns were inversely associated with relationship (P<.001 for patients; P=.03 for spouses) and family functioning (P<.001 for patients). Themes identified through qualitative interviews include needs related to maintenance of family routines and traditions, childcare, transportation, meals, home maintenance, and finances. Couples who endorsed marital distress also indicated a need for conflict resolution skills. All patients and 89% of spouses would like to receive parenting-related education/services; up to 50% of couples preferred targeted, self-led readings without therapist support; and up to 50% desired counseling sessions indicating a preference towards dyadic and video conferenced intervention delivery.
CONCLUSIONS
The delivery of optimal supportive care involves a family-focused perspective such as screening for parenting status and referrals to social work services to address the need of tangible resources and manage parenting-related distress.
Topics: Child; Humans; Female; Child, Preschool; Adult; Middle Aged; Male; Parenting; Needs Assessment; Parents; Neoplasms; Spouses
PubMed: 37148983
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.04.027 -
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy Jul 2022Burnout, defined as a state of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion caused by involvement in emotionally demanding work, is an occupational risk of helping...
Burnout, defined as a state of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion caused by involvement in emotionally demanding work, is an occupational risk of helping professions that has significant negative consequences. This study examined burnout among Couple/Marriage and Family Therapy (C/MFT) trainees and its association with various demands and resources at the individual and practice-related levels as well as variables specific to their trainee status. Data came from an online study on 78 C/MFT trainees from 13 states enrolled in Couple and Family Therapy graduate programs nationwide. More than half of the participants reported various levels of burnout indicating that the issue of burnout merits the special attention of C/MFT educators and supervisors. All significant factors associated with burnout were related to the training context and included: supervision satisfaction, hours spent in a setting and caseload dissatisfaction. Findings and implications for supervision are discussed in the context of C/MFT training.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; Emotions; Humans; Marital Therapy; Personal Satisfaction; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34687556
DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12561 -
Indian Journal of Public Health 2022Postpartum depression (PPD) is onset of depressive symptoms in postpartum period from 2 weeks to 1 year. It causes maternal morbidity and long-term negative effects on...
CONTEXT
Postpartum depression (PPD) is onset of depressive symptoms in postpartum period from 2 weeks to 1 year. It causes maternal morbidity and long-term negative effects on growth and development of infant and child. It is often unreported and underdiagnosed.
AIMS
(1) To estimate the prevalence of PPD, (2) To determine socio-demographic, clinical, and obstetric correlates of the same.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was done in urban and rural areas of District Aligarh.
METHODS
A total of 304 females between 6 weeks and 6 months' postpartum period giving consent were included in this study. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinico-social factors were recorded using predesigned, pretested questionnaire. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥10 was used to screen for PPD and International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) criteria for confirmation.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Correlates of PPD were determined using logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The prevalence of PPD was 9.5% using EPDS and was confirmed by ICD-10 criteria. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 6.0, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.2-16.5), poor relationship with in-laws (AOR: 5.1; 95% CI 1.3-20.5), marital conflict (AOR: 13.3; 95% CI 2.2-77.6), and substance abuse in husband (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI 1.1-9.0) were found to be significant correlates for PPD.
CONCLUSIONS
About one in every 10 postpartum females suffered from depression but did not seek health care for the same. Women facing social pathologies such as substance abuse in husband, marital conflict, and poor relationship with in-laws are more at risk of PPD. Screening for PPD should be included in the maternal and child health care programs to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Cross-Sectional Studies; Risk Factors; India; Postpartum Period; Prevalence
PubMed: 37039176
DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1694_21 -
Medicine Apr 2023Marriage has been reported as a beneficial factor associated with improved survival among cancer patients, but conflicting results have been observed in cervical...
Marriage has been reported as a beneficial factor associated with improved survival among cancer patients, but conflicting results have been observed in cervical adenocarcinoma (AC). Thus, this study is aimed to examine the relationship between the prognosis of cervical AC and marital status. Eligible patients were selected from 2004 to 2015 using the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between married and unmarried groups. A total of 3096 patients had been identified, with married ones accounting for 51.29% (n = 1588). Compared to unmarried groups, more patients in the married group were relatively younger (aged ≤ 45) and belonged to white race, with grade I/II, Federation of International of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) stage I/II and tumor size ≤4 cm. Apart from that, more patients received surgery, whereas fewer patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy (all P < 0.05). The 5-year CSS and OS rates were 80.16% and 78.26% in married patients, 68.58% and 64.62% in the unmarried group (P < .0001). Multivariate analysis showed that marital status was an independent prognostic factor, and the married group performed better CSS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.770; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.663-0.895; P = .001) as well as OS (HR: 0.751; 95%CI: 0.653-0.863; P < .001). As demonstrated by the results of subgroup analysis, married patients had better CSS and OS survival than unmarried ones in nearly all the subgroups. Marital status was identified as an independent prognostic factor for improved survival in patients with cervical AC.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; SEER Program; Marital Status; Marriage; Adenocarcinoma
PubMed: 37083782
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033597 -
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy Oct 2021
Topics: Family Therapy; Humans; Marital Therapy
PubMed: 34669991
DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12557 -
Heliyon Jan 2024Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted...
OBJECTIVES
Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted interventions. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between attachment styles and marital infidelity.
METHODS
Seventeen studies were included, sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo, with no time limitations, up to April 2023. The search employed terms like "attachment AND marital infidelity." Study quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool from RevMan version 5.3.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis involved a total of 13,666 participants, ranging from 208 to 4047 individuals. Findings showed that higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in attachment were significantly associated with increased marital infidelity ( = 0.18, 95 % CI = 0.14-0.22, p < 0.0001). Conversely, weaker attachment insecurity was linked to reduced rates of marital infidelity. Additionally, both dismissive and fearful attachment styles correlated with marital infidelity, with respective weighted effect sizes of = 0.07, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.04-0.10) and = 0.19, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.10-0.29). No association was found between preoccupied attachment and infidelity.
CONCLUSION
Individuals with insecure attachment styles, specifically those with high levels of anxiety or avoidance, are more likely to engage in marital infidelity. Attachment styles should be a focus in couples therapy, especially for treatment related to infidelity. Assessing and addressing these underlying attachment issues can better guide therapists in their work with couples facing infidelity.
PubMed: 38163207
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23261 -
International Urology and Nephrology Dec 2021Quality of life (QOL) and physical activity (PA) is reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim was to investigate the impact of marital status and...
PURPOSE
Quality of life (QOL) and physical activity (PA) is reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim was to investigate the impact of marital status and educational level on QOL and PA in patients with CKD including dialysis treatment.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included ambulatory adult patients undergoing dialysis or CKD stage 4-5. Data for marital status, educational level and PA were obtained using the Danish health and Morbidity Survey. QOL was assessed using the Physical Component Scale and the Mental Component Scale scores from the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument.
RESULTS
Five hundred twelve participants were included: 316 (62%) were married/had a permanent partner, 119 (23%) had a low level of education, 327 (67%) were physically active. After confounder adjustments (age, sex, treatment), having a permanent partner was associated with greater scores in Mental Component Scale, β 2.88 [CI 95% 0.99; 4.77], p = 0.003, and being physically active in women OR 2.237 [1.231; 4.066], p = 0.008. A high vs low educational level was associated with greater scores in Physical Component Scale (3.79 [1.01; 6.58], p = 0.008) and in Mental Component Scale (3.55 [0.82; 6.28], p = 0.011).
CONCLUSION
In ambulatory patients with CKD stage 4-5, being married or having a permanent partner and a high educational level had positive impacts on mental QOL. Higher educational level was also associated with better physical QOL. The presented inequality in QOL should be considered in communications, care and treatments in clinical practice.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Denmark; Educational Status; Exercise; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Marital Status; Quality of Life; Renal Dialysis; Social Class
PubMed: 33674948
DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-02826-6 -
Aging and Health Research Jun 2022Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid disruption on work, social activities and family life. Pre-pandemic norms suggested that women spend more time in unpaid...
BACKGROUND
Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid disruption on work, social activities and family life. Pre-pandemic norms suggested that women spend more time in unpaid work roles and with childcare, while men spend more time in paid work roles. This study aims to understand: 1) the distribution of unpaid work roles within households, and 2) if there are certain factors that explain the unpaid work roles within a household during the pandemic.
METHODS
This study used a cross-sectional survey of people across the globe, during the pandemic. The survey, administered through a virtual platform of Qualtrics, consisted of the following sections: (a) consent, (b) location and job description (c) marital status and household numbers (d) age, sex, and gender (e) unpaid work roles and family responsibilities. Descriptive statistics and percentages were reported for all the data regarding the study variables. A multivariable regression model was used to understand which factors may explain the changes in unpaid work roles recalling before and during the pandemic.
RESULTS
This survey was completed by 1847 participants. The mean age was 30 years old (standard deviation of 13.3). The majority of participants identified themselves as women (76.0%) and single (62.1%). The multivariable linear regression indicated that marital status (single, common-law, married, divorced), higher number of household members (1-8,12), older age, higher number of dependent children, and gender (female) were positive and significant predictors of baseline changes in unpaid work role scores, explaining 50% of the variance (R = 0.50).
DISCUSSION
All households experienced a significant increase in the amount of unpaid work roles during the pandemic. However, older women who were in a relationship and experienced additional household members such as dependent children or sick older adults, were faced with more changes in unpaid work roles during COVID-19, than other individuals.
PubMed: 35316984
DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100071