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The Journal of Pediatrics Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Dermoid Cyst; Nose Neoplasms; Nose; Fistula
PubMed: 36822508
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.01.022 -
Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &... Dec 2021The aim of this study was to present the evaluation and current management of congenital paediatric nasal dermoid. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The aim of this study was to present the evaluation and current management of congenital paediatric nasal dermoid.
RECENT FINDINGS
There has been a trend towards less invasive surgical excision techniques, including purely endoscopic excision, endoscopic-assisted approaches and midline excision with nasal bone osteotomies and bone flap. These approaches allow adequate access for both total resection and nasal contour and skull base reconstruction. Following resection, if nasal bone osteotomies are insufficient for restoring nasal appearance, free temporoparietal fascial graft and/or conchal cartilage can be considered. For nasal tip deformities, interdomal sutures and free fat grafting are a suitable option.
SUMMARY
Complete surgical excision remains the treatment of choice for nasal dermoid lesions. The surgical approach taken and reconstruction depends on the type of lesion (cyst versus sinus or fistula), location (intranasal versus extranasal), whether or not there is intracranial extension, and experience of the surgical team.
Topics: Child; Dermoid Cyst; Endoscopy; Humans; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Skull Base
PubMed: 34710067
DOI: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000765 -
Harefuah Feb 2023Orbital dermoid cysts are benign choristomas that arise from the entrapment of ectodermal elements adjacent to the fetal bony suture lines. They are considered... (Review)
Review
Orbital dermoid cysts are benign choristomas that arise from the entrapment of ectodermal elements adjacent to the fetal bony suture lines. They are considered congenital, but not all are diagnosed at birth. They are the most common orbital tumors in children. While superficial dermoid cysts appear early in life, deep dermoid cysts remain clinically occult until adolescence or adulthood, when they enlarge and may cause proptosis, ocular and orbital symptoms, and even neurological symptoms. In addition, many deep orbital dermoid cysts present with chronic inflammation resulting from lipid leakage from the cysts. They pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, require radiological imaging for planning the surgical approach and may be difficult to remove. Early diagnosis and complete surgical removal of the cysts are the recommended therapeutic approach. In this paper, we present a literature review of deep orbital dermoid cysts to provide useful guidance for their diagnosis and management.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Adult; Dermoid Cyst; Orbital Neoplasms; Inflammation; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Radiology
PubMed: 36916079
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Craniofacial SurgeryEpidermoid and dermoid cysts are benign developmental anomalies that can form anywhere in the body. Despite the rarity of incidence in the head and neck, they can arise... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Epidermoid and dermoid cysts are benign developmental anomalies that can form anywhere in the body. Despite the rarity of incidence in the head and neck, they can arise at a variety of craniofacial locations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features of epidermoid and dermoid cysts arising in the craniofacial region with a literature review.
METHODS
A retrospective study was designed, and clinical features and surgical considerations were investigated from a literature review. Cases of epidermoid cysts in the scalp, temporal area, glabellar area, mouth floor, and buccal mucosa were described.
RESULTS
Dermoid cysts in more lateral regions of the scalp are rarely associated with intracranial extension. Because temporal dermoid cysts have a high rate of intracranial extension, radiological evaluation of the lesions in the temporal area is imperative. Epidermoid cysts in the glabellar area are usually superficial. Consideration of the surgical approach for an epidermoid cyst of the mouth floor is important. Because epidermoid cysts in the buccal mucosa are extremely rare, differential diagnosis was emphasized. Epidermoid cysts in the scalp, in the temporal intradiploic area, on the glabellar area in the periorbital region, in the mouth floor, and in the buccal mucosa were surgically excised considering the depth and location. Ten cases of epidermoid cysts in the buccal mucosa were retrieved from the literature review.
CONCLUSIONS
Consideration of the anatomic locations of epidermoid and dermoid cysts in the craniofacial region might help facilitate accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Humans; Epidermal Cyst; Dermoid Cyst; Retrospective Studies; Face; Scalp
PubMed: 37487139
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000009561 -
Ophthalmology Aug 2020
Topics: Dermoid Cyst; Humans
PubMed: 32703399
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.04.012 -
Radiology Case Reports Dec 2022Cervical teratomas are one of the rare tumors. Relating to the size of the tumor, they present as a huge neck mass with solid and cystic components. Furthermore, they...
Cervical teratomas are one of the rare tumors. Relating to the size of the tumor, they present as a huge neck mass with solid and cystic components. Furthermore, they are able to induce a hyperextension of the neck, neonatal respiratory distress, and possible malignancy. The computed tomography scan examination of this case revealed that there was a mass. It was a component of a teratoma and pathological anatomy which supported the finding. Thus, this study provided a case of a fully excised and cured cervical mature teratoma occurred in an infant. Surgical management must be undergone as thorough as feasible in order to prevent recurrences and the development of the cancer.
PubMed: 36204400
DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.08.106 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2019Germ cell tumors, because they contain immature and mature elements, can differentiate into different tissue types. They can exhibit unusual imaging features or manifest... (Review)
Review
Germ cell tumors, because they contain immature and mature elements, can differentiate into different tissue types. They can exhibit unusual imaging features or manifest in a syndromic fashion. The authors describe these features and assign them to one of the following categories: unusual manifestations of metastatic disease (growing teratoma syndrome, choriocarcinoma syndrome, ossified metastases, and gliomatosis peritonei); autoimmune manifestations (sarcoidlike reaction and paraneoplastic syndromes); endocrine syndromes (sex hormone production, struma ovarii, and struma carcinoid); or miscellaneous conditions (ruptured dermoid cyst, squamous cell carcinoma arising from a mature teratoma, Currarino triad, fetus in fetu, pseudo-Meigs syndrome, and pancreatitis). Rare conditions associated with germ cell tumors demonstrate characteristic imaging findings that can help lead to the appropriate diagnosis and management recommendations. When evaluating for potential metastatic disease, alternative benign diagnoses should be considered (eg, growing teratoma syndrome, ossified metastases, ruptured dermoid cyst, gliomatosis peritonei, and sarcoidlike reaction), which may impact management. Germ cell tumors may also lead to life-threatening complications such as extensive hemorrhage from choriocarcinoma metastases or the rupture of mature teratomas, cases in which timely diagnosis is crucial. Autoimmune and endocrine manifestations such as paraneoplastic encephalitis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and hyperthyroidism may occur owing to the presence of germ cell tumors and can create a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians. Knowledge of the syndromic and unusual imaging findings associated with germ cell tumors helps guide appropriate management. RSNA, 2019.
Topics: Anal Canal; Autoimmune Diseases; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Choriocarcinoma; Dermoid Cyst; Digestive System Abnormalities; Female; Fetus; Humans; Male; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Ossification, Heterotopic; Pancreatitis; Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Pregnancy; Rectum; Sacrum; Syringomyelia; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31125295
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2019180050 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Jul 2021Teratomas are benign germ cell tumors originating from at least two germ layers, mostly of ectodermal and mesodermal origin. Mature teratomas are the most common subtype...
Teratomas are benign germ cell tumors originating from at least two germ layers, mostly of ectodermal and mesodermal origin. Mature teratomas are the most common subtype and develop from well-differentiated germ cells. Although the location is extragonadal in infants and young children, gonadal involvement occurs in adults. Midline defects can be diagnosed on prenatal imaging. In this case report, a newborn with mature cystic teratoma and a prenatal lumbar midline closure defect was presented. The perinatal preliminary diagnosis was meningomyelocele. However, a cystic sac containing exophytic solid tumoral tissues approximately 5 × 5 × 3 cm in size was seen macroscopically in the lumbar region after the birth, and this tumor was totally resected. After tumor excision, spina bifida aperta and vertebral exophytic bony tissue compatible with diastematomyelia were observed at the bottom of the surgical field and were totally resected. In the short-term follow-up, no additional problem occurred. The histopathological diagnosis was "mature cystic teratoma." In conclusion, extragonadal teratoma accompanying diastematomyelia could easily be mistaken for meningomyelocele or other common malformations. Perinatal diagnosis should be provided using radiodiagnostic methods, and total surgical excision and accurate pathological diagnosis are essential to avoid the risk of recurrence.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Dermoid Cyst; Humans; Meningomyelocele; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Spine; Teratoma
PubMed: 33404722
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-05017-3 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... May 2021
Topics: Alligators and Crocodiles; Animals; Dermoid Cyst; Humans; Infratentorial Neoplasms; Spina Bifida Occulta
PubMed: 33392648
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-05015-5 -
The Journal of International Advanced... Dec 2020A case of mastoid dermoid cyst (DC) was presented, and differences with cases of other temporal bone DCs were analyzed. The mastoid DC was also compared with mastoid... (Review)
Review
A case of mastoid dermoid cyst (DC) was presented, and differences with cases of other temporal bone DCs were analyzed. The mastoid DC was also compared with mastoid congenital cholesteatoma. We reported a case of a patient with mastoid DC, evaluating her clinical, radiological, and surgical findings. A review of the literature was performed to compare our findings with those reported. The preoperative radiological evaluation prompted us to plan a surgical approach to the lesion, suspecting the presence of a mastoid congenital cholesteatoma. The surgical findings were in line with the presence of a mastoid DC. Only two cases reported in the literature presented features that fulfilled the criteria of a true mastoid DC. A DC confined to the mastoid region is an extremely rare clinical entity, with asymptomatic and slow growth. Preoperative radiological differentiation between congenital cholesteatoma and DCs with atypical features can be difficult. However, surgical excision is the treatment of choice in both cases. Diagnosis is confirmed by the histological evaluation.
Topics: Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear; Dermoid Cyst; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mastoid; Middle Aged
PubMed: 33136032
DOI: 10.5152/iao.2020.7854