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European Archives of Psychiatry and... Apr 2021
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Ketamine; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 33666694
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01249-9 -
Nature Reviews. Urology Oct 2020Many patients with prostate cancer experience severe levels of depression, which can negatively affect their treatment and disease course. Some prostate cancer... (Review)
Review
Many patients with prostate cancer experience severe levels of depression, which can negatively affect their treatment and disease course. Some prostate cancer treatments can increase the severity of a patient's depression, for example, by increasing anhedonia and erectile dysfunction. Depression is often thought of as a unitary phenomenon, but multiple subtypes can be distinguished. This variety of manifestations challenges the successful application of universal antidepressant treatment options and argues for a multi-symptom assessment process that considers a patient's disease burden and their particular form of depression. Inclusion of screening and detailed diagnosis of depression can be argued to be part of good practice, and clinicians are urged to consider when and how this might be accomplished within their urological practice.
Topics: Androgen Antagonists; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Male; Medical Oncology; Prostatic Neoplasms; Resilience, Psychological; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological; Urinary Incontinence; Urology
PubMed: 32733038
DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0354-4 -
Topics in Antiviral Medicine 2022Depressive disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders among people with HIV. Depressive disorders cause great suffering and disability and, among people with...
Depressive disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders among people with HIV. Depressive disorders cause great suffering and disability and, among people with HIV, are associated with numerous negative HIV outcomes, including nonadherence to antiretroviral medication and increased morbidity and mortality. This article is focused on the detection, differential diagnosis, and management of depressive disorders among adults in HIV primary care settings in the United States. Because of the siloed nature of HIV primary health care and behavioral health care in the United States, this paper is geared toward clinicians who are not behavioral health specialists and who are working in HIV care settings that have limited access to behavioral health services and still seek to treat depressive disorders. In clinical settings that are fortunate enough to have well-integrated behavioral health services, HIV primary care clinicians may be able to depend on this specialist workforce, but these settings tend to be the exception and not the rule.
Topics: Adult; Humans; United States; HIV Infections; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Depressive Disorder
PubMed: 36346702
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... May 2023Major depressive disorder is a growing and poorly understood pathology. Due to technical and ethical limitations, a significant proportion of the research on depressive... (Review)
Review
Major depressive disorder is a growing and poorly understood pathology. Due to technical and ethical limitations, a significant proportion of the research on depressive disorders cannot be performed on patients, but needs to be investigated in animal paradigms. Over the years, animal studies have provided new insight in the mechanisms underlying depression. Several of these studies have used PET imaging for the non-invasive and longitudinal investigation of the brain physiology. This review summarises the findings of preclinical PET imaging in different experimental paradigms of depression and compares these findings with observations from human studies. Preclinical PET studies in animal models of depression can be divided into three main different approaches: (a) investigation of glucose metabolism as a biomarker for regional and network involvement, (b) evaluation of the availability of different neuroreceptor populations associated with depressive phenotypes, and (c) monitoring of the inflammatory response in phenotypes of depression. This review also assesses the relevance of the use of PET imaging techniques in animal paradigms for the understanding of specific aspects of the depressive-like phenotypes, in particular whether it might contribute to achieve a more detailed characterisation of the clinical depressive phenotypes for the development of new therapies for depression.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Depressive Disorder, Major; Positron-Emission Tomography; Models, Animal; Phenotype; Brain; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 36642759
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06073-4 -
Journal of Geriatric Oncology Sep 2019The increasing number of older adults living with cancer will inevitably include vulnerable subgroups who experience a range of depressive symptoms throughout the care... (Review)
Review
The increasing number of older adults living with cancer will inevitably include vulnerable subgroups who experience a range of depressive symptoms throughout the care continuum. It is well established that depression can lead to decreased quality of life, poor treatment adherence, increased length of hospital stay and health service utilization, and in severe cases, suicide. Thus, clinicians working in oncology must be able to identify, conceptualize, and treat (or connect to services) the mental health concerns of their older patients. This brief review describes the unique etiologies, features, and treatments for depressive syndromes among older adults in the oncology setting, drawing on the literature and prevailing depression management guidelines from both psycho-oncology and geriatric depression research.
Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Geriatric Psychiatry; Humans; Neoplasms; Patient Health Questionnaire; Problem Solving; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psycho-Oncology; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 30797709
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.02.005 -
The Journal of Nervous and Mental... Mar 2023This study aimed to compare clinical-demographic features of melancholic and nonmelancholic depressions. We included 141 depressed inpatients classified as melancholic...
This study aimed to compare clinical-demographic features of melancholic and nonmelancholic depressions. We included 141 depressed inpatients classified as melancholic and nonmelancholic by the Sydney Melancholia Prototype Index (SMPI) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Results were controlled for confounders, including severity measures. Melancholic patients by both diagnostic systems were more severely depressed and presented more psychotic symptoms, neurological soft signs, and psychomotor disturbances. Melancholic patients classified by the SMPI were also older at illness onset and had fewer suicide attempts. After controlling for confounders, although all differences remained significant for SMPI diagnosis, the DSM-5 diagnosis of melancholia was only associated with further impaired motor sequencing. The results obtained with the SMPI support the hypothesis that melancholia has clinical features qualitatively different from those of nonmelancholic depressions. Contrarily, the DSM-5 specifier seems to reflect the severity of depressive episodes rather than core clinical features of melancholia.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Psychotic Disorders; Suicide, Attempted; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
PubMed: 36827637
DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001616 -
Annals of Clinical Psychiatry :... Nov 2022The newly developed app TellUs is a digital offering for psychiatric outpatient treatment that includes diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The aim of this study was to...
BACKGROUND
The newly developed app TellUs is a digital offering for psychiatric outpatient treatment that includes diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The aim of this study was to test the clinical efficiency and patient satisfaction of TellUs.
METHODS
Sixty-four patients with depressive disorder took part in the study for 3 months. The intervention group was treated digitally with TellUs and the control group received visiting treatment (treatment as usual) during that time.
RESULTS
In both groups, a significant decrease of depressive symptoms and general strain through psychological symptoms, along with an increase of quality of life in the psychological domain, was shown. Furthermore, both groups were highly satisfied with the treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
TellUs was shown to be equivalent to treatment as usual in terms of clinical efficiency and patient satisfaction.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Outpatients; Telemedicine; Psychotherapy; Depressive Disorder
PubMed: 36282605
DOI: 10.12788/acp.0091 -
The Psychiatric Clinics of North America Jun 2023Major depressive disorder is a substantial public health challenge impacting at least 3 million adolescents annually in the United States. Depressive symptoms do not... (Review)
Review
Major depressive disorder is a substantial public health challenge impacting at least 3 million adolescents annually in the United States. Depressive symptoms do not improve in approximately 30% of adolescents who receive evidence-based treatments. Treatment-resistant depression in adolescents is broadly defined as a depressive disorder that does not respond to a 2-month course of an antidepressant medication at a dose equivalent of 40 mg of fluoxetine daily or 8 to 16 sessions of a cognitive behavioral or interpersonal therapy. This article reviews historical work, recent literature on classification, current evidence-based approaches, and emerging interventional research.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Depressive Disorder, Major; Antidepressive Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Treatment Outcome; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 37149350
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.02.007 -
Fortschritte Der Neurologie-Psychiatrie Mar 2020Distinguishing between melancholic and non-melancholic depression is still of significant importance in the classification and differentiation of depressive disorders.... (Review)
Review
Distinguishing between melancholic and non-melancholic depression is still of significant importance in the classification and differentiation of depressive disorders. Melancholy appears to be a psychopathological and biologically based entity which can be described as a disorder of drive and which finds its extreme culmination in depressive delusion. Its pathogenesis ranges from the melancholic predisposed personality, mostly of the Typus melancholicus, over psychomotor inhibition and depersonalization, to depressive delusion. Delusion arises from the fear that the realization of basic human values, such as one's existence for important others or ideals, health and livelihood has become hopeless. A clear understanding of the nature and pathogenesis of melancholic delusional depression not only facilitates the diagnostic process, and the empathic assistance to the patient, but also has direct consequences for an appropriate treatment of this disorder.
Topics: Delusions; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Personality; Personality Inventory
PubMed: 31378852
DOI: 10.1055/a-0957-3226 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Apr 2024Over the course of the 19th century, the concept of melancholia morphed from a partial insanity defined by disorders of judgment to a disorder characterized primarily by... (Review)
Review
Over the course of the 19th century, the concept of melancholia morphed from a partial insanity defined by disorders of judgment to a disorder characterized primarily by mood disturbances. The francophone Belgian psychiatrist Joseph Guislain, whose work has not been previously translated into English, played an important role in this transition. We translate and comment upon two of his key descriptions of melancholia from 1835 and 1852, emphasizing the following 5 features. First, his concept of melancholia is quite "modern" meeting all DSM-5 criteria for major depression. Second, his clinical descriptions are vivid, often giving voice to his patients. Third, other aspects of his text reflect older concepts, including 17th century melancholic subtypes. Fourth, and of particular historical import, he was, in 1835, likely the first major European alienist to argue that nonpsychotic melancholia was an important form of the disorder and a legitimate mental illness. This represented key step in the transition of melancholia from a psychotic to a mood disorder and also helped expand the 18th century model of insanity which was as restricted solely to disturbances of judgment/imagination. Fifth, beginning with his 1835 writings, but more prominently in his 1852 text, Guislain emphasizes that melancholia is a form of phrenalgia - mental pain. In so doing, he played an important role in helping initiate this influential psychophysiological theory of melancholia that was championed by Wilhelm Griesinger and other important German and English psychiatrists later in the 19th century.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Psychotic Disorders; Mood Disorders; Depressive Disorder, Major; Writing
PubMed: 38253135
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.195