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Journal of Inflammation Research 2021Ifosfamide (IFS) has potential complications such as nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). Although mesna can prevent IFS-induced cystitis by direct binding and...
BACKGROUND
Ifosfamide (IFS) has potential complications such as nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). Although mesna can prevent IFS-induced cystitis by direct binding and neutralization of acrolein, HC symptoms have still been observed clinically in most of these cases. is a powerful healing vegetable that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. The current study evaluated the synergistic effects of mesna and celery seed on IFS-induced HC in rabbits.
METHODS
Twenty male rabbits (four groups) were administered distilled water, IFS, mesna, and mesna+celery seed cotherapy (MCC) for three weeks. The serum and urinary bladder of experimental rabbits underwent biochemical (TNF-α, MDA, iNOS, SOD, GPx, and CAT), histopathological and ultrastructural investigations to evaluate the structural changes of the urinary bladder (UB).
RESULTS
IFS injection resulted in severe cystitis with a remarkable increase in the scale of hematuria, elevations of TNF-α, MDA, and iNOS activity, and reduced activity of SOD, GPx, and CAT antioxidants. Additionally, the structure of UB exhibited evident mucosal edema and ulceration. In contrast, the MCC regimen group revealed partial synergistic improvement of all mentioned parameters.
CONCLUSION
IFS induced cystitis by releasing acrolein, which exerted a significant role in the pathogenesis of HC. In contrast, the MCC intake partially ameliorated the UB damage through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
PubMed: 34795496
DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S337405 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021The lung is severely affected by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Mesna, a thiol compound, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed in...
The lung is severely affected by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Mesna, a thiol compound, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed in the present work to explore the potential beneficial effects of Mesna on the acute lung damage mediated by intestinal I-R in a rat model. Forty male adult albino rats were randomly separated into; control, intestinal I-R, Mesna I and Mesna II groups. Mesna was administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 60 min before ischemia (Mesna I) and after reperfusion (Mesna II). Arterial blood gases and total proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were measured. Lung tissue homogenates were utilized for biochemical assays of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Lung specimens were managed for examination by light and electron microscopy. Our results revealed that Mesna attenuated the histopathological changes and apoptosis of the lung following intestinal I-R. Mesna also recovered systemic oxygenation. Mesna suppressed neutrophil infiltration (as endorsed by the reduction in MPO level), reduced ICAM-1 mRNA expression, inhibited NF-κB pathway and reduced the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in the lung tissues. Mesna maintained the antioxidant profile as evidenced by the elevation of the tissue GPx and SOD and down-regulation of HSP70 immune-expressions. Accordingly, Mesna treatment can be a promising way to counteract remote injury of the lung resulted from intestinal I-R.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cytokines; Down-Regulation; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Inflammation; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Intestines; Lung; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mesna; Neutrophil Infiltration; Oxidative Stress; RNA, Messenger; Rats; Reperfusion Injury
PubMed: 34172794
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92653-7 -
Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica :... Oct 2021The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of different doses of sodium-2-mercaptoethanesulphonate (MESNA) and 5-fluorouracil on cholesteatoma...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of different doses of sodium-2-mercaptoethanesulphonate (MESNA) and 5-fluorouracil on cholesteatoma formation.
METHODS
Fifty-six Wistar albino male rats were divided into seven groups with eight rats in each. On the first, eighth and fifteenth days, 0.2 ml of saline was administered to the group 1 (control group), and propylene glycol to induce cholesteatoma the other groups. On the 22 day of the study, 0.2 ml saline was given to Group 1 and Group 2. Groups 3 to 7 were treated with 0.2 ml 100% MESNA, 0.2 ml 50% MESNA, 0.2 ml 20% MESNA, 0.2 ml 5-fluorouracil and 0.1 ml 100% MESNA plus 0.1 ml 5-fluorouracil, respectively, with all applications performed by intratympanic injection.
RESULTS
Significant differences were found between Group 1 and all other groups except Group 3. Significant differences were also found between Group 3 and Groups 2, 5 and 6 (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
According to the results of this study, experimental cholesteatoma induced with propylene glycol may be inhibited by MESNA at 100% concentration.
Topics: Animals; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear; Fluorouracil; Humans; Mesna; Propylene Glycols; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 34734585
DOI: 10.14639/0392-100X-N1392 -
European Journal of Oncology Nursing :... Oct 2019to map (a) methodological features, (b) Haemorrhagic Cystitis (HC) preventive and treatment interventions scrutinized to date, (c) outcomes measured, and (d) trends in... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
to map (a) methodological features, (b) Haemorrhagic Cystitis (HC) preventive and treatment interventions scrutinized to date, (c) outcomes measured, and (d) trends in effectiveness as documented among Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplanted (HSCT) adults.
METHODS
A scoping review was performed in 2018. Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane Systematic Reviews databases were researched using "haemorrhagic cystitis", "prevention", "treatment", "prevent*" and "treat*" as search terms. Handsearching was also performed. Clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, comparative and observational studies, reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in English and concerning adults were all included.
RESULTS
Fifteen primary studies, mainly monocentric, retrospective and with a sample size <200, were identified. Seven focused on preventive (mainly continuous bladder irrigation and mesna) and eight on treatment interventions (mainly intravenous and intravesical cidofovir). The onset of micro and macrohaematuria and the clinical resolution of HC were the main measured outcomes. Positive effectiveness trends were apparent for mesna and cidofovir.
CONCLUSIONS
In HC prevention and treatment, published primary studies are sparse and further research is required with larger, multicenter, and longitudinal designs conducted at international levels, with standardized methods, interventions, outcome measures, and reported data.
Topics: Adult; Cystitis; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Hemorrhage; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 31446264
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2019.07.005 -
Autophagy Sep 2022Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis. Over the past two decades, a series of... (Review)
Review
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis. Over the past two decades, a series of scientific breakthroughs have helped explain autophagy-related molecular mechanisms and physiological functions. This tremendous progress continues to depend largely on powerful research methods, specifically, various autophagy marker Atg8-PE protein-based methods for studying membrane dynamics and monitoring autophagic activity. Recently, several biochemical approaches have been successfully developed to produce the lipidated protein Atg8-PE or its mimics , including enzyme-mediated reconstitution systems, chemically defined reconstitution systems, cell-free lipidation systems and protein chemical synthesis. These approaches have contributed important insights into the mechanisms underlying Atg8-mediated membrane dynamics and protein-protein interactions, creating a new perspective in autophagy studies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize Atg8-PE protein-based biochemical approaches and recent advances to facilitate a better understanding of autophagy mechanisms. In addition, we highlight the advantages and disadvantages of various Atg8-PE protein-based approaches to provide general guidance for their use in studying autophagy. ATG: autophagy related; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; COPII: coat protein complex II; DGS-NTA: 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-[(N-(5-amino-1-carboxypentyl)iminodiacetic acid)succinyl] (nickel salt); DPPE: 1,2-dipalmitoyl--glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine; DSPE: 1,2-distearoyl--glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine; ; EPL: expressed protein ligation; ERGIC: ER-Golgi intermediate compartment; GABARAP: GABA type A receptor-associated protein; GABARAPL1: GABA type A receptor associated protein like 1; GABARAPL2: GABA type A receptor associated protein like 2; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GUVs: giant unilamellar vesicles; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MBP: maltose binding protein; MEFs: mouse embryonic fibroblasts; MESNa: 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt; NCL: native chemical ligation; NTA: nitrilotriacetic acid; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PS: phosphatidylserine; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; SPPS: solid-phase peptide synthesis; TEV: tobacco etch virus; WT: wild-type.
Topics: Animals; Autophagy; Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family; Escherichia coli; Fibroblasts; Mice; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
PubMed: 35072587
DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2025572 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Jul 2023Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) causes organ dysfunction as a result of the increased formation of various reactive oxygen metabolites, infiltration of inflammatory cells,...
BACKGROUND
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) causes organ dysfunction as a result of the increased formation of various reactive oxygen metabolites, infiltration of inflammatory cells, interstitial edema, cellular dysfunction, and tissue death.
AIM
The study aimed to investigate the cytoprotective effect of 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA) against tissue damage in rats exposed to carotid ischemia-reperfusion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): sham, carotid I/R, I/R + MESNA (75 mg/kg), and I/R + MESNA (150 mg/kg) groups. To induce ischemia in rats, the carotid arteries were ligated with silk sutures for 10 min; the silk suture was then opened, and 1 h reperfusion was done. MESNA (75 and 150 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia-reperfusion. Tissue samples from the animals were taken for histological examination, while the serum levels of some biochemical parameters were utilized to evaluate the systemic alterations. ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were applied with a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS
The ischemia-reperfusion-induced tissue damage as evidenced by increase in serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -8) was significantly (P < 0.05-0.0001) reversed after treatment with MESNA in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with MESNA (75 and 150 mg/kg), significantly (P < 0.05-0.0001) decreased the I/R-induced increase in serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 β).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that MESNA has a protective effect on tissues by suppressing cellular responses to oxidants and inflammatory mediators associated with carotid ischemia-reperfusion.
Topics: Male; Rats; Animals; Mesna; Lung Injury; Rats, Wistar; Brain; Ischemia; Reperfusion; Silk
PubMed: 37635578
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_654_22 -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Aug 2021Sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (Mesna) has been proposed as a chemical aid in any surgical procedure, including cholesteatoma surgery. This review investigated the...
OBJECTIVE
Sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (Mesna) has been proposed as a chemical aid in any surgical procedure, including cholesteatoma surgery. This review investigated the benefits and safety of Mesna during surgical management of cholesteatoma and adhesive otitis media.
METHOD
A systematic literature review was performed to identify clinical studies evaluating topical Mesna application during ear surgery (cholesteatoma or atelectasis). A qualitative analysis based on data extracted was conducted.
RESULTS
From 27 articles, 5 retrospective studies were selected for a full analysis for a total of 607 patients (aged 5 to 72 years). Three studies evaluated cholesteatoma recidivism after Mesna application during cholesteatoma surgery, one study evaluated the surgical success rate of Mesna application for the treatment of atelectatic ears and adhesive otitis media, and one study evaluated potential ototoxicity of Mesna during cholesteatoma surgery. All the studies showed overall improvement in recurrence and residual cholesteatoma disease after Mesna application during surgery. Sensorineural hearing loss was not encountered after Mesna application.
CONCLUSION
Mesna application in cholesteatoma surgery could represent a valid and safe support tool during surgical treatment carried out both with microscopy and endoscopy. More studies are required to confirm these promising results.
Topics: Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear; Ear, Middle; Humans; Mesna; Otitis Media; Protective Agents
PubMed: 34219630
DOI: 10.1017/S0022215121001535 -
Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica :... Feb 2021To determine whether submucosal mesna (2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate) infiltration is superior to normal saline or adrenaline + lidocaine in mucoperichondrial...
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether submucosal mesna (2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate) infiltration is superior to normal saline or adrenaline + lidocaine in mucoperichondrial hydrodissection.
METHODS
Twenty-one rabbits were administered adrenaline + lidocaine, saline or mesna. Bilateral septal mucoperichondrial flap elevations were performed following submucosal infiltration. The intraoperative bleeding amount, operation time, accessibility of the surgical plane, field quality and degree of mucoperichondrial injury were recorded. The three groups were compared histopathologically.
RESULTS
The amount of bleeding and duration of the operation were significantly higher and the accessibility of the surgical plane score was significantly lower in the saline group vs. the other groups (p < 0.05). The mucosal damage rate was significantly higher in the saline group compared with adrenaline + lidocaine (p < 0.05). The surgical field quality was significantly lower in the saline group compared with adrenaline + lidocaine (p < 0.05). The accessibility of the correct surgical plane score was significantly lower in the saline group compared with the adrenaline + lidocaine and mesna groups (p < 0.05). The amount of bleeding, duration of operation, surgical field quality and accessibility of the surgical plane did not differ significantly between the adrenaline + lidocaine and mesna groups (p > 0.05). The pericondrium thickness was significantly lower in the saline group than the other groups. Cartilage thickness was significantly higher in the saline group compared with the mesna group (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Use of mesna instead of normal saline or adrenaline + lidocaine in septoplasty was not more advantageous in terms of intraoperative parameters. The adrenaline + lidocaine group was superior to normal saline for all intraoperative parameters. In conclusion, the use of adrenaline may be more advantageous in facilitating septal mucoperichondrium elevation due to its widespread use, low cost and superiority to physiological saline.
Topics: Animals; Epinephrine; Humans; Lidocaine; Mesna; Rabbits; Rhinoplasty; Saline Solution
PubMed: 33746223
DOI: 10.14639/0392-100X-N0920 -
International Journal of Clinical... Oct 2023Cisplatin should be administered with diuretics and Magnesium supplementation under adequate hydration to avoid renal impairment. Patients should be evaluated for eGFR...
Chapter 3: Management of kidney injury caused by cancer drug therapy, from clinical practice guidelines for the management of kidney injury during anticancer drug therapy 2022.
Cisplatin should be administered with diuretics and Magnesium supplementation under adequate hydration to avoid renal impairment. Patients should be evaluated for eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) during the treatment with pemetrexed, as kidney injury has been reported. Pemetrexed should be administered with caution in patients with a CCr (creatinine clearance) < 45 mL/min. Mesna is used to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis in patients receiving ifosfamide. Febuxostat is effective in avoiding hyperuricemia induced by TLS (tumor lysis syndrome). Preventative rasburicase is recommended in high-risk cases of TLS. Thrombotic microangiopathy could be triggered by anticancer drugs and there is no evidence of efficacy of plasma exchange therapy. When proteinuria occurs during treatment with anti-angiogenic agents or multi-kinase inhibitors, dose reductions or interruptions based on grading should be considered. Grade 3 proteinuria and renal dysfunction require urgent intervention, including drug interruption or withdrawal, and referral to a nephrologist should be considered. The first-line drugs used for blood pressure elevation due to anti-angiogenic agents are ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors and ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers). The protein binding of drugs and their pharmacokinetics are considerably altered in patients with hypoalbuminemia. The clearance of rituximab is increased in patients with proteinuria, and the correlation with urinary IgG suggests similar pharmacokinetic changes when using other antibody drugs. AIN (acute interstitial nephritis) is the most common cause of ICI (immune checkpoint inhibitor)-related kidney injury that is often treated with steroids. The need for renal biopsy in patients with kidney injury that occurs during treatment with ICI remains controversial.
PubMed: 37453935
DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02382-2 -
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Nov 2023In optical biosensing, analyte-independent factors such as autofluorescence interference and excitation source fluctuation decrease the sensitivity and accuracy. Herein,...
In optical biosensing, analyte-independent factors such as autofluorescence interference and excitation source fluctuation decrease the sensitivity and accuracy. Herein, we reported a bimodal persistent luminescence strategy to design dual-emissive persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) with built-in self-calibration to preclude interference from analyte-independent factors in biosensing. As a proof of concept, ZnGaO:Cr PLNPs with emissions at both 490 nm and 695 nm were designed. The I/I ratio of ZnGaO:Cr was readily adjusted by simply changing the doping concentration of Cr. The ZnGaO:Cr PLNPs were employed for the ratiometric detection of urinary mesna. A good linear relationship between the I/I ratio of ZnGaO:Cr-based nanoprobe and the concentration of mesna was obtained in the range of 0-40 μM. The limit of detection was about 0.40 μM. Results showed that autofluorescence interference from urine was totally eliminated by collecting the persistent luminescence signal of ZnGaO:Cr after excitation ceased. Moreover, the built-in self-calibration feature of the ratiometric ZnGaO:Cr PLNPs efficiently suppressed the interference from fluctuations in instrumental parameters during urinary mesna detection. The recovery rates of mesna in the spiked urine samples are in the range of 99.1~109.0%, showing the reliability of the ratiometric ZnGaO:Cr PLNPs in urinary mesna detection. ZnGaO:Cr can further be expanded to the detection of other analytes in complex matrices. This study may open new opportunities for the design of dual-emissive PLNPs with tunable ratios of emission intensity, and it can further promote the applications of optical biosensing in disease diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring.
PubMed: 37733257
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04949-4