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Journal of Economic Entomology Aug 2019
PubMed: 31227832
DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz184 -
Biomolecules Mar 2020Many bacteria have the potential to use specific pesticides as a source of carbon, phosphorous, nitrogen and sulphur. Acephate degradation by microbes is considered to...
Many bacteria have the potential to use specific pesticides as a source of carbon, phosphorous, nitrogen and sulphur. Acephate degradation by microbes is considered to be a safe and effective method. The overall aim of the present study was to identify acephate biodegrading microorganisms and to investigate the degradation rates of acephate under the stress of humic acid and most common metal ions Fe(III) and copper Cu(II). s strain ACP1 strain ACP2, and ACP3 were isolated from acephate contaminated soils. Acephate of concentration 100 ppm was incubated with separate strain inoculums and periodic samples were drawn for UV-visible, FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and MS (Mass Spectrometry) analysis. Methamidophos, S-methyl O-hydrogen phosphorothioamidate, phosphenothioic S-acid, and phosphenamide were the major metabolites formed during the degradation of acephate. The rate of degradation was applied using pseudo-first-order kinetics to calculate the half-life (t) values, which were 14.33-16.72 d (strain(s) + acephate), 18.81-21.50 d (strain(s) + acephate + Cu(II)), 20.06 -23.15 d (strain(s) + acephate + Fe(II)), and 15.05-17.70 d (strains + acephate + HA). The biodegradation efficiency of the three bacterial strains can be ordered as > > . The present study illustrated the decomposition mechanism of acephate under different conditions, and the same may be applied to the removal of other xenobiotic compounds.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Copper; Humic Substances; Iron; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Phosphoramides; Pseudomonas; Soil; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 32168777
DOI: 10.3390/biom10030433 -
Ecotoxicology (London, England) Aug 2019The presence of pesticides has recently been reported in shrimp farms adjacent to agricultural areas on the east coast of the Gulf of California. This study assessed the...
The presence of pesticides has recently been reported in shrimp farms adjacent to agricultural areas on the east coast of the Gulf of California. This study assessed the possible effect of organophosphorus pesticides in the coastal environment of Sinaloa, México, using the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei as a bioindicator since their presence, abundance or behavior indicate some process or state of the system in which they live. Sublethal bioassays were performed on shrimps in intermolt state using commercial brands of organophosphorus pesticides, chlorpyrifos (0.0015 mg l), diazinon (0.0120 mg l), methamidophos (1.207 mg l), azinphos-methyl (0.0101 mg l), and methyl parathion (0.0075 mg l) were tested. Results showed reductions in glycogen, triglycerides, and total protein concentrations in shrimp muscle, except for the diazinon treatments, in which an increase in triglyceride level was detected. The observed alterations in the three cellular components were probably due to the metabolic compensation mechanism of the shrimp in reaction to the stress produced by organophosphorus pesticides, which act as endocrine disruptors. The establishment of continuous environmental monitoring programs of the coastal zone of Northwestern Mexico is strongly recommended.
Topics: Animals; Arthropod Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Glycogen; Insecticides; Mexico; Organophosphates; Penaeidae; Triglycerides; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 31222580
DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02066-6 -
Data in Brief Aug 2019or red palm weevil (RPW) is a destructive insect pest of major cultivated palms such as coconut, date and oil palm. One of the control management of RPW is trunk...
or red palm weevil (RPW) is a destructive insect pest of major cultivated palms such as coconut, date and oil palm. One of the control management of RPW is trunk injection using monocrotophos or methamidophos, but these chemicals are found to affect ecosystems and human health. Thus, we aimed to determine a bio-pesticide to replace these synthetic chemicals. We tested the antifeedant activity of three eugenol-based compounds as potential control agent against RPW larvae in vitro condition for two weeks. All these compounds show significant effect as feeding deterrent agent on 4th instar larvae, while WN16 (4-allyl-2-methoxy-1-(4-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxy)-benzene) shows the highest feeding deterrent index (FDI = 64.42%). Here we present the data regarding the biological aspect on treated RPW larvae as well as antifeedant activity index of these eugenol derived compounds.
PubMed: 31367662
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104227