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Anticancer Research Jul 2023Pulmonary metastases are the second most common site of metastasis in colorectal cancer after the liver, and microwave ablation (MWA) for its treatment has grown in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/AIM
Pulmonary metastases are the second most common site of metastasis in colorectal cancer after the liver, and microwave ablation (MWA) for its treatment has grown in popularity in patients who are not suitable for pulmonary metastatectomy. However, its long-term efficacy remains unknown.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review was conducted in July 2022 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Studies adopting MWA for colorectal cancer pulmonary metastases were included.
RESULTS
A total of 488 lesions were ablated in 230 patients across eight studies. The median duration of ablation was 10 minutes. The mean length of stay in hospital was 2.3 days. Complications included pneumothorax in 128 (52%) patients; pneumonia, which occurred in 4 (1.7%) patients, and pulmonary haemorrhage in 23 (10.0%) patients. Complete remission was achieved in 85 (37.0%) patients, local control was achieved in 103 (44.8%) patients, and residual or progressive disease remained in 85 (37.0%). Survival post ablation at 1 year was 89.2% and at 3 years was 40.3%. Post-ablation disease-free survival was 43.2% at 3 years.
CONCLUSION
MWA is an alternative treatment for pulmonary metastases of colorectal cancer. It has competitive theoretical properties and local recurrence rate compared to radiofrequency ablation.
Topics: Humans; Treatment Outcome; Microwaves; Catheter Ablation; Radiofrequency Ablation; Lung Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms
PubMed: 37351979
DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16461 -
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Apr 2022To conduct keratometry and investigate the ultrastructural changes after microwave thermokeratoplasty (MTK) in rabbit eyes. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To conduct keratometry and investigate the ultrastructural changes after microwave thermokeratoplasty (MTK) in rabbit eyes.
METHODS
Eighteen New Zealand rabbits (18 eyes) were recruited for this study. Ten eyes were chosen for slit-lamp photography and corneal topography at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. Two rabbits were sacrificed on 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. All remaining rabbits were sacrificed at 6 months postoperatively. The cornea was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. p value was determined using repeated-measures analysis of variance.
RESULTS
Corneal edema, disorganized corneal collagen fibers in the heated area, and necrotic fibroblasts were observed at 1 day and 1 week postoperatively. At 1 month postoperatively, corneal edema was not observed, and corneal cell morphology was normal. Moreover, corneal collagen fibers in the heated area shrunk and tended to be organized. The K1 and K2 values significantly decreased from 49.0 ± 1.2 D and 50.5 ± 0.9 D preoperatively to 40.3 ± 1.2 D and 43.2 ± 0.8 D 6 months postoperatively, respectively. The corneal thickness was 353.1 ± 9.3 µm preoperatively and 317.8 ± 27.7 µm at 6 months postoperatively; the difference was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Corneal keratometry showed flattening after MTK. Moreover, corneal collagen fibers in the heated area shrunk and tended to be organized at 6 months postoperatively. Further studies are required to determine the safety and stability of MTK.
Topics: Animals; Collagen; Cornea; Corneal Topography; Microwaves; Photography; Rabbits
PubMed: 34806777
DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23495 -
Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Jun 2023Plantar warts, or verrucae plantaris, are common lesions causing considerable pain during weightbearing activity. Although current treatment modalities have low success...
BACKGROUND
Plantar warts, or verrucae plantaris, are common lesions causing considerable pain during weightbearing activity. Although current treatment modalities have low success rates, microwave therapy has been introduced as a promising intervention. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of microwave therapy for the treatment of plantar warts and to determine the clinical factors associated with plantar wart resolution.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 150 plantar warts from 45 patients treated with microwave therapy was undertaken. Binomial regression was conducted to explore clinical characteristics (age, gender, immunosuppression, impaired healing, multiple vs single wart, location of lesion, lesion diameter) associated with lesion resolution.
RESULTS
Of the total 150 plantar warts treated with microwave therapy, 125 (83.3%) warts resolved and 25 (17%) warts did not resolve. The mean (SD) total treatment sessions for resolved lesions was 2.8 (1.0). Decreasing age (P = 0.046) was the only clinical characteristic associated with resolution.
CONCLUSIONS
This retrospective study has shown that plantar warts may be resolved with two to three sessions of microwave therapy, which may be more successful in younger populations.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Microwaves; Warts; Foot Diseases; Pain Management; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37322512
DOI: 10.1186/s13047-023-00638-8 -
International Journal of Hyperthermia :... Dec 2023To analyze the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) in T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency, microwave and laser ablation for the treatment of T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma on a large scale: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
To analyze the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) in T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients by evaluating data on several outcomes on a large scale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Literature searches were conducted in PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for studies of thermal ablation (TA) for treating T1N0M0 PTC. Data on the volume reduction rate (VRR) at the 12-month follow-up and final follow-up, complete disappearance rate, local recurrence rate, lymph node metastasis rate, and complication rate of RFA, MWA and LA were evaluated separately. RFA effects were compared between T1aN0M0 and T1bN0M0 patients.
RESULTS
A total of 36 eligible studies were included. RFA presented superior efficacy than MWA in 12-month VRR. At the final follow-up, the difference was slight in subgroups, showing a significant reduction. The complete disappearance rate of LA (93.00%) was higher than that of RFA (81.00%) and MWA (71.00%). Additionally, the local recurrence rate pooled proportions of MWA and RFA were both 2.00%, lower than that of the LA group (3.00%). There was no event of distant metastasis. The lymph node metastasis rates were similar, as RFA (1.00%) had the lowest. For minor complication rates, the pooled proportions of RFA (3.00%) were smaller than those of LA (6.00%) and MWA (13.00%). T1aN0M0 lesions presented with better outcomes than T1bN0M0 lesions.
CONCLUSION
RFA, MWA and LA were reliable in curing PTC, and RFA presented advantages in most outcomes. T1aN0M0 patients may experience fewer side effects than T1bN0M0 patients.
Topics: Humans; Microwaves; Lymphatic Metastasis; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Laser Therapy; Thyroid Neoplasms; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 37604507
DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2244713 -
Techniques in Vascular and... Jun 2020Image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation is a widely acceptable local therapy for patients with colorectal liver metastases who are noneligible for surgery or present... (Review)
Review
Image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation is a widely acceptable local therapy for patients with colorectal liver metastases who are noneligible for surgery or present with recurrence after hepatectomy. The increasing knowledge of factors that affect oncologic outcomes has allowed selected patients with resectable small volume colorectal liver metastases to be treated by thermal ablation with curative intent. The continuous technological evolutions in imaging and image-guidance and the wide implementation of microwave ablation that overcomes most of the limitations of radiofrequency ablation have contributed to this paradigm shift. The importance of patient selection, ablation margin evaluation, and confirmation of complete tumor ablation (A0) are discussed in this article.
Topics: Biopsy; Clinical Decision-Making; Colorectal Neoplasms; Cryosurgery; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Laser Therapy; Liver Neoplasms; Margins of Excision; Metastasectomy; Microwaves; Patient Selection; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Predictive Value of Tests; Radiofrequency Ablation; Radiopharmaceuticals; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 32591188
DOI: 10.1016/j.tvir.2020.100672 -
ACS Nano Sep 2023Chronic osteomyelitis (COM), is a long-term, constant, and intractable disease mostly induced by infection from the invasion of () into bone cells. Here, we describe a...
Chronic osteomyelitis (COM), is a long-term, constant, and intractable disease mostly induced by infection from the invasion of () into bone cells. Here, we describe a highly effective microwave (MW) therapeutic strategy for -induced COM based on the growth of interfacial oxygen vacancy-rich molybdenum disulfide (MoS)/titanium carbide (TiCT) MXene with oxygen-deficient titanium dioxide (TiO) on TiCT (labeled as HU-MoS/TiCT) by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and heat. HU-MoS/TiCT produced heat and ROS, which could effectively treat -induced COM under MW irradiation. The underlying mechanism determined by density functional theory (DFT) and MW vector network analysis was that HU-MoS/TiCT formed a high-energy local electric field under MW irradiation, consequently generating more high-energy free electrons to pass and move across the interface at a high speed and accelerate by the heterointerface, which enhanced the charge accumulation on both sides of the interface. Moreover, these charges were captured by the oxygen species adsorbed at the HU-MoS/TiCT interface to produce ROS. MoS facilitated multiple reflections and scattering of electromagnetic waves as well as enhanced impedance matching. TiCT enhanced the conduction loss of electromagnetic waves, while functional groups induced dipole polarization to enhance attenuation of MW.
Topics: Humans; Microwaves; Staphylococcus aureus; Molybdenum; Reactive Oxygen Species; Osteomyelitis; Oxygen
PubMed: 37707356
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05130 -
Techniques in Vascular and... Dec 2020This article provides a step-by-step guide for minimally invasive percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation for treatment of vertebral metastases. Such interventions... (Review)
Review
This article provides a step-by-step guide for minimally invasive percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation for treatment of vertebral metastases. Such interventions have proved safe and effective in management of selected patients with spinal metastases primarily to achieve pain palliation and local tumor control. Particular attention to patient selection guidelines, details of procedure techniques, thermal protection, adequacy of treatment, recognition and management of potential complications, and post-ablation imaging are essential for improved patient outcomes.
Topics: Back Pain; Cryosurgery; Humans; Metastasectomy; Microwaves; Pain Management; Postoperative Complications; Radiofrequency Ablation; Radiography, Interventional; Spinal Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33308579
DOI: 10.1016/j.tvir.2020.100699 -
Orthopaedic Surgery Feb 2021To evaluate whether curettage with adjuvant microwave therapy was successful in the treatment of giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) in extremities, especially for GCTB...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate whether curettage with adjuvant microwave therapy was successful in the treatment of giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) in extremities, especially for GCTB with pathological fractures and GCTB of the distal radius.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study of 54 cases of GCTB of the extremities treated by curettage with adjuvant microwave therapy between 2007 and 2019. Five patients were lost to follow up and excluded from the study. A total of 33 male and 21 female patients were included in this study. Patients were aged 15-57 years (mean 29.72 ± 10.48 years). Among these patients, there were 10 cases of GCTB with pathological fractures and eight cases of GCTB of the distal radius; one of these cases was combined with a pathological fracture. Comprehensive imaging examinations (X-rays [including lesion site and chest], CT, MRI, emission computed tomography, and pathology examination) of all patients were reviewed. The clinical staging of these patients were evaluated radiologically using the Campanacci classification system based on the extent of spread of the tumor. All patients underwent curettage with adjuvant microwave therapy. Clinical and imaging evaluations were performed in all cases to check for recurrence or metastasis. Lower limb and upper limber function were assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score (MSTS), and wrist function was assessed according to the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score. Data on surgical-related complications were recorded.
RESULTS
All cases were followed up for 24-126 months (mean 60.69 ± 29.61 months). There were 24 patients with a Campanacci grade of 3 and 30 with a Campanacci grade of 2. The 52 patients were continuously disease-free. The local recurrence rate was 3.70% (2 patients). One patient had recurrence in the proximal femur, and the other developed in soft tissue of the calf muscle. No recurrence occurred for GCTB of the distal radius. One recurrence occurred in a GCTB with pathological fractures. The intervals were 9 and 28 months, respectively. The cases of recurrence all had a Campanacci grade of 3 (8.33%). The median MSTS among the 54 patients was 27.67 ± 3.81. The mean wrist function DASH score was 8.30 ± 2.53. The mean MSTS was 28.67 ± 1.63 and 26.71 ± 5.49 for patients with GCTB of the distal radius and for those with pathological fractures, respectively. In comparing patients with and without pathological fractures, there was no significant difference in the MSTS functional score. Five patients had complications after the surgery.
CONCLUSION
Curettage with adjuvant microwave ablation therapy provided favorable local control and satisfactory functional outcomes in the treatment of GCTB, especially for cases with pathological fractures and those with GCTB of the distal radius.
Topics: Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Curettage; Disability Evaluation; Extremities; Female; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone; Humans; Male; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Radiofrequency Ablation; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 33442922
DOI: 10.1111/os.12865 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Nov 2022Microwaves are used in medicine for diagnostics, and treatment of cancer. Recently, novel microwave devices (Swift, Emblation Ltd, UK and miraDry, Miramar Labs Inc., CA)... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Microwaves are used in medicine for diagnostics, and treatment of cancer. Recently, novel microwave devices (Swift, Emblation Ltd, UK and miraDry, Miramar Labs Inc., CA) have been cleared by the FDA and Health Canada for various dermatological conditions.
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS
To review the dermatological use of microwave-based treatments (plantar warts, corns, actinic keratosis, dermatophytosis, axillary hyperhidrosis, osmidrosis, and hidradenitis suppurativa). Clinical trials, case reports, or studies for each condition are summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Microwaves are a promising alternative therapy for cutaneous warts, actinic keratosis, axillary hyperhidrosis, and osmidrosis, with favorable safety profiles. However, patients with hidradenitis suppurativa have had negative clinical outcomes. Limited treatment of corns showed good pain reduction but did not resolve hyperkeratosis. A preliminary study indicated that microwave treatment inhibits the growth of . We present the first case of toenail onychomycosis successfully treated with microwaves. Despite the advancements in the use of microwaves, the mechanism of action in non-ablative treatment is not well understood; further research is needed. More high-quality randomized clinical trials with larger groups and long follow-up periods are also required to evaluate the clinical benefits and possible adverse effects of microwaves in treating dermatological conditions.
Topics: Humans; Microwaves; Hidradenitis Suppurativa; Keratosis, Actinic; Callosities; Dermatology; Hyperhidrosis; Warts; Sweat Gland Diseases; Technology; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35699665
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2089333 -
Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express Apr 2022We conduct a simulation-based study to investigate the impact of a dynamic temperature environment on the characteristics of microwave-induced thermoacoustic signals. We...
We conduct a simulation-based study to investigate the impact of a dynamic temperature environment on the characteristics of microwave-induced thermoacoustic signals. We investigate thermoacoustic signals that are generated using an interstitial microwave ablation antenna powered by a microsecond pulsed microwave source. Two temperature regimes are examined: first, a spatially uniform temperature throughout the medium to experimentally validate the simulation model, and second, the realistic, spatially nonuniform temperature profiles that arise during microwave ablation. We employ a multi-physics model that considers electromagnetics, heat transfer, and acoustic physics to simulate the coupled processes of microwave absorption and heating of the medium and thermoacoustic signal generation and propagation. An interstitial coaxial antenna is used to generate microsecond microwave pulses that simultaneously induce microwave heating and excite thermoacoustic signals via microwave pulse absorption. We find that thermoacoustic signal characteristics are highly temperature-dependent and thus change significantly within an environment where temperature varies through space and time. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent properties within the active region of the antenna drive the evolution of thermoacoustic signal characteristics. Temperature-dependent thermoacoustic signal characteristics can be exploited to track the progress of microwave ablation. Consequently, microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging is a promising method for monitoring microwave ablation in real-time.
Topics: Acoustics; Computer Simulation; Microwaves; Temperature
PubMed: 35325886
DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac60c6